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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 10-Q


ý

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED March 31, 2011

OR

o

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM                             TO                            

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-19319



VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

MASSACHUSETTS
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  04-3039129
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

130 WAVERLY STREET
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

02139-4242
(Zip Code)

(617) 444-6100
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)



        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ý   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o    No ý

        Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Class
  205,997,844
Outstanding at April 28, 2011


Table of Contents

VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2011


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
   
  Page

Part I. Financial Information

   
 

Item 1.

 

Financial Statements

  2

 

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

  2

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets—March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010

  2

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations—Three Months Ended
March 31, 2011 and 2010

  3

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Three Months Ended
March 31, 2011 and 2010

  4

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

  5
 

Item 2.

 

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  29
 

Item 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

  42
 

Item 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

  42

Part II. Other Information

   
 

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

  44
 

Item 2.

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

  45
 

Item 6.

 

Exhibits

  46

Signatures

  47

        "We," "us," "Vertex" and the "Company" as used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q refer to Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, a Massachusetts corporation, and its subsidiaries.

        "Vertex" and "INCIVEK" are registered trademarks of Vertex. Other brands, names and trademarks contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are the property of their respective owners.


Table of Contents


Part I. Financial Information

Item 1.    Financial Statements

        


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)

 
  March 31,
2011
  December 31,
2010
 

Assets

             

Current assets:

             
 

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 446,536   $ 243,197  
 

Marketable securities, available for sale

    376,916     788,214  
 

Accounts receivable

    5,594     12,529  
 

Inventories

    17,816      
 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

    26,112     13,099  
           
   

Total current assets

    872,974     1,057,039  
           

Restricted cash

    34,111     34,090  

Property and equipment, net

    70,877     72,333  

Intangible assets

    518,700     518,700  

Goodwill

    26,102     26,102  

Other assets

    15,723     17,182  
           
   

Total assets

  $ 1,538,487   $ 1,725,446  
           

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

             

Current liabilities:

             
 

Accounts payable

  $ 34,881   $ 35,851  
 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

    116,092     134,414  
 

Accrued interest

    6,812     3,462  
 

Deferred revenues, current portion

    74,193     74,619  
 

Accrued restructuring expense, current portion

    5,229     5,497  
 

Secured notes (due 2012)

    92,100     136,991  
 

Liability related to sale of potential future milestone payments

    84,893     77,799  
 

Other obligations

    1,995     6,150  
           
   

Total current liabilities

    416,195     474,783  
           

Deferred revenues, excluding current portion

    144,416     160,049  

Accrued restructuring expense, excluding current portion

    23,585     24,098  

Convertible senior subordinated notes (due 2015)

    400,000     400,000  

Deferred tax liability

    160,278     160,278  

Other liabilities

    2,341     2,265  
           
   

Total liabilities

    1,146,815     1,221,473  
           

Commitments and contingencies

             

Stockholders' equity:

             
 

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010

         
 

Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010; 205,458,006 and 203,522,976 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively

    2,033     2,016  
 

Additional paid-in capital

    4,010,777     3,947,433  
 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

    (633 )   (1,067 )
 

Accumulated deficit

    (3,620,505 )   (3,444,409 )
           
   

Total stockholders' equity

    391,672     503,973  
           
   

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity

  $ 1,538,487   $ 1,725,446  
           

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

2


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  

Revenues:

             
 

Royalty revenues

  $ 6,061   $ 6,407  
 

Collaborative revenues

    67,601     16,022  
           
   

Total revenues

    73,662     22,429  

Costs and expenses:

             
 

Royalty expenses

    2,666     3,367  
 

Research and development expenses

    158,612     143,012  
 

Sales, general and administrative expenses

    71,523     35,552  
 

Restructuring expense

    760     780  
           
   

Total costs and expenses

    233,561     182,711  
           

Loss from operations

    (159,899 )   (160,282 )
 

Interest income

    1,402     455  
 

Interest expense

    (12,001 )   (3,955 )
 

Change in fair value of derivative instruments

    (5,598 )   (1,489 )
           

Net loss

  $ (176,096 ) $ (165,271 )
           
 

Basic and diluted net loss per common share

  $ (0.87 ) $ (0.83 )
           
 

Basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding

    202,329     198,935  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3


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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)

(in thousands)

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  

Cash flows from operating activities:

             
 

Net loss

  $ (176,096 ) $ (165,271 )
 

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

             
   

Depreciation and amortization expense

    8,858     7,584  
   

Stock-based compensation expense

    27,879     19,333  
   

Other non-cash based compensation expense

    1,685     1,412  
   

Secured notes (due 2012) discount amortization expense

    6,605     3,231  
   

Change in fair value of derivative instruments

    5,598     1,489  
   

Loss on disposal of property and equipment

        22  
   

Other non-cash items, net

    (204 )    
 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

             
   

Accounts receivable

    6,922     1,714  
   

Inventories

    (17,662 )    
   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

    (12,979 )   (13,667 )
   

Accounts payable

    (1,066 )   (7,964 )
   

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

    (22,678 )   (27,762 )
   

Accrued restructuring expense

    (781 )   (684 )
   

Accrued interest

    3,350     (431 )
   

Deferred revenues

    (16,059 )   (15,468 )
           
     

Net cash used in operating activities

    (186,628 )   (196,462 )

Cash flows from investing activities:

             
 

Purchases of marketable securities

    (124,996 )   (42,022 )
 

Sales and maturities of marketable securities

    536,362     184,274  
 

Expenditures for property and equipment

    (4,850 )   (3,110 )
 

Increase in restricted cash

    (21 )    
 

Increase in other assets

    (543 )   (380 )
           
     

Net cash provided by investing activities

    405,952     138,762  

Cash flows from financing activities:

             
 

Issuances of common stock from employee benefit plans

    33,643     7,664  
 

Payments to redeem a portion of secured notes (due 2012)

    (50,000 )    
 

Debt conversion costs

        (22 )
           
     

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (16,357 )   7,642  
 

Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash

    372     (53 )
           
     

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

    203,339     (50,111 )

Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period

    243,197     446,658  
           

Cash and cash equivalents—end of period

  $ 446,536   $ 396,547  
           

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

             

Cash paid for interest

  $   $ 761  

Conversion of convertible senior subordinated notes (due 2013) for common stock

  $   $ 32,071  

Accrued interest offset to additional paid-in capital on conversion of convertible senior subordinated notes (due 2013)

  $   $ 140  

Unamortized debt issuance costs of converted convertible senior subordinated notes (due 2013) offset to additional paid-in capital

  $   $ 624  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

A. Basis of Presentation

        The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared by Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated ("Vertex" or the "Company") in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

        The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the operations of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

        Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company's annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The interim financial statements, in the opinion of management, reflect all normal recurring adjustments (including accruals) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

        The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the fiscal year. For example, if the Company obtains approval for telaprevir by May 23, 2011 (the United States Food and Drug Administration's (the "FDA") target date to complete its review of the Company's New Drug Application ("NDA") for telaprevir), the Company expects to recognize product revenues beginning in mid-2011. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010, which are contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on February 17, 2011.

B. Accounting Policies

Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Common Share

        Basic net loss per common share is based upon the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding restricted stock and restricted stock units that have been issued but are not yet vested. Diluted net loss per common share is based upon the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus additional weighted-average common equivalent shares outstanding during the period when the effect is dilutive. Common equivalent shares result from the assumed exercise of outstanding stock options (the proceeds of which are then assumed to have been used to repurchase outstanding stock using the treasury stock method), the assumed conversion of convertible notes and vesting of unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units. Common equivalent shares have not been included in the net loss per common share calculations because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. Total potential gross common equivalent shares consisted of the following:

 
  At March 31,  
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands, except
per share amounts)

 

Stock options

    22,453     21,088  
 

Weighted-average exercise price (per share)

  $ 31.73   $ 32.11  

Convertible senior subordinated notes

    8,192      
 

Conversion price (per share)

  $ 48.83     n/a  

Unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units

    2,206     1,904  

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

B. Accounting Policies (Continued)

Stock-based Compensation Expense

        The Company expenses the fair value of employee stock options and other forms of stock-based employee compensation over the associated employee service period or, for awards with market conditions, the derived service period. For awards with performance conditions, the Company makes estimates regarding the likelihood of satisfaction of the performance conditions that affect the period over which the expense is recognized. Compensation expense is determined based on the fair value of the award at the grant date, including estimated forfeitures, and is adjusted each period to reflect actual forfeitures and the outcomes of certain market and performance conditions. Please refer to Note C, "Stock-based Compensation Expense," for further information.

Research and Development Expenses

        The Company expenses as incurred all research and development expenses, including amounts funded by research and development collaborations. The Company defers and capitalizes nonrefundable advance payments made by the Company for research and development activities until the related goods are delivered or the related services are performed.

        Research and development expenses are comprised of costs incurred by the Company in performing research and development activities and include: salary and benefits; stock-based compensation expense; laboratory supplies and other direct expenses; contractual services costs, including clinical trial and pharmaceutical development costs; expenses associated with commercial supplies that are not being capitalized; and infrastructure costs, including facilities costs and depreciation expense. The Company evaluates periodically what portion of its commercial supply costs may be capitalized as described below in the Company's accounting policy regarding inventories.

        The Company's collaborators funded portions of the Company's research and development programs related to specific drug candidates and research targets, including telaprevir, in the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. The Company's collaborative revenues, including amortization of up-front license fees received in prior periods and milestone revenues, were $67.6 million and $16.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010. The Company's research and development expenses allocated to programs in which a collaborator funded at least a portion of the research and development expenses were approximately $25 million and approximately $37 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

Inventories

        The Company values its inventories at the lower of cost or market. The Company determines the cost of its inventories, which includes amounts related to materials and manufacturing overhead, on a first-in, first-out ("FIFO") basis. If the Company identifies excess, obsolete or unsalable items, its inventories are written down to their realizable value in the period that the impairment is first identified.

        The Company capitalizes inventories produced in preparation for initiating sales of a drug candidate when the related drug candidate is considered to have a high likelihood of regulatory approval and the related costs are expected to be recoverable through sales of the drug. In determining whether or not to capitalize such inventory, the Company evaluates, among other factors, information

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

B. Accounting Policies (Continued)


regarding the drug candidate's safety and efficacy, the status of regulatory submissions and communications with regulatory authorities and the outlook for commercial sales, including the existence of current or anticipated competitive drugs and the availability of reimbursement. In addition, the Company evaluates risks associated with manufacturing the drug candidate and the remaining shelf life of the inventory. Please refer to Note H, "Inventories," for further information.

Restructuring Expense

        The Company records costs and liabilities associated with exit and disposal activities based on estimates of fair value in the period the liabilities are incurred. In periods subsequent to the Company's initial measurement, the Company measures changes to the liability using the credit-adjusted risk-free discount rate it applied in the initial period. The Company evaluates and adjusts these liabilities as appropriate for changes in circumstances at least on a quarterly basis. Please refer to Note I, "Restructuring Expense," for further information.

Revenue Recognition

        The Company's revenues are generated primarily through collaborative research, development and/or commercialization agreements. The terms of these agreements typically include payment to the Company of one or more of the following: nonrefundable, up-front license fees; milestone payments; funding of research and/or development activities; payments for services the Company provides through its third-party manufacturing network; and royalties on product sales. Each of these types of payments results in collaborative revenues, except for revenues from royalties on product sales, which are classified as royalty revenues.

        Collaborative research, development and/or commercialization agreements entered into prior to January 1, 2011 that contain multiple elements are divided into separate units of accounting if certain criteria are met, including whether the delivered element has stand-alone value to the collaborator and whether there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered obligation(s). The consideration received is allocated among the separate units either on the basis of each unit's fair value or using the residual method, and the applicable revenue recognition criteria are applied to each of the separate units.

        The Company recognizes revenues from nonrefundable, up-front license fees on a straight-line basis over the contracted or estimated period of performance, which is typically the period over which the research and development is expected to occur or manufacturing services are expected to be provided. In order to estimate the period of performance, the Company is required to make estimates regarding the drug development and commercialization timelines for drug candidates being developed pursuant to the applicable agreement. The Company's estimates regarding the period of performance under certain of its collaboration agreements have changed in the past and may change in the future.

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

B. Accounting Policies (Continued)

        At the inception of each agreement that includes milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether each milestone is substantive on the basis of the contingent nature of the milestone, specifically reviewing factors such as the scientific and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the milestone, as well as the level of effort and investment required. The Company recognizes revenues related to substantive milestones in full in the period in which the substantive milestone is achieved, if payment is reasonably assured and the Company's performance obligations are fully satisfied or if the Company has fair value for its remaining obligations. If the Company has remaining obligations after the achievement of a substantive milestone and does not have sufficient evidence of the fair value of those obligations, the milestone payment is recognized over the period of performance. If a milestone is not considered substantive, the Company recognizes the applicable milestone payment over the remaining period of performance.

        Under certain of its collaboration agreements, the Company is entitled to reimbursement from its collaborators for specified research and development expenses and/or payments for specified manufacturing services that the Company provides through its third-party manufacturing network. The Company considers the nature and contractual terms of the arrangement and the nature of the Company's business operations in order to determine whether research and development funding will result in collaborative revenues or an offset to research and development expenses. The Company typically recognizes the revenues related to these reimbursable expenses and manufacturing services in the period in which the reimbursable expenses are incurred or the manufacturing services are provided.

        On January 1, 2011, updated guidance on the recognition of revenues for agreements with multiple deliverables became effective and will apply to any agreements entered into by the Company on after January 1, 2011. This updated guidance (1) relates to whether multiple deliverables exist, how the deliverables in a revenue arrangement should be separated and how the consideration should be allocated; (2) requires companies to allocate revenues in an arrangement using estimated selling prices of deliverables if a vendor does not have vendor-specific objective evidence or third-party evidence of selling price; and (3) eliminates the use of the residual method and requires companies to allocate revenues using the relative selling price method. During the first quarter of 2011, the Company did not enter into any agreements that would be accounted for pursuant to this updated guidance. If the Company enters into an agreement with multiple deliverables after January 1, 2011, this updated guidance could have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.

        The Company typically recognizes royalty revenues based upon actual and estimated net sales of licensed products in licensed territories, as provided by the licensee, and generally recognizes royalty revenues in the period the sales occur. The Company reconciles and adjusts for differences between actual royalty revenues and estimated royalty revenues in the quarter they become known. These differences historically have not been significant.

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

B. Accounting Policies (Continued)

        The Company has sold its rights to certain royalties on sales of HIV protease inhibitors and recognizes the revenues related to this sale as royalty revenues. In the circumstance where the Company has sold its rights to future royalties under a license agreement and also maintains continuing involvement in the royalty arrangement (but not significant continuing involvement in the generation of the cash flows due to the purchaser of the future royalty rights), the Company defers recognition of the proceeds it receives for the royalty stream and recognizes these deferred revenues over the life of the license agreement pursuant to the units-of-revenue method. Under this method, the amount of deferred revenues to be recognized as royalty revenues in each period is calculated by multiplying the following: (1) the royalty payments due to the purchaser for the period by (2) the ratio of the remaining deferred revenue amount to the total estimated remaining royalty payments due to the purchaser over the term of the agreement. The Company's estimates regarding the estimated remaining royalty payments due to the purchaser have changed in the past and may change in the future.

Business Combinations

        The Company assigns the value of the consideration transferred to acquire a business to the tangible assets and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of their fair values at the date of acquisition. The Company assesses the fair value of these assets, including intangible assets such as in-process research and development assets, using a variety of methods. Each asset is measured at fair value from the perspective of a market participant. The present-value models used to estimate the fair values of in-process research and development assets incorporate significant assumptions regarding the estimates that market participants would make in order to evaluate an asset, including: market participants' assumptions regarding the probability of completing in-process research and development projects, which would require obtaining regulatory approval for marketing of the associated drug candidate; market participants' estimates regarding the timing of and the expected costs to complete in-process research and development projects; market participants' estimates of future cash flows from potential product sales; and the appropriate discount rates for market participants. Transaction costs and restructuring costs associated with business combination transactions are expensed as incurred.

In-process Research and Development Assets

        In-process research and development assets relate to the Company's acquisition of ViroChem in March 2009. The Company records the value of in-process research and development assets acquired in a business combination at their fair value as of the acquisition date. These assets are accounted for as indefinite-lived intangible assets and maintained on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets until either the project underlying them is completed or the assets become impaired. If a project is completed, the carrying value of the related intangible asset is amortized as a part of cost of revenues over the remaining estimated life of the asset beginning in the period in which the project is completed. If a project becomes impaired or is abandoned, the carrying value of the related intangible asset is written down to its fair value and an impairment charge is taken in the period in which the impairment occurs. In-process research and development assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1, and more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist.

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

B. Accounting Policies (Continued)

Goodwill

        The difference between the purchase price and the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination is allocated to goodwill. Goodwill relates to the Company's acquisition of ViroChem in March 2009. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1, and more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstances suggest that impairment may exist.

Derivative Instruments and Embedded Derivatives

        The Company has entered into financial transactions involving free-standing derivative instruments and embedded derivatives. These financial transactions include arrangements involving secured notes, the sale of potential future milestone payments and senior subordinated convertible notes. The embedded derivatives are required to be bifurcated from the host instruments because the derivatives are not clearly and closely related to the host instruments. The Company determines the fair value of each derivative instrument or embedded derivative on the date of issuance and at the end of each quarterly period. The estimates of the fair value of these derivatives, particularly with respect to derivatives related to the achievement of milestones in the development of telaprevir, include significant assumptions regarding the estimates market participants would make in order to evaluate these derivatives. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are evaluated on a quarterly basis. Please refer to Note M, "September 2009 Financial Transactions," for further information.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

        For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements please refer to Note B "Accounting Policies—Recent Accounting Pronouncements" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company did not adopt any new accounting pronouncements during the three months ended March 31, 2011 that had a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

C. Stock-based Compensation Expense

        The Company issues stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units with service conditions, which are generally the vesting periods of the awards. The Company also has issued, to certain members of senior management, restricted stock and restricted stock units that vest upon the earlier of the satisfaction of (i) a market or performance condition or (ii) a service condition, and stock options that vest upon the earlier of the satisfaction of (1) performance conditions or (2) a service condition. The Company also issues shares pursuant to an employee stock purchase plan ("ESPP").

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

C. Stock-based Compensation Expense (Continued)

        The effect of stock-based compensation expense during the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 was as follows:

 
  Three Months Ended March 31,  
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Stock-based compensation expense by type of award:

             
 

Stock options

  $ 19,624   $ 13,468  
 

Restricted stock and restricted stock units

    6,830     4,747  
 

ESPP share issuances

    1,579     1,118  
   

Less stock-based compensation expense capitalized to inventory

    (154 )    
           

Total stock-based compensation expense included in net loss

  $ 27,879   $ 19,333  
           

Stock-based compensation expense by line item:

             
 

Research and development expenses

  $ 18,549   $ 14,320  
 

Sales, general and administrative expenses

    9,330     5,013  
           

Total stock-based compensation expense included in net loss

  $ 27,879   $ 19,333  
           

        The Company capitalized $0.2 million of stock-based compensation expense to inventory in the quarter ended March 31, 2011, all of which is attributable to employees that support the Company's manufacturing operations related to telaprevir.

        The following table sets forth the Company's unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, as of March 31, 2011 by type of award, and the weighted-average period over which that expense is expected to be recognized:

 
  As of March 31, 2011  
 
  Unrecognized Expense,
Net of
Estimated Forfeitures
  Weighted-average
Recognition
Period
 
 
  (in thousands)
  (in years)
 

Type of award:

             
 

Stock options

  $ 145,215     2.76  
 

Restricted stock and restricted stock units

    48,397     2.49  
 

ESPP share issuances

    1,890     0.49  

11


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

C. Stock-based Compensation Expense (Continued)

        The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2011:

 
  Options Outstanding   Options Exercisable  
Range of Exercise Prices
  Number
Outstanding
  Weighted-average
Remaining
Contractual Life
  Weighted-average
Exercise Price
  Number
Exercisable
  Weighted-average
Exercise Price
 
 
  (in thousands)
  (in years)
  (per share)
  (in thousands)
  (per share)
 

$8.68-$20.00

    3,618     3.75   $ 15.64     3,328   $ 15.36  

$20.01-$30.00

    2,262     5.09   $ 27.44     2,044   $ 27.42  

$30.01-$40.00

    16,285     7.99   $ 35.68     6,639   $ 35.02  

$40.01-$50.00

    267     6.82   $ 44.03     103   $ 43.43  

$50.01-$50.51

    21     9.68   $ 50.50     1   $ 50.01  

D. Marketable Securities

        A summary of the Company's cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities is shown below:

 
  Amortized
Cost
  Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  Fair
Value
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

March 31, 2011

                         

Cash and cash equivalents

                         
 

Cash and money market funds

  $ 285,890   $   $   $ 285,890  
 

U.S. Treasury securities

    47,347         (1 )   47,346  
 

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

    113,297     3         113,300  
                   

Total cash and cash equivalents

  $ 446,534   $ 3   $ (1 ) $ 446,536  
                   

Marketable securities

                         
 

U.S. Treasury securities (due within 1 year)

  $ 84,703   $ 12   $   $ 84,715  
 

Government-sponsored enterprise securities (due within 1 year)

    292,136     66     (1 )   292,201  
                   

Total marketable securities

  $ 376,839   $ 78   $ (1 ) $ 376,916  
                   

Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities

  $ 823,373   $ 81   $ (2 ) $ 823,452  
                   

December 31, 2010

                         

Cash and cash equivalents

                         
 

Cash and money market funds

  $ 193,845   $   $   $ 193,845  
 

U.S. Treasury securities

    4,770             4,770  
 

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

    44,587     1     (6 )   44,582  
                   

Total cash and cash equivalents

  $ 243,202   $ 1   $ (6 ) $ 243,197  
                   

Marketable securities

                         
 

U.S. Treasury securities (due within 1 year)

  $ 103,230   $ 1   $ (11 ) $ 103,220  
 

Government-sponsored enterprise securities (due within 1 year)

    684,969     87     (62 )   684,994  
                   

Total marketable securities

  $ 788,199   $ 88   $ (73 ) $ 788,214  
                   

Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities

  $ 1,031,401   $ 89   $ (79 ) $ 1,031,411  
                   

12


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

D. Marketable Securities (Continued)

        The following tables summarize the fair value and gross unrealized losses related to marketable securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous gross unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 
  Less than 12 months   12 months or more   Total  
 
  Fair
Value
  Gross
Unrealized
Loss
  Fair
Value
  Gross
Unrealized
Loss
  Fair
Value
  Gross
Unrealized
Loss
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

March 31, 2011

                                     

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

  $ 10,192   $ (1 ) $   $   $ 10,192   $ (1 )
                           
 

Total

  $ 10,192   $ (1 ) $   $   $ 10,192   $ (1 )
                           

 

 
  Less than 12 months   12 months or more   Total  
 
  Fair
Value
  Gross
Unrealized
Loss
  Fair
Value
  Gross
Unrealized
Loss
  Fair
Value
  Gross
Unrealized
Loss
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

December 31, 2010

                                     

U.S. Treasury securities

  $ 95,942   $ (11 ) $   $   $ 95,942   $ (11 )

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

    253,871     (62 )           253,871     (62 )
                           
 

Total

  $ 349,813   $ (73 ) $   $   $ 349,813   $ (73 )
                           

        In the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had proceeds of $536.4 million and $184.3 million, respectively, from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities.

        Realized gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and are included in interest income on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. There were no gross realized gains and losses for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010.

13


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

E. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities reflects the Company's estimate of amounts that it would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from sources independent from the Company) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (the Company's assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:

        The Company's investment strategy is focused on capital preservation. The Company invests in instruments that meet credit quality standards as outlined in the Company's investment policy guidelines. These guidelines also limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issue or type of instrument. As of March 31, 2011, the Company's investments are in money market funds and short-term government guaranteed or supported securities.

        As of March 31, 2011, all of the Company's financial assets that were subject to fair value measurements were valued using observable inputs. The Company's financial assets that were valued based on Level 1 inputs consist of a money market fund, U.S. Treasury securities and government-sponsored enterprise securities, which are government-supported. The Company's money market fund also invests in government-sponsored enterprise securities. During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company did not record an other-than-temporary impairment charge related to its financial assets. The Company's financial liabilities that were subject to fair value measurement related to the financial transactions that the Company entered into in September 2009 are valued based on Level 3 inputs. Please refer to Note M, "September 2009 Financial Transactions," for further information.

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Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

E. Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Continued)

        The following table sets forth the Company's financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements as of March 31, 2011:

 
  Fair Value Measurements as of
March 31, 2011
 
 
   
  Fair Value Hierarchy  
 
  Total   Level 1   Level 2   Level 3  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Financial assets carried at fair value:

                         
 

Cash equivalents:

                         
   

Money market funds

  $ 241,633   $ 241,633   $   $  
   

U.S. Treasury securities

    47,346     47,346          
   

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

    113,300     113,300          
 

Marketable securities:

                         
   

U.S. Treasury securities

    84,715     84,715          
   

Government-sponsored enterprise securities

    292,201     292,201          
 

Restricted cash

    34,111     34,111          
                   
   

Total

  $ 813,306   $ 813,306   $   $  
                   

Financial liabilities carried at fair value:

                         
 

Embedded derivative related to 2012 Notes

  $ 4,991   $   $   $ 4,991  
 

Liability related to sale of potential future milestone payments

    84,893             84,893  
                   
   

Total

  $ 89,884   $   $   $ 89,884  
                   

        The following table is a reconciliation of financial liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31, 2011
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Balance, December 31, 2010

  $ 89,888  
 

Change in fair value of derivative instruments

    5,598  
 

Redemption of a portion of the 2012 Notes

    (5,602 )
       

Balance, March 31, 2011

  $ 89,884  
       

        As of March 31, 2011, the Company had $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.35% convertible senior subordinated notes due 2015 (the "2015 Notes") on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of March 31, 2011, these 2015 Notes had a fair value of approximately $482 million as obtained from a quoted market source.

15


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

F. Comprehensive Loss

        For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, comprehensive loss was as follows:

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Net loss

  $ (176,096 ) $ (165,271 )

Changes in other comprehensive loss:

             
 

Unrealized holding gains on marketable securities, net

    69     128  
 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    365     (568 )
           

Total change in other comprehensive loss

    434     (440 )
           

Total comprehensive loss

  $ (175,662 ) $ (165,711 )
           

G. Income Taxes

        At March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits and no adjustments to liabilities or operations were required. The Company does not expect that its unrecognized tax benefits will materially increase within the next twelve months. The Company did not recognize any material interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

        The Company files United States federal income tax returns and income tax returns in various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to any tax assessment from an income tax examination in the United States before 2007 and any other major taxing jurisdiction for years before 2005, except where the Company has net operating losses or tax credit carryforwards that originate before 2005. The Company is currently under examination by Revenue Quebec for the year ended March 11, 2009 and the year ended December 31, 2007. No adjustments have been reported. The Company is not under examination by any other jurisdictions for any tax year.

H. Inventories

        All of the Company's inventories relate to telaprevir. The following table sets forth the Company's inventories as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 
  March 31,
2011
  December 31,
2010
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Raw materials

  $ 7,816   $  

Work in process

    10,000      

Finished goods

         
           
 

Total

  $ 17,816   $  
           

        The Company submitted the telaprevir NDA to the FDA in November 2010 and the FDA accepted the NDA in January 2011. The FDA has granted the Company priority review for the telaprevir NDA and the target date for the FDA to complete its review of the telaprevir NDA is

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Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

H. Inventories (Continued)


May 23, 2011. On April 28, 2011, the FDA's Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee, which provides non-binding recommendations for consideration by the FDA, voted unanimously (18 to 0) to recommend the approval of telaprevir.

        On January 1, 2011, the Company began capitalizing inventory costs for telaprevir manufactured in preparation for its planned product launch in the United States based on its evaluation of, among other factors, information regarding telaprevir's safety and efficacy and the status of the telaprevir NDA. In periods prior to January 1, 2011, the Company expensed costs associated with telaprevir raw materials, work in process and finished goods as a development expense.

        The Company plans to continue to monitor the status of the telaprevir NDA and the other factors used to determine whether or not to capitalize the telaprevir inventory and, if there are significant negative developments regarding telaprevir, the Company could be required to impair previously capitalized costs. As of March 31, 2011, the Company has not capitalized inventory costs related to its other drug development programs.

I. Restructuring Expense

        In June 2003, Vertex adopted a plan to restructure its operations to coincide with its increasing internal emphasis on advancing drug candidates through clinical development to commercialization. The restructuring was designed to re-balance the Company's relative investments in research and development to better support the Company's long-term strategy. At that time, the restructuring plan included a workforce reduction, write-offs of certain assets and a decision not to occupy approximately 290,000 square feet of specialized laboratory and office space in Cambridge, Massachusetts under lease to Vertex (the "Kendall Square Lease"). The Kendall Square Lease commenced in January 2003 and has a 15-year term. In the second quarter of 2005, the Company revised its assessment of its real estate requirements and decided to use approximately 120,000 square feet of the facility subject to the Kendall Square Lease (the "Kendall Square Facility") for its operations, beginning in 2006. The remaining rentable square footage of the Kendall Square Facility currently is subleased to third parties.

        The restructuring expense incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 relates only to the portion of the Kendall Square Facility that the Company is not occupying and does not intend to occupy for its operations. The remaining lease obligations, which are associated with the portion of the Kendall Square Facility that the Company occupies and uses for its operations, are recorded as rental expense in the period incurred.

        In estimating the expense and liability under its Kendall Square Lease obligation, the Company estimated (i) the costs to be incurred to satisfy rental and build-out commitments under the lease (including operating costs), (ii) the lead-time necessary to sublease the space, (iii) the projected sublease rental rates and (iv) the anticipated durations of subleases. The Company uses a credit-adjusted risk-free rate of approximately 10% to discount the estimated cash flows. The Company reviews its estimates and assumptions on at least a quarterly basis, and intends to continue such reviews until the termination of the Kendall Square Lease, and will make whatever modifications the Company believes necessary, based on the Company's best judgment, to reflect any changed circumstances. The Company's estimates have changed in the past, and may change in the future, resulting in additional adjustments to the estimate of the liability. Changes to the Company's estimate of the liability are

17


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

I. Restructuring Expense (Continued)


recorded as additional restructuring expense/(credit). In addition, because the Company's estimate of the liability includes the application of a discount rate to reflect the time-value of money, the Company will record imputed interest costs related to the liability each quarter. These costs are included in restructuring expense on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations.

        For the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the restructuring expense recorded by the Company was the result of the imputed interest cost relating to the restructuring liability. The activities related to the restructuring liability for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):

 
  Liability as of December 31,
2010
  Cash payments in the first quarter of
2011
  Cash received from subleases in the first quarter of
2011
  Restructuring expense in the first quarter of
2011
  Liability as of March 31,
2011
 

Lease restructuring liability

  $ 29,595   $ (3,736 ) $ 2,195   $ 760   $ 28,814  
                       

 

 
  Liability as of December 31,
2009
  Cash payments in the first quarter of
2010
  Cash received from subleases in the first quarter of
2010
  Restructuring expense in the first quarter of
2010
  Liability as of March 31,
2010
 

Lease restructuring liability

  $ 34,017   $ (3,661 ) $ 2,197   $ 780   $ 33,333  
                       

J. Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2015

        On September 28, 2010, the Company completed an offering of $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.35% convertible senior subordinated notes due 2015. The Company received net proceeds of $391.6 million from this offering. The Company recorded the underwriting discount of $8.0 million and other expenses of $0.4 million related to this offering as debt issuance costs and includes them in other assets on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. The 2015 Notes were issued pursuant to and are governed by the terms of an indenture (as supplemented, the "Indenture").

        The 2015 Notes are convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into common stock at a price equal to approximately $48.83 per share, or 20.4794 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2015 Notes, subject to adjustment. The 2015 Notes bear interest at the rate of 3.35% per annum, and the Company is required to make semi-annual interest payments on the outstanding principal balance of the 2015 Notes on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2011. The 2015 Notes mature on October 1, 2015.

        Prior to October 1, 2013, if the closing price of the Company's common stock has exceeded 130% of the then applicable conversion price for at least 20 trading days within a period of 30 consecutive trading days, the Company may redeem the 2015 Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2015 Notes to be redeemed. If the

18


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

J. Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2015 (Continued)


Company elects to redeem the 2015 Notes prior to October 1, 2013, or the holder elects to convert the 2015 Notes after receiving notice of such redemption, the Company will be obligated to make an additional payment, payable in cash or, subject to certain conditions, shares of the Company's common stock, so that the Company's total interest payments on the 2015 Notes being redeemed and such additional payment shall equal three years of interest. On or after October 1, 2013, the Company may redeem the 2015 Notes at its option, in whole or in part, at the redemption prices stated in the Indenture plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

        Holders may require the Company to repurchase some or all of their 2015 Notes upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes of Vertex, as set forth in the Indenture, at 100% of the principal amount of the 2015 Notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

        If a fundamental change occurs that is also a specific type of change of control under the Indenture, the Company will pay a make-whole premium upon the conversion of the 2015 Notes in connection with any such transaction by increasing the applicable conversion rate on such 2015 Notes. The make-whole premium will be in addition to, and not in substitution for, any cash, securities or other assets otherwise due to holders of the 2015 Notes upon conversion. The make-whole premium will be determined by reference to the Indenture and is based on the date on which the fundamental change becomes effective and the price paid, or deemed to be paid, per share of the Company's common stock in the transaction constituting the fundamental change, subject to adjustment.

        Based on the Company's evaluation of the 2015 Notes, the Company determined that the 2015 Notes contain a single embedded derivative. This embedded derivative relates to potential penalty interest payments that could be imposed on the Company for a failure to comply with its securities reporting obligations pursuant to the 2015 Notes. This embedded derivative required bifurcation because it was not clearly and closely related to the host instrument. The Company has determined that the value of this embedded derivative was nominal as of September 28, 2010, December 31, 2010 and March 31, 2011.

K. Collaborative Arrangements

Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V.

        In June 2006, the Company entered into a collaboration agreement with Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V. ("Janssen") for the development, manufacture and commercialization of telaprevir. Under the agreement, Janssen has agreed to be responsible for 50% of the drug development costs incurred under the development program for the parties' territories (North America for the Company, and the rest of the world, other than the Far East, for Janssen) and has exclusive rights to commercialize telaprevir in its territories, including Europe, South America, the Middle East, Africa and Australia.

        Janssen made a $165.0 million up-front license payment to the Company in July 2006. The up-front license payment is being amortized over the Company's estimated period of performance under the collaboration agreement. The Company's estimates regarding the period of performance under the Janssen collaboration agreement were adjusted in 2007, in the third quarter of 2009 and in the first quarter of 2010, as a result of changes in the global development plan for telaprevir, which

19


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

K. Collaborative Arrangements (Continued)


contemplates the conduct of certain development activities in the post-approval period, if telaprevir is approved for marketing. These adjustments were made on a prospective basis beginning in the periods in which the changes were identified and resulted in a decrease in the amount of revenues the Company recognized from the Janssen agreement by $2.6 million per quarter for the first adjustment, by $1.1 million per quarter for the second adjustment and by $1.4 million per quarter for the third adjustment. As of March 31, 2011, there was $65.2 million in deferred revenues related to this up-front license payment that the Company expects to recognize over the remaining estimated period of performance.

        Under the agreement, Janssen agreed to make contingent milestone payments for successful development, approval and launch of telaprevir as a product. At the inception of the agreement, the Company determined that all of these contingent milestones were substantive and would result in revenues in the period in which the milestone was achieved. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had earned $150.0 million of these contingent milestone payments, including a $50.0 million milestone payment that was earned in the first quarter of 2011 in connection with the European Medicines Agency's ("EMA") acceptance of the marketing authorization application ("MAA") for telaprevir. The remaining $200.0 million in contingent milestones that the Company could achieve under the Janssen agreement consist of $50.0 million related to the approval of telaprevir by the EMA, and $150.0 million related to the launch of telaprevir in the European Union. On September 30, 2009, the Company entered into two financial transactions related to $250.0 million in contingent Janssen milestones, including the $50.0 million milestone payment that was earned in the first quarter of 2011. Please refer to Note M, "September 2009 Financial Transactions," for further information.

        Under the collaboration agreement for telaprevir, each party incurs internal and external reimbursable expenses related to the telaprevir development program and is reimbursed for 50% of these expenses. The Company recognizes the full amount of the reimbursable costs it incurs as research and development expenses on its condensed consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognizes amounts that Janssen is obligated to pay the Company with respect to reimbursable expenses net of reimbursable expenses incurred by Janssen as collaborative revenues. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, Janssen incurred more reimbursable costs than the Company for the first time under the collaboration agreement, and the net amount payable by the Company to reimburse Janssen for expenses for the first quarter of 2011 was recorded as a reduction of collaborative revenues.

        Each of the parties will be responsible for drug supply in their respective territories. The Company has agreed to provide Janssen certain services through the Company's third-party manufacturing network until June 2011. Reimbursements from Janssen for manufacturing services are recorded as collaborative revenues.

        The collaboration agreement with Janssen also provides the Company with royalties on any sales of telaprevir in the Janssen territories, with a tiered royalty averaging in the mid-20% range, as a percentage of net sales in the Janssen territories. In addition, Janssen will be responsible for certain third-party royalties on net sales in its territories. Janssen may terminate the agreement (A) prior to the receipt of marketing approval for telaprevir, without cause at any time upon six months' notice to the Company, or (B) if marketing approval has been obtained, upon the later of (i) one year's advance notice and (ii) such period as may be required to assign and transfer to the Company specified filings

20


Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

K. Collaborative Arrangements (Continued)


and approvals. The agreement also may be terminated by either party for a material breach by the other, subject to notice and cure provisions. Unless earlier terminated, the agreement will continue in effect until the expiration of Janssen's royalty obligations, which expire on a country-by-country basis with the last-to-expire patent covering telaprevir. In the European Union, the Company has a patent covering the composition-of-matter of telaprevir that expires in 2021 and expects to obtain extensions to the term of this patent through 2026.

        During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized the following collaborative revenues attributable to the Janssen collaboration:

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Amortized portion of up-front payment

  $ 3,107   $ 3,107  

Milestone revenues

    50,000      

Net reimbursement (payment) for telaprevir development costs

    (1,145 )   2,406  

Reimbursement for manufacturing services

    4,154     951  
           
 

Total collaborative revenues attributable to the Janssen collaboration

  $ 56,116   $ 6,464  
           

Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation

        In June 2004, the Company entered into a collaboration agreement (the "MTPC Agreement") with Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation ("Mitsubishi Tanabe"), pursuant to which Mitsubishi Tanabe agreed to provide financial and other support for the development and commercialization of telaprevir. Under the terms of the agreement, Mitsubishi Tanabe has the right to develop and commercialize telaprevir in Japan and certain other Far East countries. The MTPC Agreement provided for payments by Mitsubishi Tanabe to the Company through Phase 2 clinical development, including an up-front license fee, development-stage milestone payments and reimbursement of certain drug development costs for telaprevir.

        In July 2009, the Company and Mitsubishi Tanabe amended the MTPC Agreement. Under the amended agreement, Mitsubishi Tanabe paid the Company $105.0 million in the third quarter of 2009, and the Company may receive a further contingent milestone payment ranging from between $15.0 million to $65.0 million. The amended agreement provides to Mitsubishi Tanabe a fully-paid license to manufacture and commercialize telaprevir to treat HCV infection in Japan and specified other countries in the Far East. Mitsubishi Tanabe is responsible for its own development and manufacturing costs in its territory. Mitsubishi Tanabe may terminate the agreement at any time without cause upon 60 days' prior written notice to the Company. The agreement also may be terminated by either party for a material breach by the other, subject to notice and cure provisions. Unless earlier terminated, the agreement will continue in effect until the expiration of the last-to-expire patent covering telaprevir. In Japan, the Company has a patent covering the composition-of-matter of telaprevir that expires in 2021.

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Table of Contents


Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

K. Collaborative Arrangements (Continued)

        Prior to the amendment, the Company recognized revenues based on an amortized portion of the 2004 up-front payment, milestones, if any, and reimbursement of certain of the Company's expenses incurred in telaprevir development. The $105.0 million payment that the Company received in the third quarter of 2009 pursuant to the amended agreement is a nonrefundable, up-front license fee and revenues related to this payment are being recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of performance of the Company's obligations under the amended agreement. As of March 31, 2011, there was $41.4 million in deferred revenues related to this up-front license payment that will be recognized over the remaining period of performance of the Company's obligations under the amended agreement. In connection with the amendment to the MTPC Agreement, the Company agreed to supply manufacturing services to Mitsubishi Tanabe through the Company's third-party manufacturing network.

        During the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company recognized the following collaborative revenues attributable to the Mitsubishi Tanabe collaboration:

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Amortized portion of up-front payments

  $ 9,558   $ 9,558  

Development milestone revenues

    1,212      

Payments for manufacturing services

    715      
           
 

Total collaborative revenues attributable to the Mitsubishi Tanabe collaboration

  $ 11,485   $ 9,558  
           

L. Acquisition of ViroChem Pharma Inc.

        On March 12, 2009, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of ViroChem Pharma Inc. ("ViroChem"), a privately-held biotechnology company based in Canada, for $100.0 million in cash and 10,733,527 shares of the Company's common stock. Vertex acquired ViroChem in order to add two clinical-development stage HCV polymerase inhibitors to Vertex's HCV drug development portfolio. The Company accounted for the transaction under the acquisition method of accounting. The Company recognized all of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction at their acquisition-date fair values and expensed as incurred all transaction costs and restructuring costs associated with the transaction. The intangible assets and goodwill related to the ViroChem acquisition are tested for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1, and more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist.

        All of the intangible assets acquired in the ViroChem acquisition related to in-process research and development assets. The in-process research and development assets primarily related to ViroChem's two clinical-development stage HCV polymerase inhibitors, VX-222 and VX-759. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, VX-222 and VX-759 account for all of the intangible assets reflected on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets with values of $412.9 million and $105.8 million, respectively. The Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets also reflect goodwill that relates to the potential synergies from the possible development of combination therapies involving

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

L. Acquisition of ViroChem Pharma Inc. (Continued)


telaprevir and the acquired drug candidates. No impairment has been found for VX-222 or VX-759 or goodwill since the acquisition date.

        The deferred tax liability of $160.3 million as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 primarily relates to the tax impact of future amortization or impairments associated with the identified intangible assets acquired, which are not deductible for tax purposes.

M. September 2009 Financial Transactions

2012 Notes

        In September 2009, the Company sold $155.0 million in aggregate of secured notes due 2012 (the "2012 Notes") for an aggregate of $122.2 million pursuant to a note purchase agreement with Olmsted Park S.A. (the "Purchaser"). The 2012 Notes were issued pursuant to, and the 2012 Notes are governed by the terms of, an indenture entered into on September 30, 2009 between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee and collateral agent. In connection with the issuance of the 2012 Notes, the Company granted a security interest to the Purchaser with respect to $155.0 million of potential telaprevir milestone payments that the Company was eligible to earn from Janssen for the filing, approval and launch of telaprevir in the European Union.

        The 2012 Notes were issued at a discount and do not pay current interest prior to maturity. The 2012 Notes mature on October 31, 2012, subject to earlier mandatory redemption to the extent specified milestone events set forth in the Company's collaboration with Janssen occur prior to October 31, 2012. In February 2011, the Company received a milestone payment of $50.0 million related to the acceptance of Janssen's MAA for telaprevir by the EMA and subsequently redeemed $50.0 million of 2012 Notes pursuant to the terms of the 2012 Notes.

        As of March 31, 2011, the remaining outstanding aggregate amount of 2012 Notes was $105.0 million. Of the milestone payments that would result in redemption of the outstanding 2012 Notes, $50.0 million relate to the approval of telaprevir by the EMA and $55.0 million relate to the launch of telaprevir in the European Union.

        The holders of the 2012 Notes have the right to cause the Company to repay all or any part of the outstanding 2012 Notes at 100% of the face amount of the 2012 Notes to be repurchased if a change of control of the Company occurs. The Company may also redeem all or any part of the outstanding 2012 Notes at any time at 100% of the face amount of the 2012 Notes to be redeemed. Upon certain events of default occurring and continuing, either the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% of the 2012 Notes then outstanding may declare the 2012 Notes immediately due and payable. In the case of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization relating to the Company, the outstanding amount of the 2012 Notes shall automatically become immediately due and payable.

        The Company has determined that the 2012 Notes contain an embedded derivative related to the potential mandatory redemption or early repayment of the 2012 Notes at the face amount prior to their maturity date. The Company bifurcated the embedded derivative from the 2012 Notes because the features of the embedded derivative were not clearly and closely related to the 2012 Notes.

        The Company determines the fair value of the embedded derivative based on a probability-weighted model of the discounted value that market participants would ascribe to the potential

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

M. September 2009 Financial Transactions (Continued)


mandatory redemption and early repayment features of the outstanding 2012 Notes. The fair value of this embedded derivative is evaluated quarterly, with any changes in the fair value of the embedded derivative resulting in a corresponding loss or gain. Changes in the fair value of the embedded derivative that result in a loss increase the liability each quarter by an amount corresponding to the loss, and changes in the fair value of the embedded derivative that result in a gain decrease the liability each quarter by an amount corresponding to the gain. The Company records quarterly interest expense related to the 2012 Notes determined using the effective interest rate method. The liabilities related to the 2012 Notes, including the embedded derivative, are reflected together on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, these liabilities were reflected as current.

Sale of Future Milestone Payments

        On September 30, 2009, the Company entered into two purchase agreements with the Purchaser pursuant to which the Company sold its rights to an aggregate of $95.0 million in potential future milestone payments under the Janssen agreement related to the launch of telaprevir in the European Union, for nonrefundable payments totaling $32.8 million. The purchase agreements contain representations, warranties, covenants and indemnification obligations of each party, including the obligation of the Company to make the milestone payments to the Purchaser when the underlying milestone events are achieved if the Janssen agreement has been terminated.

        The Company determined that this sale of a potential future revenue stream should be accounted for as a liability because the Company has significant continuing involvement in the generation of the potential milestone payments pursuant to its collaboration agreement with Janssen. As a result, the Company recorded a liability on its condensed consolidated balance sheets equal to the fair value of the purchase agreements. No revenues or deferred revenues have been recorded on account of the amounts that the Company received from the Purchaser pursuant to these purchase agreements. In addition, the Company determined that the purchase agreements are free-standing derivative instruments. The aggregate fair value of the free-standing derivatives created by the sale of the rights to future milestone payments to the Purchaser pursuant to the purchase agreements is based on a probability-weighted model of the discounted value that market participants would ascribe to these rights. The models used to estimate the fair value of the rights sold to the Purchaser pursuant to the purchase agreements require the Company to make estimates regarding, among other things, the assumptions market participants would make regarding the timing and probability of achieving the milestones and the appropriate discount rates. The fair value of the rights sold to the Purchaser pursuant to the purchase agreements will be evaluated each reporting period, with any changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments based on the probability of achieving the milestones, the timing of achieving the milestones or discount rates resulting in a corresponding gain or loss. Because the Company's estimate of the fair value of the rights to the future milestone payments includes the application of a discount rate to reflect the time-value of money, the Company expects to record costs related to this liability each quarter. As of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, this liability was reflected as current.

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

M. September 2009 Financial Transactions (Continued)

Expenses and Liabilities Related to September 2009 Financial Transactions

        The tables below set forth the total expenses related to the September 2009 financial transactions for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the liabilities reflected on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets related to these transactions as of March 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The liabilities for the 2012 Notes, including the fair value of the embedded derivative, decreased from December 31, 2010 to March 31, 2011 as a result of redemption of $50.0 million of 2012 Notes in the first quarter of 2011. The liability related to the sale of potential future milestone payments increased from December 31, 2010 to March 31, 2011 principally due to revised estimates regarding the probability of achieving the milestones related to the potential launch of telaprevir in the European Union in connection with the EMA's acceptance of the MAA for telaprevir in the first quarter of 2011.

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Expenses and Losses (Gains):

             
 

Interest expense related to 2012 Notes

  $ 7,934   $ 3,583  
 

Change in fair value of embedded derivative related to 2012 Notes

    (1,496 )   320  
 

Change in fair value of free-standing derivatives related to sale of potential future milestone payments

    7,094     1,169  
           
   

Total September 2009 financial transaction expenses

  $ 13,532   $ 5,072  
           

 

 
  March 31,
2011
  December 31,
2010
 
 
  (in thousands)
 

Liabilities:

             
 

2012 Notes, excluding fair value of embedded derivative

  $ 87,109   $ 124,902  
 

Embedded derivative related to 2012 Notes

    4,991     12,089  
 

Liability related to the sale of potential future milestone payments

    84,893     77,799  
           
   

Total liabilities related to September 2009 financial transactions

  $ 176,993   $ 214,790  
           

N. Sale of HIV Protease Inhibitor Royalty Stream

        In 2008, the Company sold to a third party its rights to receive royalty payments from GlaxoSmithKline plc, net of royalty amounts to be earned and due to a third party, for a one-time cash payment of $160.0 million. These royalty payments relate to net sales of HIV protease inhibitors, which had been developed pursuant to a collaboration agreement between the Company and GlaxoSmithKline. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had $108.8 million in deferred revenues related

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

N. Sale of HIV Protease Inhibitor Royalty Stream (Continued)


to the one-time cash payment, which it is recognizing over the life of the collaboration agreement with GlaxoSmithKline based on the units-of-revenue method. In addition, the Company continues to recognize royalty revenues equal to the amount of the third-party subroyalty and an offsetting royalty expense for the third-party subroyalty payment.

O. Credit Agreement

        On January 7, 2011, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent and lender. The credit agreement provides for a $100.0 million revolving credit facility that is initially unsecured. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had not borrowed any amount under the credit agreement.

        The Company may elect that the loans under the credit agreement bear interest at a rate per annum equal to (i) LIBOR plus 1.50%, or (ii) the rate of interest publicly announced from time to time by Bank of America as its prime rate. The Company may prepay the loans, in whole or in part, in minimum amounts without premium or penalty, other than customary breakage costs with respect to LIBOR borrowings. The Company may borrow, repay and reborrow under the facility until July 6, 2012, at which point the facility terminates.

        The agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default, including payment defaults, defaults for breaches of representations and warranties, covenant defaults and cross defaults. The credit agreement also requires that the Company comply with certain financial covenants, including a covenant that requires the Company to maintain at least $400.0 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in domestic deposit and securities accounts, and a covenant that limits the Company's quarterly net losses.

        The obligations of the lender to make an initial advance under the credit agreement are subject to a number of conditions, including a satisfactory due diligence review of the Company's financial position and business. Also, if, prior to an initial borrowing under the credit agreement, the Company engages in certain investment, acquisition or disposition transactions or prepays indebtedness, such activities could restrict the Company's ability to borrow under the credit agreement.

        If the Company borrows under the credit agreement, the Company will become subject to certain additional negative covenants, subject to exceptions, restricting or limiting the Company's ability and the ability of the Company's subsidiaries to, among other things, grant liens, make certain investments, incur indebtedness, make certain dispositions and prepay indebtedness.

        If the Company defaults under certain provisions of the credit agreement, including any default of a financial covenant, the loans will become secured by the Company's cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities with a margined value of $100.0 million. In addition, if an event of default occurs, the interest rate would increase and the administrative agent would be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of payment of amounts due under the loan.

P. Guarantees

        As permitted under Massachusetts law, the Company's Articles of Organization and Bylaws provide that the Company will indemnify certain of its officers and directors for certain claims asserted

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

P. Guarantees (Continued)


against them in connection with their service as an officer or director. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is unlimited. However, the Company has purchased directors' and officers' liability insurance policies that could reduce its monetary exposure and enable it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. No indemnification claims are currently outstanding and the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification arrangements is minimal.

        The Company customarily agrees in the ordinary course of its business to indemnification provisions in agreements with clinical trial investigators and sites in its drug development programs, in sponsored research agreements with academic and not-for-profit institutions, in various comparable agreements involving parties performing services for the Company, and in its real estate leases. The Company also customarily agrees to certain indemnification provisions in its drug discovery, development and commercialization collaboration agreements. With respect to the Company's clinical trials and sponsored research agreements, these indemnification provisions typically apply to any claim asserted against the investigator or the investigator's institution relating to personal injury or property damage, violations of law or certain breaches of the Company's contractual obligations arising out of the research or clinical testing of the Company's compounds or drug candidates. With respect to lease agreements, the indemnification provisions typically apply to claims asserted against the landlord relating to personal injury or property damage caused by the Company, to violations of law by the Company or to certain breaches of the Company's contractual obligations. The indemnification provisions appearing in the Company's collaboration agreements are similar, but in addition provide some limited indemnification for its collaborator in the event of third-party claims alleging infringement of intellectual property rights. In each of the cases above, the indemnification obligation generally survives the termination of the agreement for some extended period, although the obligation typically has the most relevance during the contract term and for a short period of time thereafter. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these provisions is generally unlimited. The Company has purchased insurance policies covering personal injury, property damage and general liability that reduce its exposure for indemnification and would enable it in many cases to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company has never paid any material amounts to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification provisions. Accordingly, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification arrangements is minimal.

        The Company entered into underwriting agreements with Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated dated February 12, 2008, February 18, 2009 and September 23, 2010, and with Goldman, Sachs & Co. dated September 18, 2008 and December 2, 2009 (collectively, the "Underwriting Agreements"), in each case as the representative of the several underwriters, if any, named in such agreements, relating to the public offering and sale of shares of the Company's common stock or convertible senior subordinated notes. The Underwriting Agreement relating to each offering requires the Company to indemnify the underwriters of that public offering against any loss they may suffer by reason of the Company's breach of any representation or warranty relating to that public offering, the Company's failure to perform certain covenants in those agreements, the inclusion of any untrue statement of material fact in the prospectus used in connection with that offering, the omission of any material fact needed to make those materials not misleading, and any actions taken by the Company or its representatives in connection with the offering. The representations, warranties, covenants and

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Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

P. Guarantees (Continued)


indemnification provisions in the Underwriting Agreements are of a type customary in agreements of this sort. The Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification arrangements is minimal.

Q. Contingencies

        The Company has certain contingent liabilities that arise in the ordinary course of its business activities. The Company accrues a reserve for contingent liabilities when it is probable that future expenditures will be made and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. There were no material contingent liabilities accrued as of March 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.

R. Subsequent Event

        In May 2011, the Company entered into leases for approximately 1.1 million square feet of office and laboratory space in two buildings to be built in Boston, Massachusetts. The Company expects the leases will commence upon completion of the buildings, scheduled for late 2013, and will extend for 15 years from the lease commencement date. The leases will terminate automatically if the Company does not obtain approval to market telaprevir in the United States by December 31, 2011. Pursuant to the leases, the Company will pay an average of approximately $72.5 million per year in aggregate rent, exclusive of operating expenses, for both buildings during the initial 15 year term of the leases. The Company has an option to extend the term of the leases for an additional ten years.

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Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

        We are in the business of discovering, developing and commercializing small molecule drugs for the treatment of serious diseases. In November 2010, we submitted a new drug application, or NDA, requesting approval to market telaprevir in the United States for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus, or HCV, infection. We expect to obtain approval for and initiate sales of telaprevir in the United States in 2011. In the first quarter of 2011, we announced positive results from the Phase 3 clinical trials of VX-770, the lead drug candidate in our cystic fibrosis, or CF, program. We expect to submit an NDA in the United States and a marketing authorization application, or MAA, in the European Union for VX-770 in the second half of 2011. We plan to continue investing in our research and development programs and to develop and commercialize selected drug candidates that emerge from those programs, alone or with third-party collaborators.

Business Focus

        We are focused on obtaining approval for and commercializing telaprevir in the United States, while continuing to advance our other drug candidates and invest in our research programs. In January 2011, we received priority review designation for the telaprevir NDA from the United States Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, which established an anticipated timeframe for the FDA to review the telaprevir NDA that ends on May 23, 2011. On April 28, 2011, the FDA's Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee, which provides non-binding recommendations for consideration by the FDA, voted unanimously (18-0) to recommend that the FDA approve telaprevir. The FDA's regulatory review process for the telaprevir NDA includes, among other things, a detailed review by the FDA of the data and information contained in the NDA, meetings and frequent communications between us and representatives of the FDA, and FDA inspections, including inspections of clinical trial sites and third-party facilities used to manufacture telaprevir. If applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied, the FDA could refuse to approve or delay the approval of the telaprevir NDA. If we are successful in obtaining approval for telaprevir within the anticipated timeframe, we expect to begin marketing telaprevir in the United States in mid-2011. Our collaborator, Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V., or Janssen, is responsible for the commercialization of telaprevir in its territories, including the European Union, and is obligated to pay us royalties on its net sales of telaprevir. Janssen obtained accelerated assessment for its MAA for telaprevir from the European Medicines Agency, or EMA, in December 2010 and is seeking to obtain approval for and launch telaprevir in the European Union in the second half of 2011.

        In order to execute our business plan and achieve profitability, we need to obtain approval for telaprevir in a timely manner and successfully commercialize telaprevir in the United States. We expect that we will incur substantial expenses in this effort, while at the same time we plan to continue diversified research and development efforts for our other drug candidates and to expand our organization. We may seek to borrow working capital if such financing is available to us. Although we have no plans to do so in the near term, we may raise additional capital from public offerings or private placements of our securities, from new collaborative agreements or through other methods of financing, particularly if approval of telaprevir is delayed or commercialization takes longer than expected. We cannot be sure that financing opportunities will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be required to significantly curtail or discontinue one or more of our research or development programs, including clinical trials, which could involve significant cash exit costs, or attempt to obtain funds through arrangements with collaborators or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our drug candidates.

        Successful commercialization of telaprevir if it is approved will require: effective marketing, distribution and pricing strategies; infrastructure to support commercial sales; appropriate and sustained

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levels of drug product inventory of telaprevir and the third-party drug products to be administered with telaprevir; company-wide processes and systems to support compliance with applicable laws and regulations and post-marketing safety evaluations; and an effective sales force and managed markets organization to promote telaprevir to health care providers and payors. For longer-term success we also will need to ensure that a significant portion of the HCV-infected population that currently is undiagnosed is diagnosed and treated. Recently, we significantly expanded our commercial organization in the United States, hiring an experienced management team and approximately 175 field-based employees, preparing our initial marketing strategies, and designing and implementing the infrastructure required to support commercial sales of telaprevir in the United States. We believe that our commercial organization is prepared for the potential commercial launch of telaprevir in the United States. We also are seeking to obtain Canadian regulatory approval for telaprevir in the second half of 2011 and have started building the commercial infrastructure that will be required to market telaprevir in Canada. We expect that the market for the treatment of patients with HCV infection will be highly competitive and may initially include boceprevir, an HCV protease inhibitor that is being evaluated by the FDA concurrently with telaprevir.

        In addition to telaprevir and VX-770, we have ongoing Phase 2 clinical programs involving drug candidates intended for the treatment of HCV infection, CF, rheumatoid arthritis and epilepsy. We believe that our longer-term success will depend on our ability to continue to generate and develop innovative compounds. To that end, we expect to continue to focus on research programs directed toward the identification of new drug candidates for the treatment of serious diseases.

Recent Developments

        On April 28, 2011, the Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee to the FDA voted unanimously (18-0) to recommend that the FDA approve telaprevir for treatment of treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV infection in combination with pegylated-interferon, or peg-IFN, and ribavirin, or RBV. On April 27, 2011, the Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee to the FDA recommended approval of Merck & Co, Inc.'s HCV protease inhibitor boceprevir for treatment of patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV infection in combination with peg-IFN and RBV. The Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee's recommendations are not binding on the FDA. We intend to use INCIVEK™ as the trade name for telaprevir in the United States, if approved.

        We are evaluating VX-770 in two Phase 3 clinical trials, which are referred to as STRIVE and ENVISION, in patients with CF who have a G551D mutation. STRIVE was designed to evaluate patients 12 years of age and older and ENVISION was designed to evaluate children 6 to 11 years of age. In these randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group clinical trials, patients receive either VX-770 or placebo for 48 weeks. The STRIVE clinical trial is complete and all patients in ENVISION have completed at least 24 weeks of treatment with VX-770 or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint for these trials is mean absolute change from baseline compared to placebo in percent predicted FEV1, which is a test used to evaluate lung function. The following FEV1 data was observed in STRIVE and ENVISION:

Clinical Trial   Measurement   Week 24   Week 48
STRIVE
(162 patients)
  Mean Absolute Improvement in FEV1
Compared to Placebo
  10.6% (p<0.0001)   10.5% (p<0.0001)

ENVISION
(52 patients)

 

Mean Absolute Improvement in FEV1
Compared to Placebo

 

12.5% (p<0.0001)

 

Data Expected Mid-2011

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        Significant improvements in secondary endpoints, including weight gain and a reduction in sweat chloride levels, were observed in the VX-770 treatment arms in STRIVE through week 48 and in ENVISION through week 24. The baseline sweat chloride levels for the treatment groups in STRIVE and ENVISION were approximately 100 mmol/L. Patients with CF typically have elevated sweat chloride levels in excess of 60 mmol/L, while normal values are less than 40 mmol/L. In STRIVE and ENVISION through week 48 and week 24, respectively, mean sweat chloride levels for patients treated with VX-770 were below 60 mmol/L. Significant decreases in sweat chloride were not observed among those in the placebo groups.

        In STRIVE, adverse events that were 5 percent greater among those treated with VX-770 compared to placebo were headache, upper respiratory tract infections, nasal congestion, rash, dizziness and bacteria in the sputum. The most commonly reported serious adverse events included: pulmonary exacerbation, 13% in the VX-770 treatment arm compared to 33% in the placebo arm; and bloody cough, 1% in the VX-770 treatment arm and 5% in the placebo arm. Discontinuations through 48 weeks due to adverse events were 1% in the VX-770 treatment arm compared to 5% in the placebo arm.

        In ENVISION, the most commonly reported adverse events through week 24 were respiratory in nature and comparable between patients receiving VX-770 and patients in the placebo arm. The most commonly reported adverse events included cough, headache, pulmonary exacerbation, throat pain, and vomiting. Pulmonary exacerbations were uncommon in ENVISION regardless of treatment arm. There were no discontinuations due to adverse events in either treatment arm of the clinical trial through 24 weeks. The ENVISION safety and efficacy evaluations are ongoing and will continue through the 48-week period during which patients will receive VX-770 or placebo.

        In March 2011, we announced interim data from an ongoing Phase 2a clinical trial in patients with genotype 1 HCV designed to evaluate response-guided combination treatment regimens of telaprevir and VX-222. The primary endpoint of this trial is safety and tolerability and secondary endpoints are on-treatment antiviral activity and the proportion of people in each treatment arm who achieve a sustained viral response. This trial originally included two treatment arms of patients examining two-drug treatment regimens consisting of telaprevir and VX-222 and two treatment arms of patients examining four-drug treatment regimens consisting of telaprevir, VX-222, peg-IFN and RBV. In the fourth quarter of 2010, we discontinued both of the two-drug treatment arms because patients in those arms met a pre-defined stopping rule related to viral breakthrough. In the first quarter of 2011, we added a treatment arm to the clinical trial to evaluate an all-oral, three-drug regimen of VX-222, telaprevir and RBV in patients with genotype 1b HCV infection.

        Preliminary safety data from the 106 patients enrolled in this clinical trial showed the most frequent adverse events observed were mild gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and mild fatigue. Based on the preliminary safety data, there were two serious adverse events considered by the investigators to be potentially related to study medication: one patient discontinued due to acute renal failure, which resolved after study medications were discontinued, and one patient discontinued due to anemia. There were four additional treatment discontinuations, consisting of one serious adverse event considered by the investigator to be unrelated to the study medication, two attributable to rash and one attributable to a car accident.

        The interim analysis included an analysis of available on-treatment antiviral activity data from the two four-drug treatment arms. Of the patients receiving four-drug treatment regimens, 27 of 30 patients, or 90%, who received the higher dose of VX-222 and 24 of 29 patients, or 83%, who received the lower dose of VX-222 had undetectable HCV levels after 12 weeks of treatment. In the treatment arm receiving the higher dose of VX-222, 15 of 30 patients, or 50%, were undetectable at both week 2

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and week 8 and were eligible to stop all treatment after 12 weeks. In the treatment arm receiving the lower dose of VX-222, 11 of 29 patients, or 38%, were undetectable at both week 2 and week 8 and were eligible to stop all treatment after 12 weeks. No viral breakthrough was observed through week 12 among patients receiving the four-drug combinations. Sustained viral response data from the patients in this Phase 2a clinical trial is not yet available.

        In the first quarter of 2011, we announced results from a Phase 2a clinical trial of VX-765 that enrolled 60 patients with treatment-resistant partial onset epilepsy, which is a type of epilepsy in which seizures start in a specific part of the brain. The primary endpoint of this clinical trial was safety and tolerability, and results showed a similar safety profile for VX-765 compared to placebo. Secondary endpoints and additional analyses evaluated the clinical activity of VX-765, and we believe the results support the initiation of a larger and longer-duration Phase 2b clinical trial of VX-765. We expect to begin this clinical trial as early as the fourth quarter of 2011.

        In April 2011, we expanded our collaboration with Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics Incorporated, or CFFT. Under the expanded collaboration, CFFT will provide up to $75.0 million in financial support over approximately five years for development activities for VX-661, a second corrector compound discovered under the collaboration, and additional research and development activities directed at discovering new corrector compounds. We retain the rights to develop and commercialize VX-770, VX-809, VX-661 and any other compounds discovered during the course of the research collaboration with CFFT. We will pay royalties to CFFT on the net sales of any approved drugs discovered in the collaboration.

Drug Development and Commercialization

        Discovery and development of a new pharmaceutical product is a difficult and lengthy process that requires significant financial resources along with extensive technical and regulatory expertise and can take 10 to 15 years or more. Throughout this entire process, potential drug candidates are subjected to rigorous evaluation, driven in part by stringent regulatory considerations, designed to generate information concerning efficacy, side-effects, proper dosage levels and a variety of other physical and chemical characteristics that are important in determining whether a drug candidate should be approved for marketing as a pharmaceutical product. Most chemical compounds that are investigated as potential drug candidates never progress into formal development, and most drug candidates that do advance into formal development never achieve marketing approval. Because our investments are subject to considerable risks, we closely monitor the results of our discovery research, clinical trials and nonclinical studies, and frequently evaluate our drug development programs in light of new data and scientific, business and commercial insights, with the objective of balancing risk and potential. This process can result in relatively abrupt changes in focus and priority as new information becomes available and we gain additional understanding of our ongoing programs and potential new programs.

        If we complete a registration program for a drug candidate and believe the data support approval of the drug candidate, we generally would submit an NDA to the FDA requesting approval to market the drug candidate in the United States. We or our collaborators also generally would seek analogous approvals from comparable regulatory authorities in foreign jurisdictions. To obtain approval, we must, among other things, demonstrate with evidence gathered in nonclinical studies and well-controlled clinical trials that the drug candidate is safe and effective for the disease it is intended to treat and that the manufacturing facilities, processes and controls for the manufacture of the drug candidate are adequate. The FDA and foreign regulatory authorities will have substantial discretion in deciding whether or not a drug candidate should be granted approval based on the benefits and risks of the

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drug candidate in the treatment of a particular disease, and could delay, limit or deny regulatory approval. If regulatory delays are significant or regulatory approval is limited or denied altogether, our financial results and the commercial prospects for the drug candidate involved will be harmed.

        We believe that by focusing on serious diseases and innovative drugs that have the potential to provide significant advantages over existing therapies, we can increase the likelihood that our drug candidates, if approved, will be commercially successful. We believe that telaprevir will have a commercially competitive profile and that there is a significant group of patients with genotype 1 HCV infection that may be willing to seek treatment with a telaprevir-based treatment regimen. VX-770, if approved, would be the first drug designed to treat the underlying cause of CF in any patient population. However, we cannot accurately predict the product revenues that will be generated if telaprevir and/or VX-770 receive regulatory approval, and we may need to adjust our business plan as we obtain additional information regarding our actual product revenues. Even drugs that achieve initial market acceptance may then be rendered obsolete or noncompetitive by the introduction of additional therapies, expiration of intellectual property protections or introduction of generic competition. Approved drugs continue to be subject, among other things, to numerous regulatory risks, post-approval safety monitoring and risks related to supply chain disruptions.

        We will require a supply of telaprevir for sale in North America and a supply of VX-770 for sale worldwide if we are successful in obtaining marketing approval for either or both of these drug candidates. We rely on an international network of third parties to manufacture and distribute our drug candidates for clinical trials, and we expect that we will continue to rely on third parties for the foreseeable future to meet our commercial supply needs for any of our drug candidates that are approved for sale. Third-party contract manufacturers, including some in China, supply us with raw materials, and contract manufacturers in the European Union and the United States convert these raw materials into drug substance, and convert the drug substance into final dosage form. Establishing and managing this global supply chain requires a significant financial commitment and the creation and maintenance of numerous third-party relationships. Although we attempt to effectively manage the business relationships with companies in our supply chain, we do not have complete control over their activities.

        We have not marketed pharmaceutical products before, and prior to 2010 we had a relatively small commercial organization. As a result, in the past many of the regulations related to the marketing of pharmaceutical products have had limited applicability to our business. As we have expanded our commercial organization, we have focused on implementing a comprehensive compliance program to actively identify, prevent and mitigate risk through the implementation of compliance policies and systems and by promoting a culture of compliance. Among other laws, regulations and standards, we are subject to various federal and state laws pertaining to health care fraud and abuse, including anti-kickback and false claims statutes. Anti-kickback laws make it illegal for a prescription drug manufacturer to solicit, offer, receive, or pay any remuneration in exchange for, or to induce, the referral of business, including the purchase or prescription of a particular drug. False claims laws prohibit anyone from presenting for payment to third-party payors, including Medicare and Medicaid, claims for reimbursed drugs or services that are false or fraudulent, claims for items or services not provided as claimed, or claims for medically unnecessary items or services. In 2011, we expect to continue to devote substantial resources to maintain and administer these compliance programs.

Corporate Collaborations and Business Development Activities

        Corporate collaborations have been and will continue to be an important component of our business strategy. Business development opportunities have provided us with drug candidates and important research resources that have contributed to a number of the drug candidates in our current development pipeline. For example, VX-770, VX-809 and VX-661 were discovered in our ongoing collaboration with CFFT, and telaprevir was discovered during a collaboration, now ended, with Eli

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Lilly and Company. We have agreed to pay Eli Lilly a low single-digit royalty calculated as a percentage of net sales of telaprevir. Under our agreement with CFFT we expect to pay tiered royalties ranging from the high single digits to the sub-teens, calculated as a percentage of annual net sales of VX-770. We expect to pay the royalty to Eli Lilly during the term of the patents covering the composition-of-matter of telaprevir, which are scheduled to expire in the United States in 2025 and in Japan in 2021. Janssen is responsible for this royalty payment in its territories. In the future, we may seek to license or acquire drugs, drug candidates and other technologies that have the potential to strengthen our development pipeline, drug discovery platform or commercial opportunities.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

        Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported periods. These items are monitored and analyzed by management for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. Changes in estimates are reflected in reported results for the period in which the change occurs. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates if past experience or other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate. During the three months ended March 31, 2011, there were no material changes to our critical accounting policies as reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

Results of Operations—Three Months Ended March 31, 2011 Compared with Three Months Ended March 31, 2010

 
  Three Months Ended March 31,   Increase/
(Decrease)
  Increase/
(Decrease)
 
 
  2011   2010   $   %  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Revenues

  $ 73,662   $ 22,429   $ 51,233     228 %

Operating costs and expenses

    233,561     182,711     50,850     28 %

Non-operating expenses

    16,197     4,989     11,208     225 %

Net loss

  $ 176,096   $ 165,271   $ 10,825     7 %

Net Loss

        Our net loss in the first quarter of 2011 increased by $10.8 million, or 7%, as compared to our net loss in the first quarter of 2010. Significant increases in our operating costs and expenses and non-operating expenses in the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 were largely offset by an increase in revenues due to the recognition of $50.0 million in milestone revenues under our collaboration agreement with Janssen in the first quarter of 2011.

Net Loss per Share

        Our net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2011 was $0.87 per basic and diluted common share compared to $0.83 per basic and diluted common share for the three months ended March 31, 2010. This increase in net loss per common share for the first quarter of 2011 compared to the first quarter of 2010 was the result of an increase in our net loss partially offset by a small increase in the

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basic and diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding from 198.9 million to 202.3 million.

Stock-based Compensation and Certain Other Expenses

        The comparison of our costs and expenses during the first quarters of 2011 and 2010 reflects changes in our levels of stock-based compensation expense and expense related to our September 2009 financial transactions. Our stock-based compensation expense has increased due to the expansion of our workforce and increased expenses related to equity awards that include performance-based accelerated vesting provisions. The stock-based compensation expense related to the equity awards with performance-based accelerators has increased principally due to the positive data that we have obtained from our registration programs for telaprevir and VX-770 beginning in the second quarter of 2010. In the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we incurred $13.5 million and $5.1 million, respectively, in non-cash expenses related to financial transactions that we completed in September 2009.

        Our costs and expenses in the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010 included the following:

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Stock-based compensation expense

  $ 27,879   $ 19,333  

Restructuring expense

    760     780  

September 2009 financial transaction-related expenses

    13,532     5,072  

Revenues

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
  Increase/
(Decrease)
  Increase/
(Decrease)
 
 
  2011   2010   $   %  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Royalty revenues

  $ 6,061   $ 6,407   $ (346 )   (5 )%

Collaborative revenues

    67,601     16,022     51,579     322 %
                     
 

Total revenues

  $ 73,662   $ 22,429   $ 51,233     228 %
                     

        Our total revenues in recent periods have consisted primarily of collaborative revenues, which have fluctuated significantly on a quarterly basis. This variability has been due to, among other things: the timing of recognition of significant milestone revenues; the variable level of net reimbursement we have received in the telaprevir development program from Janssen; and revenues from services we provided to our telaprevir collaborators through our third-party manufacturing network. If we are successful in obtaining approval for telaprevir by May 23, 2011, the FDA's target date to review our NDA submission, we expect to begin recognizing product revenues from sales of telaprevir in the United States in mid-2011.

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        The table presented below is a summary of revenues from our collaborative arrangements for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010:

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
 

Janssen

  $ 56,116   $ 6,464  

Mitsubishi Tanabe

    11,485     9,558  
           
 

Total collaborative revenues

  $ 67,601   $ 16,022  
           

        We recognized $50.0 million in milestone revenues under our collaboration agreement with Janssen in the first quarter of 2011 related to the acceptance of the filing of the MAA for telaprevir. The $50.0 milestone payment was applied toward the redemption of $50.0 million of 2012 Notes as required pursuant to the terms of the 2012 Notes. In the remainder of 2011, it is possible that we will achieve one or more of the additional $200.0 million in potential Janssen milestone payments related to the approval and launch of telaprevir in the European Union. We are obligated to apply the proceeds from the next $105.0 million of these milestone payments toward the redemption of the remaining $105.0 million of 2012 Notes. The final $95.0 million in milestone payments related to the potential launch of telaprevir in the European Union are to be paid by Janssen directly to the purchaser of these milestone payments.

        In each of the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recognized $9.6 million of deferred revenues from Mitsubishi Tanabe related to a one-time payment of $105.0 million that we received in 2009. We expect to continue recognizing $9.6 million of deferred revenues each quarter from the one-time payment of $105.0 million through the first quarter of 2012.

        Our royalty revenues relate to sales by GlaxoSmithKline plc of HIV protease inhibitors that were discovered and developed pursuant to our collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline. In 2008, we sold our right to receive future royalties from GlaxoSmithKline with respect to these HIV protease inhibitors, excluding the portion allocated to pay a subroyalty on these net sales to a third party, in return for a one-time cash payment. We deferred the recognition of revenues from this sale and are recognizing these deferred revenues over the term of our agreement with GlaxoSmithKline under the units-of-revenue method. We recognize additional royalty revenues equal to the amount of a third-party subroyalty and an offsetting royalty expense for the third-party subroyalty payment.

        If Janssen is successful in obtaining approval for telaprevir, it will pay us royalties on sales of telaprevir in Janssen's territories. Janssen has obtained accelerated assessment for its MAA for telaprevir and is seeking to obtain approval for and launch telaprevir in the European Union in the second half of 2011. We will not receive any royalties from Mitsubishi Tanabe on sales of telaprevir in its territories.

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Costs and Expenses

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
  Increase/
(Decrease)
  Increase/
(Decrease)
 
 
  2011   2010   $   %  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Research and development expenses

  $ 158,612   $ 143,012   $ 15,600     11 %

Sales, general and administrative expenses

    71,523     35,552     35,971     101 %

Royalty expenses

    2,666     3,367     (701 )   (21 )%

Restructuring expense

    760     780     (20 )   (3 )%
                     
 

Total costs and expenses

  $ 233,561   $ 182,711   $ 50,850     28 %
                     

        Our operating costs and expenses primarily relate to our research and development expenses and our sales, general and administrative expenses. Our research and development expenses have been increasing due to the expanding scope of activities related to the development of and regulatory submissions for our clinical drug candidates. Our sales, general and administrative expenses have been increasing substantially as we increase our headcount and expand our capabilities in preparation for the potential commercial launch of telaprevir.

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
  Increase/
(Decrease)
  Increase/
(Decrease)
 
 
  2011   2010   $   %  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Research expenses

  $ 51,371   $ 45,954   $ 5,417     12 %

Development expenses

    107,241     97,058     10,183     10 %
                     
 

Total research and development expenses

  $ 158,612   $ 143,012   $ 15,600     11 %
                     

        Our research and development expenses include internal and external costs incurred for our drug candidates, including telaprevir and VX-770. We do not assign our internal costs, such as salary and benefits, stock-based compensation expense, laboratory supplies and infrastructure costs, to individual drug candidates, because the employees within our research and development groups typically are deployed across multiple research and development programs. These internal costs are significantly greater than our external costs, such as the costs of services provided to us by clinical research organizations and other outsourced research, which we do allocate by individual drug development program. All research and development costs for our drug candidates are expensed as incurred.

        To date, we have incurred in excess of $4.1 billion in research and development expenses associated with drug discovery and development. The successful development of our drug candidates is highly uncertain and subject to a number of risks. In addition, the duration of clinical trials may vary substantially according to the type, complexity and novelty of the drug candidate and the disease indication being targeted. The FDA and comparable agencies in foreign countries impose substantial requirements on the introduction of therapeutic pharmaceutical products, typically requiring lengthy and detailed laboratory and clinical testing procedures, sampling activities and other costly and time-consuming procedures. Data obtained from nonclinical and clinical activities at any step in the testing process may be adverse and lead to discontinuation or redirection of development activity. Data obtained from these activities also are susceptible to varying interpretations, which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. The duration and cost of discovery, nonclinical studies and clinical trials may vary significantly over the life of a project and are difficult to predict. Therefore, accurate and meaningful estimates of the ultimate costs to bring our drug candidates to market are not available.

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        Over the last several years costs related to telaprevir have represented the largest portion of the development costs for our clinical drug candidates. We have completed the registration program for telaprevir, but expect to continue to incur telaprevir development costs in connection with seeking regulatory approval for telaprevir and conducting additional clinical trials. We expect to begin generating revenues and cash flows from sales of telaprevir in mid-2011. In addition, we are planning to submit an NDA and an MAA for VX-770 in the second half of 2011. Our other drug candidates are less advanced and, as a result, any estimates regarding development and regulatory timelines for these drug candidates are highly subjective and subject to change. We cannot make a meaningful estimate when, if ever, these drug candidates, including the drug candidates we acquired from ViroChem, will generate revenues and cash flows.

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
   
 
 
  Increase/
(Decrease)
$
  Increase/
(Decrease)
%
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Research Expenses:

                         
 

Salary and benefits

  $ 17,952   $ 16,485   $ 1,467     9 %
 

Stock-based compensation expense

    6,255     5,648     607     11 %
 

Laboratory supplies and other direct expenses

    7,789     7,700     89     1 %
 

Contractual services

    3,014     2,938     76     3 %
 

Infrastructure costs

    16,361     13,183     3,178     24 %
                     
   

Total research expenses

  $ 51,371   $ 45,954   $ 5,417     12 %
                     

        We have maintained a substantial investment in research activities with changes in various categories of expense resulting in a 12% increase in research expenses in the first quarter of 2011 as compared to the first quarter of 2010. We expect to continue to invest in our research programs in an effort to identify additional drug candidates.

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
   
 
 
  Increase/
(Decrease)
$
  Increase/
(Decrease)
%
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Development Expenses:

                         
 

Salary and benefits

  $ 29,784   $ 24,987   $ 4,797     19 %
 

Stock-based compensation expense

    12,294     8,672     3,622     42 %
 

Laboratory supplies and other direct expenses

    7,349     6,233     1,116     18 %
 

Contractual services

    28,491     22,221     6,270     28 %
 

Commercial supply costs

    5,714     16,475     (10,761 )   (65 )%
 

Infrastructure costs

    23,609     18,470     5,139     28 %
                     
   

Total development expenses

  $ 107,241   $ 97,058   $ 10,183     10 %
                     

        In the first quarter of 2010, our commercial supply costs included both costs of raw materials and work in process that we were producing for the potential commercial launch of telaprevir and costs of manufacturing services that we provided our collaborators through our third-party manufacturing network. On January 1, 2011, we began to capitalize our telaprevir inventory, which resulted in a $10.8 million decrease in the commercial supply costs in the first quarter of 2011 as compared to the first quarter of 2010.

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        Our development expenses, excluding our commercial supply costs, increased by $20.9 million, or 26%, in the first quarter of 2011 as compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily as a result of increased workforce expenses and increased contractual services expenses. The increased workforce expenses were largely attributable to hiring additional employees in our medical affairs and safety groups in preparation for the potential commercial launch of telaprevir.

 
  Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
   
 
 
  Increase/
(Decrease)
$
  Increase/
(Decrease)
%
 
 
  2011   2010  
 
  (in thousands)
   
 

Sales, general and administrative expenses

  $ 71,523   $ 35,552   $ 35,971     101 %

        Sales, general and administrative expenses increased substantially in the first quarter of 2011 as compared to the first quarter of 2010 primarily as a result of a $30.5 million, or 293%, increase in expenses incurred by our commercial organization, which are classified as sales expenses. These sales expenses include salary and benefits for our sales force and managed market organization, the majority of whom were hired in the second half of 2010, and market research and other third-party expenses incurred as we prepare to launch telaprevir. We expect that these sales expenses will continue to increase during the remainder of 2011.

        Royalty expenses decreased by $0.7 million, or 21%, in the first quarter of 2011 as compared to the first quarter of 2010. Royalty expenses primarily relate to a subroyalty payable to a third party on net sales of the HIV protease inhibitors that were discovered and developed under our collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline plc. The subroyalty expense offsets a corresponding amount of royalty revenues. We expect to continue to recognize this subroyalty as an expense in future periods.

        As of March 31, 2011, our lease restructuring liability was $28.8 million. In each of the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recorded restructuring expense of $0.8 million and made cash payments of $3.7 million against the accrued expense and received $2.2 million in sublease rental payments. During the remaining three quarters of 2011, we expect to make additional cash payments of $11.1 million against the accrued expense and to receive $7.1 million in sublease rental payments.

Non-operating Items

        Interest income increased by $0.9 million to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 from $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010. The increase was a result of slightly higher portfolio yields during the 2011 period as compared to the 2010 period. Our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities yielded less than 0.5% on an annual basis in the first quarter of 2011.

        Interest expense increased by $8.0 million, or 203%, to $12.0 million in the first quarter of 2011 from $4.0 million in the first quarter of 2010. The increase was the result of increased interest expense related to the 2012 Notes that we issued in September 2009 and to the 3.35% convertible senior subordinated notes due 2015, or 2015 Notes, we issued in September 2010. In the remaining three

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quarters of 2011, we expect that we will incur approximately $10.0 million in interest expense related to the 2015 Notes and that we will continue to incur imputed interest expense related to our 2012 Notes.

        In the three months ended March 31, 2011 and 2010, we recorded charges of $5.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively, in connection with the embedded and free-standing derivatives associated with our September 2009 financial transactions. The charges in the first quarter of 2011 were primarily due to increasing the probability of achieving the milestones under the Janssen collaboration agreement based on the EMA acceptance of the MAA for telaprevir in the first quarter of 2011. The charges in the first quarter of 2010 were primarily based on a time-value-of-money adjustment to the estimated fair value of the free-standing derivative. If Janssen obtains approval for and launches telaprevir in the European Union, we expect that we will incur $23.0 million in additional non-cash charges related to the September 2009 financial transactions. We expect a portion of these charges to be reflected as a change in the fair value of derivative instruments and a portion of these charges to be reflected as interest expense.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

        We have incurred operating losses since our inception and these operating losses have been increasing over the past several years. We have financed our operations principally through public and private offerings of our equity and debt securities, strategic collaborative agreements that include research and/or development funding, development milestones and royalties on the sales of products, strategic sales of assets or businesses, financial transactions, investment income and proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our employee benefit plans. We expect that we will incur substantial expense in order to seek approval for and commercialize telaprevir and VX-770 while at the same time continuing to pursue diversified research and development efforts for our other drug candidates. We expect to begin to receive cash flows from sales of telaprevir in mid-2011.

        At March 31, 2011, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $823.5 million, which was a decrease of $208.0 million from $1.0 billion at December 31, 2010. The decrease was primarily the result of cash expenditures we made in the first quarter of 2011 related to, among other things, research and development expenses and sales, general and administrative expenses, partially offset by $33.6 million in cash received from issuances of common stock from employee benefit plans in the first quarter of 2011. Capital expenditures for property and equipment during the three months ended March 31, 2011 were $4.9 million.

        We had $105.0 million in 2012 Notes outstanding on March 31, 2011, which was a decrease of $50.0 million from $155.0 million on December 31, 2010. The 2012 Notes mature on October 31, 2012, subject to earlier mandatory redemption as specified milestone events under our collaboration with Janssen are achieved prior to October 31, 2012. In the first quarter of 2011, we redeemed $50.0 million of 2012 Notes with the proceeds of a milestone payment we received from Janssen. In September 2009, we also sold our rights to receive an additional $95.0 million of potential future milestone payments that we expect to receive from Janssen for the launch of telaprevir in the European Union. As a result of these transactions, the $200.0 million of remaining potential milestone payments from Janssen related to the approval and launch of telaprevir in the European Union, if and when earned, will not provide us with liquidity except to the extent that they fund the redemption of $105.0 million of our 2012 Notes.

        At March 31, 2011, we had outstanding $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2015 Notes. The 2015 Notes bear interest at the rate of 3.35% per annum, and we are required to make semi-annual interest payments on the outstanding principal balance of the 2015 Notes on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2011. The 2015 Notes will mature on October 1, 2015.

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The 2015 Notes are convertible, at the option of the holder, into our common stock at a price equal to approximately $48.83 per share, subject to adjustment. In January 2011, we entered into a credit agreement that provides for a $100.0 million revolving credit facility.

        We expect to continue to make significant investments in our development pipeline, particularly in our effort to prepare for potential registration, regulatory approval and commercial launch of telaprevir and VX-770, and in clinical trials for our other drug candidates. We also expect to continue to make a substantial investment in drug discovery research. The adequacy of our available funds to meet our future operating and capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the timing of regulatory approvals for our late-stage drug candidates, the timing and amounts of product revenues generated by any drug that is approved, the number, breadth, cost and prospects of our discovery and development programs, and our decisions regarding manufacturing and commercial investments.

        We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next twelve months. If we meet our expectations for approval and sales of telaprevir, we believe we will begin generating earnings as a cashflow positive company during 2012. We may seek to borrow working capital if such financing is available to us. Our existing $100.0 million credit facility is initially unsecured, but is subject to a number of affirmative and negative covenants, including a liquidity covenant that requires us to maintain cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of more than $400.0 million in domestic accounts. If we breach any of these covenants and it results in an event of default, upon the event of default the lender would obtain a security interest in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities having a margined value of $100.0 million, which would be transferred to an account controlled by the lender. The credit agreement terminates on July 6, 2012. As part of our strategy for managing our capital structure, we have from time to time adjusted the amount and maturity of our debt obligations through new issues, privately negotiated transactions and market purchases, depending on market conditions and our perceived needs at the time. We expect to continue pursuing a general financial strategy that may lead us to undertake one or more additional transactions with respect to our outstanding debt obligations, and the amounts involved in any such transactions, individually or in the aggregate, may be material. Any such transactions may or may not be similar to transactions in which we have engaged in the past. Although we do not have any plans to do so in the near term, we may raise additional capital through public offerings or private placements of our securities, securing new collaborative agreements or other methods of financing. Any such capital transactions may or may not be similar to transactions in which we have engaged in the past. We will continue to manage our capital structure and to consider all financing opportunities, whenever they may occur, that could strengthen our long-term liquidity profile. There can be no assurance that any such financing opportunities will be available on acceptable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available, we may be required to curtail significantly or discontinue one or more of our research, drug discovery or development programs or attempt to obtain funds through arrangements that may require us to relinquish rights to certain of our technologies or drug candidates.

Contractual Commitments and Obligations

        Our commitments and obligations were reported in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on February 17, 2011. There have been no material changes from the contractual commitments and obligations previously disclosed in that Annual Report on Form 10-K, except that:

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

        Refer to Note B, "Accounting Policies—Recent Accounting Pronouncements," in the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. There were no new accounting pronouncements adopted during the three months ended March 31, 2011 that had a material impact on our financial statements.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

        As part of our investment portfolio, we own financial instruments that are sensitive to market risk. The investment portfolio is used to preserve our capital until it is required to fund operations, including our research and development activities. None of these market risk-sensitive instruments are held for trading purposes. We do not have derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio.

Interest Rate Risk

        We invest our cash in a variety of financial instruments, principally securities issued by the United States government and its agencies, investment grade corporate bonds and notes and money market instruments. These investments are denominated in United States dollars. All of our interest-bearing securities are subject to interest rate risk and could decline in value if interest rates fluctuate. Substantially all of our investment portfolio consists of marketable securities with active secondary or resale markets to help ensure portfolio liquidity and we have implemented guidelines limiting the term-to-maturity of our investment instruments. Due to the short maturities of these instruments, we do not believe that we have material exposure to interest rate risk.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

        

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

        Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, have concluded that, based on such evaluation, as of March 31, 2011 our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting

        We began capitalizing telaprevir inventories on January 1, 2011. This accounting for our inventories is material to our financial position as of March 31, 2011 and results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2011 and we believe the internal controls and procedures relating to the accounting for our telaprevir inventories have a material effect on our internal control over financial reporting. See Note H, "Inventories," to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

42


Table of Contents


contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further details regarding our capitalized inventories.

        We have expanded our Section 404 compliance program under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the applicable rules and regulations under this act to include controls with respect to our inventories. Except for the controls related to our accounting for inventories, no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) occurred during the first quarter of 2011 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Table of Contents


Part II. Other Information

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

        

        Information regarding risk factors appears in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, which was filed with the SEC on February 17, 2011. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in that Annual Report on Form 10-K.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and, in particular, our Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations set forth in Part I—Item 2, contain or incorporate a number of forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements regarding:

44


Table of Contents

        Without limiting the foregoing, the words "believes," "anticipates," "plans," "intends," "expects" and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may turn out to be wrong. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. Many factors mentioned in our discussion in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q will be important in determining future results. Consequently, no forward-looking statement can be guaranteed. Actual future results may vary materially from expected results. We also provide a cautionary discussion of risks and uncertainties under "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010, which was filed with the SEC on February 17, 2011, and updated and supplemented by "Part II—Item 1A—Risk Factors" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These are factors that we think could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected results. Other factors besides those listed could also adversely affect us. In addition, the forward-looking statements contained herein represent our estimate only as of the date of this filing and should not be relied upon as representing our estimate as of any subsequent date. While we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting such forward-looking statements.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

        

Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities

        The table set forth below shows all repurchases of securities by us during the three months ended March 31, 2011:

Period
  Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
  Average Price
Paid per Share
  Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
  Maximum Number of
Shares That May Yet
be Purchased under
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs
 

January 1, 2011 to January 31, 2011

    9,233   $ 0.01          

February 1, 2011 to February 28, 2011

    4,665   $ 0.01          

March 1, 2011 to March 31, 2011

    24,769   $ 0.01          

        The repurchases were made under the terms of our 2006 Stock and Option Plan. Under this plan, we award shares of restricted stock to our employees and consultants that typically are subject to a lapsing right of repurchase by us. We may exercise this right of repurchase in the event that a restricted stock recipient's service to us is terminated. If we exercise this right, we are required to repay the purchase price paid by or on behalf of the recipient for the repurchased restricted shares, which typically is the par value per share of $0.01. Repurchased shares are returned to the 2006 Stock and Option Plan and are available for future awards under the terms of that plan.

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Table of Contents


Item 6.    Exhibits

        

Exhibit No.   Description
  10.1   Credit Agreement, dated January 7, 2011 among Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, the Lenders and Bank of America, N.A.
  10.2   Research and Development Agreement between the Company and Eli Lilly and Company effective June 11, 1997*†
  31.1   Certification of the Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  31.2   Certification of the Chief Financial Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  32.1   Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  101.INS   XBRL Instance**
  101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema**
  101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation**
  101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels**
  101.PRE   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation**
  101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition**

*
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 included in Vertex's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed on August 14, 1997 (File No. 000-19319).

**
Pursuant to applicable securities laws and regulations, we will be deemed to have complied with the reporting obligation relating to the submission of interactive data files in such exhibits and will not be subject to liability under any anti-fraud provisions of the federal securities laws with respect to such interactive data files as long as we have made a good faith attempt to comply with the submission requirements and promptly amend the interactive data files after becoming aware that the interactive data files fail to comply with the submission requirements. Users of this data are advised that, pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed and otherwise are not subject to liability, except as provided by applicable securities laws and regulations.

Confidential portions of this document have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.

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Table of Contents


Signatures

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

May 6, 2011   VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED

 

 

By:

 

/s/ IAN F. SMITH

Ian F. Smith
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer and
duly authorized officer)

47




Exhibit 10.1

 

EXECUTION COPY

 

CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

Dated as of January 7, 2011

 

among

 

VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED,
as the Borrower,

 

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,
as Administrative Agent,

 

and

 

The Other Lenders Party Hereto

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS

1

1.01.

Defined Terms

1

1.02.

Other Interpretive Provisions

23

1.03.

Accounting Terms

23

1.04.

Rounding

24

1.05.

Times of Day

24

ARTICLE II.

THE COMMITMENTS AND CREDIT EXTENSIONS

24

2.01.

The Loans

24

2.02.

Borrowings, Conversions and Continuations of Loans

24

2.03.

Prepayments

26

2.04.

Termination or Reduction of Commitments; Release of Cash and Specified Securities in Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account

26

2.05.

Repayment of Loans

27

2.06.

Interest

27

2.07.

Fees

28

2.08.

Computation of Interest and Fees

28

2.09.

Evidence of Debt

28

2.10.

Payments Generally; Administrative Agent’s Clawback

29

2.11.

Sharing of Payments by Lenders

31

2.12.

Guaranties and Security

31

2.13.

Defaulting Lenders

33

ARTICLE III.

TAXES, YIELD PROTECTION AND ILLEGALITY

34

3.01.

Taxes

34

3.02.

Illegality

38

3.03.

Inability to Determine Rates

38

3.04.

Increased Costs

39

3.05.

Compensation for Losses

40

3.06.

Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders

40

3.07.

Survival

41

ARTICLE IV.

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO CREDIT EXTENSIONS

41

 

i



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

4.01.

Conditions to Closing Date

41

4.02.

Conditions to Initial Borrowing

43

4.03.

Conditions to all Credit Extensions

44

ARTICLE V.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

44

5.01.

Existence, Qualification and Power

44

5.02.

Authorization; No Contravention

45

5.03.

Governmental Authorization; Other Consents

45

5.04.

Binding Effect

45

5.05.

Financial Statements; No Material Adverse Effect

45

5.06.

Litigation

46

5.07.

No Default

46

5.08.

Ownership of Property; Liens

46

5.09.

Environmental Compliance

47

5.10.

Insurance

47

5.11.

Taxes

47

5.12.

ERISA Compliance

47

5.13.

Subsidiaries; Equity Interests; Loan Parties

48

5.14.

Margin Regulations; Investment Company Act

49

5.15.

Disclosure

49

5.16.

Compliance with Laws; Licenses

49

5.17.

Intellectual Property; Licenses, Etc

49

5.18.

Solvency

50

5.19.

Collateral Documents

50

5.20.

Senior Debt

50

ARTICLE VI.

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

50

6.01.

Financial Statements

50

6.02.

Certificates; Other Information

51

6.03.

Notices

53

6.04.

Payment of Obligations

54

6.05.

Preservation of Existence, Etc

54

 

ii



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

6.06.

Maintenance of Properties

55

6.07.

Maintenance of Insurance

55

6.08.

Compliance with Laws; Licenses

55

6.09.

Books and Records

55

6.10.

Inspection Rights

55

6.11.

Use of Proceeds

56

6.12.

Covenant to Guarantee Obligations

56

6.13.

Compliance with Environmental Laws

56

6.14.

Further Assurances

56

6.15.

Cash Management

57

6.16.

Telaprevir (VX-950)

57

6.17.

Monitoring Rights

57

ARTICLE VII.

NEGATIVE COVENANTS

57

7.01.

Liens

57

7.02.

Investments

59

7.03.

Indebtedness

59

7.04.

Fundamental Changes

61

7.05.

Dispositions

61

7.06.

Restricted Payments

62

7.07.

Change in Nature of Business

62

7.08.

Transactions with Affiliates

62

7.09.

Burdensome Agreements

63

7.10.

Use of Proceeds

63

7.11.

Financial Covenants

63

7.12.

Amendments of Organization Documents

63

7.13.

Accounting Changes

63

7.14.

Prepayments, Etc. of Indebtedness; Amendment of Olmstead Notes

63

7.15.

Specified Transfers

64

ARTICLE VIII.

EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

65

8.01.

Events of Default

65

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

8.02.

Remedies Upon Event of Default

67

8.03.

Application of Funds

68

ARTICLE IX.

ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

68

9.01.

Appointment and Authority

68

9.02.

Rights as a Lender

69

9.03.

Exculpatory Provisions

69

9.04.

Reliance by Administrative Agent

70

9.05.

Delegation of Duties

70

9.06.

Resignation of Administrative Agent

70

9.07.

Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders

71

9.08.

No Other Duties, Etc

71

9.09.

Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim

71

9.10.

Collateral and Guaranty Matters

72

9.11.

Cash Management Agreements and Hedge Agreements

73

ARTICLE X.

MISCELLANEOUS

73

10.01.

Amendments, Etc

73

10.02.

Notices; Effectiveness; Electronic Communications

74

10.03.

No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Enforcement

76

10.04.

Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver

77

10.05.

Payments Set Aside

79

10.06.

Successors and Assigns

79

10.07.

Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality

82

10.08.

Right of Setoff

83

10.09.

Interest Rate Limitation

84

10.10.

Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness

84

10.11.

Survival of Representations and Warranties

85

10.12.

Severability

85

10.13.

Replacement of Lenders

85

10.14.

Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Etc

86

10.15.

Waiver of Jury Trial

87

 

iv



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

 

 

Page

 

 

 

10.16.

No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility

87

10.17.

Electronic Execution of Assignments and Certain Other Documents

88

10.18.

USA PATRIOT Act

88

 

v



 

SCHEDULES

 

 

 

1.01

Certain Securities

2.01

Commitments and Applicable Percentages

5.05

Supplement to Interim Financial Statements

5.13

Subsidiaries and Other Equity Investments; Loan Parties

7.01

Existing Liens

7.03

Existing Indebtedness

7.11

Consolidated Maximum Burn Rate

10.02

Administrative Agent’s Office; Certain Addresses for Notices

 

 

EXHIBITS

 

 

 

Form of

 

A

Loan Notice

B

Note

C

Compliance Certificate

D

Assignment and Assumption

 


 

CREDIT AGREEMENT

 

This CREDIT AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is entered into as of January 7, 2011, among VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED, a Massachusetts corporation (the “Borrower”), each lender from time to time party hereto (collectively, the “Lenders” and individually, a “Lender”), and BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., as Administrative Agent.

 

PRELIMINARY STATEMENTS:

 

The Borrower has requested that the Lenders provide a revolving credit facility, and the Lenders have indicated their willingness to lend, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein.

 

In consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto covenant and agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS AND ACCOUNTING TERMS

 

1.01.                     Defined Terms.  As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:

 

Account Control Agreements” means each Deposit Account Control Agreement, Securities Account Control Agreement and each other account control agreement entered into pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, in each case, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Administrative Agent.

 

Administrative Agent” means Bank of America in its capacity as administrative agent under any of the Loan Documents, or any successor administrative agent.

 

Administrative Agent’s Account” means, collectively, such deposit accounts and securities accounts maintained by the Administrative Agent at Bank of America or Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, under the sole dominion and control of the Administrative Agent, as secured party.  Unless agreed to by the Administrative Agent, neither the Borrower nor any other Loan Party shall have the right to make any withdrawal, give any instructions with respect to the disposition of any funds or other assets or otherwise deal with any funds or other assets maintained in the Administrative Agent’s Account.

 

Administrative Agent’s Office” means the Administrative Agent’s address and, as appropriate, account as set forth on Schedule 10.02, or such other address or account as the Administrative Agent may from time to time notify to the Borrower and the Lenders.

 

Administrative Questionnaire” means an Administrative Questionnaire in a form supplied by the Administrative Agent.

 

Advance Rate Percentage” means, (a) with respect to each Specified Security set forth on Schedule 1.01, its respective “Maximum Advance Rate Percentage” listed on Schedule 1.01

 



 

and (b) with respect to any other Specified Security, the maximum advance rate as determined by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion.

 

Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, another Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls or is Controlled by or is under common Control with the Person specified.

 

Aggregate Commitments” means the Commitments of all the Lenders.  The Aggregate Commitments, as of the date of this Agreement, are $100,000,000.

 

Agreement” means this Credit Agreement.

 

Applicable Percentage” means with respect to any Lender at any time, the percentage (carried out to the ninth decimal place) of the Aggregate Commitments represented by such Lender’s Commitment at such time.  If the commitment of each Lender to make Loans has been terminated pursuant to Section 8.02, or if the Aggregate Commitments have expired, then the Applicable Percentage of each Lender shall be determined based on the Applicable Percentage of such Lender most recently in effect, giving effect to any subsequent assignments.  The initial Applicable Percentage of each Lender is set forth opposite the name of such Lender on Schedule 2.01 or in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender becomes a party hereto, as applicable.

 

Applicable Rate” means 1.50% per annum.

 

Approved Fund” means any Fund that is administered or managed by (a) a Lender, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that administers or manages a Lender.

 

Assignee Group” means two or more Eligible Assignees that are Affiliates of one another or two or more Approved Funds managed by the same investment advisor.

 

Assignment and Assumption” means an assignment and assumption entered into by a Lender and an assignee (with the consent of any party whose consent is required by Section 10.06(b)), and accepted by the Administrative Agent, in substantially the form of Exhibit D or any other form approved by the Administrative Agent.

 

Attributable Indebtedness” means, on any date, (a) in respect of any capital lease of any Person, the capitalized amount thereof that would appear on a balance sheet of such Person prepared as of such date in accordance with GAAP, and (b) in respect of any Synthetic Lease Obligation, the capitalized amount of the remaining lease payments under the relevant lease that would appear on a balance sheet of such Person prepared as of such date in accordance with GAAP if such lease were accounted for as a capital lease.

 

Audited Financial Statements” means the audited consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for such fiscal year of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, including the notes thereto.

 

2



 

Availability Period” means the period from and including the Initial Availability Date to the earliest of (i) the Maturity Date, (ii) the date of termination of the Aggregate Commitments pursuant to Section 2.04, and (iii) the date of termination of the Commitment of each Lender pursuant to Section 8.02.

 

Bank of America” means Bank of America, N.A. and its successors.

 

Base Rate” means for any day a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced from time to time by Bank of America as its “prime rate”.  The “prime rate” is a rate set by Bank of America based upon various factors including Bank of America’s costs and desired return, general economic conditions and other factors, and is used as a reference point for pricing some loans, which may be priced at, above, or below such announced rate.  Any change in such prime rate announced by Bank of America shall take effect at the opening of business on the day specified in the public announcement of such change.

 

Base Rate Loan” means a Loan that bears interest based on the Base Rate.

 

Borrower” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereto.

 

Borrower Materials” has the meaning specified in Section 6.02.

 

Borrowing” means a borrowing consisting of simultaneous Loans of the same Type and, in the case of LIBOR Rate Loans, having the same Interest Period made by each of the Lenders pursuant to Section 2.01.

 

Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks are authorized to close under the Laws of, or are in fact closed in, the state where the Administrative Agent’s Office is located and, if such day relates to any LIBOR Rate Loan, means any such day that is also a London Banking Day.

 

Capital Expenditures” means, with respect to any Person for any period, any expenditure in respect of the purchase or other acquisition of any fixed or capital asset (excluding normal replacements and maintenance which are properly charged to current operations).

 

Cash Equivalents” means any of the following types of Investments, to the extent owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens (other than Liens created under the Collateral Documents and other Liens permitted hereunder):

 

(a)                                  readily marketable obligations issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof having maturities of not more than 360 days from the date of acquisition thereof; provided that the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged in support thereof;

 

(b)                                 time deposits with, or insured certificates of deposit or bankers’ acceptances of, any commercial bank that (i) (A) is a Lender or (B) is organized under the laws of the United States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia or is the principal banking subsidiary of a bank holding company organized under the laws of the United States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, and is a member of the Federal Reserve System, (ii)

 

3



 

issues (or the parent of which issues) commercial paper rated as described in clause (c) of this definition and (iii) has combined capital and surplus of at least $1,000,000,000, in each case with maturities of not more than 90 days from the date of acquisition thereof;

 

(c)                                  commercial paper issued by any Person organized under the laws of any state of the United States of America and rated at least “Prime-1” (or the then equivalent grade) by Moody’s or at least “A-1” (or the then equivalent grade) by S&P, in each case with maturities of not more than 180 days from the date of acquisition thereof; and

 

(d)                                 Investments, classified in accordance with GAAP as current assets of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, in money market investment programs registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, which are administered by financial institutions that have the highest rating obtainable from either Moody’s or S&P, and the portfolios of which are limited solely to Investments of the character, quality and maturity described in clauses (a), (b) and (c) of this definition.

 

Cash Management Agreement” means any arrangement to provide cash management services, including treasury, depository, overdraft, credit or debit card, electronic funds transfer and other cash management services, entered into by and between the Borrower or any Subsidiary and any Cash Management Bank.

 

Cash Management Bank” means any Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender that has entered into a Cash Management Agreement, in its capacity as a party to such Cash Management Agreement.

 

Change in Law” means the occurrence, after the date of this Agreement, of any of the following: (a) the adoption or taking effect of any law, rule, regulation or treaty, (b) any change in any law, rule, regulation or treaty or in the administration, interpretation or application thereof by any Governmental Authority or (c) the making or issuance of any request, guideline or directive (whether or not having the force of law) by any Governmental Authority.

 

Change of Control” means an event or series of events by which:

 

(a)                                  any “person” or “group” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, but excluding any employee benefit plan of such person or its subsidiaries, and any person or entity acting in its capacity as trustee, agent or other fiduciary or administrator of any such plan) becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except that a person or group shall be deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of all securities that such person or group has the right to acquire, whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time (such right, an “option right”)), directly or indirectly, of 35% or more of the equity securities of the Borrower entitled to vote for members of the board of directors or equivalent governing body of the Borrower on a fully-diluted basis (and taking into account all such securities that such “person” or “group” has the right to acquire pursuant to any option right); or

 

(b)                                 during any period of 12 consecutive months, a majority of the members of the board of directors or other equivalent governing body of the Borrower cease to be composed of individuals (i) who were members of that board or equivalent governing body on the first day of

 

4



 

such period, (ii) whose election or nomination to that board or equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clause (i) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board or equivalent governing body or (iii) whose election or nomination to that board or other equivalent governing body was approved by individuals referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) above constituting at the time of such election or nomination at least a majority of that board or equivalent governing body (excluding, in the case of both clause (ii) and clause (iii), any individual whose initial nomination for, or assumption of office as, a member of that board or equivalent governing body occurs as a result of an actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents for the election or removal of one or more directors by any person or group other than a solicitation for the election of one or more directors by or on behalf of the board of directors); or

 

(c)                                  the passage of thirty days from the date upon which any Person or two or more Persons acting in concert shall have acquired, by contract or otherwise, the power to exercise, directly or indirectly, a controlling influence over the management or policies of the Borrower, or control over the equity securities of the Borrower entitled to vote for members of the board of directors or equivalent governing body of the Borrower on a fully-diluted basis (and taking into account all such securities that such Person or group has the right to acquire pursuant to any option right) representing 35% or more of the combined voting power of such securities.

 

Closing Date” means the first date all the conditions precedent in Section 4.01 are satisfied or waived in accordance with Section 10.01.

 

Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

Collateral” means all of the “Collateral” referred to in the Collateral Documents and all of the other property that is or is intended under the terms of the Collateral Documents to be subject to Liens in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Credit Provider Parties.

 

Collateral Documents” means, collectively, the Security Agreement, the Account Control Agreements and each of the other agreements, instruments or documents that creates or purports to create a Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Credit Provider Parties.

 

Commitment” means, as to each Lender, its obligation to make Loans to the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.01, in an aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed the amount set forth opposite such Lender’s name on Schedule 2.01 under the caption “Commitment” or opposite such caption in the Assignment and Assumption pursuant to which such Lender becomes a party hereto, as applicable, as such amount may be adjusted from time to time in accordance with this Agreement.

 

Commitment Fee” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.07.

 

Compliance Certificate” means a certificate in substantially the form of Exhibit C.

 

Consolidated Burn Rate” means, for any period:

 

5



 

(a) the sum of an amount equal to (i) Consolidated Net Income plus (ii) the following to the extent deducted in calculating such Consolidated Net Income: (A) compensation paid to employees in the form of common stock during such period, (B) depreciation and amortization expense and (C) other non-recurring expenses of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries reducing such Consolidated Net Income which do not represent a cash item in such period or any future period and minus (iii) the following to the extent included in calculating such Consolidated Net Income, (x) all non-cash items increasing Consolidated Net Income (net of any related costs and expenses), and (y) all revenue and/or royalty streams from the sale goods and services which have been sold to any third party (net of any related costs and expenses), in each case, for such period;

 

minus

 

(b) the aggregate increase (expressed as a positive number) or aggregate decrease (expressed as a negative number) in Consolidated Net Working Capital during such period;

 

minus

 

(c) the aggregate amount of Capital Expenditures of or by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries during such period.

 

Consolidated Net Income” means, for any period, for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, the net income of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (excluding extraordinary gains) for that period, determined in accordance with GAAP.

 

Consolidated Net Working Capital” means, as of any date of determination, an amount equal to (a) the sum of (i) net account receivables of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries plus (ii) net inventory of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries minus (b) account payables (including royalty payments) of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, all as determined on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP.

 

Contractual Obligation” means, as to any Person, any provision of any security issued by such Person or of any agreement, instrument or other undertaking to which such Person is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound.

 

Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ability to exercise voting power, by contract or otherwise.  “Controlling” and “Controlled” have meanings correlative thereto.

 

Control Account” means, at any time prior to the completion of the Trigger Event Day Transfer, each deposit account and securities account now or hereafter owned by the Loan Parties and maintained in the United States, other than payroll accounts (so long as each such payroll account is a zero balance account), withholding tax and other fiduciary accounts, accounts with balances of less than $500,000 and any accounts in which cash collateral is maintained for letters of credit issued by Bank of America; provided that upon the completion of the Trigger Event Day Transfer, no deposit account or securities account owned by a Loan Party shall be deemed a “Control Account”.

 

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Credit Extension” means a Borrowing.

 

Credit Provider Parties” means, collectively, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders, the Hedge Banks, the Cash Management Banks, each co-agent or sub-agent appointed by the Administrative Agent from time to time pursuant to Section 9.05, and the other Persons the Obligations owing to which are or are purported to be secured by the Collateral under the terms of the Collateral Documents.

 

Current Market Value” means:

 

(a)  With respect to stock, an amount equal to (i) the per share price of such stock at the close of the most recent regular trading day (excluding after-hours trading) on the New York Stock Exchange, American Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ Global Select or Global Market Tier (each, a “Designated Exchange”) as applicable for such stock, times (ii) the number of shares of such stock owned by the applicable Loan Party.  In the event that stock is not traded on a Designated Exchange, the Current Market Value of such stock shall be determined by obtaining the quoted value of such stock from a reputable brokerage firm selected by the Administrative Agent (which may be an Affiliate of the Administrative Agent).  If stock is traded on more than one Designated Exchange, the Current Market Value of such stock for any purpose under this Agreement shall be determined by using the lower per share price.

 

(b)  With respect to any mutual fund, an amount equal to (i) the most recent per share net asset value of such mutual fund obtained from the Wall Street Journal, or such other reputable reporting service as the Administrative Agent may select, times (ii) the number of shares of such mutual fund owned by the applicable Loan Party.  In the event that such net asset value is not available in the Wall Street Journal, or such other reputable reporting service as the Administrative Agent may select, the Current Market Value shall be the value quoted to the Administrative Agent by a reputable brokerage firm selected by the Administrative Agent (which may be an Affiliate of the Administrative Agent).

 

(c)  With respect to bonds, an amount equal to the most recent closing price for such bonds obtained from the Wall Street Journal, or such other reputable reporting service as the Administrative Agent may select.  If such closing price is not available in the Wall Street Journal, or such other reputable reporting service as the Administrative Agent may select, the Current Market Value shall be the value quoted to the Administrative Agent by a reputable brokerage firm selected by the Administrative Agent (which may be an Affiliate of the Administrative Agent).

 

(d)  With respect to any government or agency obligations or bonds, an amount equal to the most recent closing bid price for such bonds obtained from the Wall Street Journal, or such other reputable reporting service as the Administrative Agent may select.  If such closing bid price is not available in the Wall Street Journal, or such other reputable reporting service as the Administrative Agent may select, the Current Market Value shall be the value quoted to the Administrative Agent by a reputable brokerage firm selected by the Administrative Agent (which may be an Affiliate of the Administrative Agent).

 

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(e)  For any Specified Securities not covered above, or for which no quote is available from a reputable brokerage firm as set forth above, the Current Market Value shall be determined by the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion.

 

Notwithstanding anything set forth above to the contrary, to the extent that any stock, mutual fund or bond ceases to be publicly traded on a Designated Exchange or other recognized market acceptable to the Administrative Agent in its sole discretion, the Administrative Agent may, notwithstanding the availability of any brokerage firm quotations, cease to afford such Specified Security any Current Market Value or afford it only such Current Market Value as the Administrative Agent may deem appropriate in its sole discretion.

 

Debtor Relief Laws” means the Bankruptcy Code of the United States, and all other liquidation, conservatorship, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, moratorium, rearrangement, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, or similar debtor relief Laws of the United States or other applicable jurisdictions from time to time in effect and affecting the rights of creditors generally.

 

Default” means any event or condition that constitutes an Event of Default or that, with the giving of any notice, the passage of time, or both, would be an Event of Default.

 

Default Rate” means an interest rate equal to (i) the Base Rate plus (ii) 2% per annum; provided, however, that with respect to a LIBOR Rate Loan, the Default Rate shall be an interest rate equal to the interest rate (including any Applicable Rate) otherwise applicable to such Loan plus 2% per annum.

 

Defaulting Lender” means, subject to Section 2.13(b), any Lender that, as determined by the Administrative Agent, (a) has failed to perform any of its funding obligations hereunder,  including in respect of its Loans or participations in respect of Letters of Credit, within three Business Days of the date required to be funded by it hereunder, (b) has notified the Borrower, the Administrative Agent or any Lender that it does not intend to comply with its funding obligations or has made a public statement to that effect with respect to its funding obligations hereunder or under other agreements in which it commits to extend credit, (c) has failed, within three Business Days after request by the Administrative Agent, to confirm in a manner satisfactory to the Administrative Agent that it will comply with its funding obligations, or (d) has, or has a direct or indirect parent company that has, (i) become the subject of a proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, (ii) had a receiver, conservator, trustee, administrator, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar Person charged with reorganization or liquidation of its business or a custodian appointed for it, or (iii) taken any action in furtherance of, or indicated its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any such proceeding or appointment; provided that a Lender shall not be a Defaulting Lender solely by virtue of the ownership or acquisition of any equity interest in that Lender or any direct or indirect parent company thereof by a Governmental Authority.

 

Deposit Account Control Agreement” means an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent establishing the Administrative Agent’s “control” (as such term is defined in the UCC) with respect to any deposit account.

 

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Disposition” or “Dispose” means the sale, transfer, license, lease or other disposition (including any sale and leaseback transaction) of any property by any Person (or the granting of any option or other right to do any of the foregoing), including any sale, assignment, transfer or other disposal, with or without recourse, of any notes or accounts receivable or any rights and claims associated therewith.

 

Dollar” and “$” mean lawful money of the United States.

 

Domestic Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that is organized under the laws of any political subdivision of the United States.

 

Eligible Assignee” means any Person that meets the requirements to be an assignee under Section 10.06(b)(iii) and (v) (subject to such consents, if any, as may be required under Section 10.06(b)(iii)).

 

Eligible Cash” means unrestricted cash (excluding proceeds of Loans) of the Loan Parties that is (a) denominated in Dollars, (b) deposited in a Specified Account and (c) not subject to any Lien (other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01).

 

Eligible Securities” means Cash Equivalents and securities of the Loan Parties that are (a) Specified Securities, (b) deposited in or credited to a Specified Account, (c) not subject to any Lien ((other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01) and (d) freely transferable without restriction or limitation.

 

Environmental Laws” means any and all Federal, state, local, and foreign statutes, laws, regulations, ordinances, rules, judgments, orders, decrees, permits, concessions, grants, franchises, licenses, agreements or governmental restrictions relating to pollution and the protection of the environment or the release of any materials into the environment, including those related to hazardous substances or wastes, air emissions and discharges to waste or public systems.

 

Environmental Liability” means any liability, contingent or otherwise (including any liability for damages, costs of environmental remediation, fines, penalties or indemnities), of the Borrower, any other Loan Party or any of their respective Subsidiaries directly or indirectly resulting from or based upon (a) violation of any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, (c) exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the release or threatened release of any Hazardous Materials into the environment or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.

 

Environmental Permit” means any permit, approval, identification number, license or other authorization required under any Environmental Law.

 

Equity Interests” means, with respect to any Person, all of the shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person, all of the warrants, options or other rights

 

9



 

for the purchase or acquisition from such Person of shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person, all of the securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of (or other ownership or profit interests in) such Person or warrants, rights or options for the purchase or acquisition from such Person of such shares (or such other interests), and all of the other ownership or profit interests in such Person (including partnership, member or trust interests therein), whether voting or nonvoting, and whether or not such shares, warrants, options, rights or other interests are outstanding on any date of determination.

 

ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

 

ERISA Affiliate” means any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) under common control with the Borrower within the meaning of Section 414(b) or (c) of the Code (and Sections 414(m) and (o) of the Code for purposes of provisions relating to Section 412 of the Code).

 

ERISA Event” means (a) a Reportable Event with respect to a Pension Plan; (b) the withdrawal of the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from a Pension Plan subject to Section 4063 of ERISA during a plan year in which such entity was a “substantial employer” as defined in Section 4001(a)(2) of ERISA or a cessation of operations that is treated as such a withdrawal under Section 4062(e) of ERISA; (c) a complete or partial withdrawal by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from a Multiemployer Plan or notification that a Multiemployer Plan is in reorganization; (d) the filing of a notice of intent to terminate, the treatment of a Pension Plan amendment as a termination under Section 4041 or 4041A of ERISA; (e) the institution by the PBGC of proceedings to terminate a Pension Plan; (f) any event or condition which constitutes grounds under Section 4042 of ERISA for the termination of, or the appointment of a trustee to administer, any Pension Plan; (g) the determination that any Pension Plan is considered an at-risk plan or a plan in endangered or critical status within the meaning of Sections 430, 431 and 432 of the Code or Sections 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA; or (h) the imposition of any liability under Title IV of ERISA, other than for PBGC premiums due but not delinquent under Section 4007 of ERISA, upon  the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate.

 

Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 8.01.

 

Excluded Taxes” means, with respect to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any other recipient of any payment to be made by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower hereunder, (a) taxes imposed on or measured by its overall net income (however denominated), and franchise taxes imposed on it (in lieu of net income taxes), by the jurisdiction (or any political subdivision thereof) under the Laws of which such recipient is organized or in which its principal office is located or, in the case of any Lender, in which its applicable Lending Office is located, (b) any branch profits taxes imposed by the United States or any similar tax imposed by any other jurisdiction in which the Borrower is located, (c) any backup withholding tax that is required by the Code to be withheld from amounts payable to a Lender that has failed to comply with clause (A) of Section 3.01(e)(ii), and (d) in the case of a Foreign Lender (other than an assignee pursuant to a request by the Borrower under Section 10.13), any United States withholding tax that (i) is required to be imposed on amounts payable to such Foreign Lender pursuant to the Laws in force at the time such Foreign Lender becomes a party hereto (or designates a new Lending Office) or (ii) is attributable to such Foreign Lender’s failure or

 

10



 

inability (other than as a result of a Change in Law) to comply with clause (B) of Section 3.01(e)(ii), except to the extent that such Foreign Lender (or its assignor, if any) was entitled, at the time of designation of a new Lending Office (or assignment), to receive additional amounts from the Borrower with respect to such withholding tax pursuant to Section 3.01(a)(ii) or (c).

 

FASB ASC” means the Accounting Standards Codification of the Financial Accounting Standards Board.

 

FDA” means the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.

 

Federal Funds Rate” means, for any day, the rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal funds transactions with members of the Federal Reserve System arranged by Federal funds brokers on such day, as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on the Business Day next succeeding such day; provided that (a) if such day is not a Business Day, the Federal Funds Rate for such day shall be such rate on such transactions on the next preceding Business Day as so published on the next succeeding Business Day, and (b) if no such rate is so published on such next succeeding Business Day, the Federal Funds Rate for such day shall be the average rate (rounded upward, if necessary, to a whole multiple of 1/100 of 1%) charged to Bank of America on such day on such transactions as determined by the Administrative Agent.

 

Fee Letter” means the letter agreement, dated January 7, 2011, between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.

 

Foreign Government Scheme or Arrangement” has the meaning specified in Section 5.12(d).

 

Foreign Lender” means any Lender that is organized under the Laws of a jurisdiction other than that in which the Borrower is resident for tax purposes.  For purposes of this definition, the United States, each State thereof and the District of Columbia shall be deemed to constitute a single jurisdiction.

 

Foreign Plan” has the meaning specified in Section 5.12(d).

 

FRB” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System of the United States.

 

Fund” means any Person (other than a natural person) that is (or will be) engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its activities.

 

GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or such other principles as may be approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession in the United States, that are applicable to the circumstances as of the date of determination, consistently applied.

 

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Governmental Authority” means the government of the United States or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).

 

Guarantee” means, as to any Person, (a) any obligation, contingent or otherwise, of such Person guaranteeing or having the economic effect of guaranteeing any Indebtedness or other obligation payable or performable by another Person (the “primary obligor”) in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including any obligation of such Person, direct or indirect, (i) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or other obligation, (ii) to purchase or lease property, securities or services for the purpose of assuring the obligee in respect of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment or performance of such Indebtedness or other obligation, (iii) to maintain working capital, equity capital or any other financial statement condition or liquidity or level of income or cash flow of the primary obligor so as to enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness or other obligation, or (iv) entered into for the purpose of assuring in any other manner the obligee in respect of such Indebtedness or other obligation of the payment or performance thereof or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in whole or in part), or (b) any Lien on any assets of such Person securing any Indebtedness or other obligation of any other Person, whether or not such Indebtedness or other obligation is assumed by such Person (or any right, contingent or otherwise, of any holder of such Indebtedness to obtain any such Lien).  The amount of any Guarantee shall be deemed to be an amount equal to the stated or determinable amount of the related primary obligation, or portion thereof, in respect of which such Guarantee is made or, if not stated or determinable, the maximum reasonably anticipated liability in respect thereof as determined by the guaranteeing Person in good faith.  The term “Guarantee” as a verb has a corresponding meaning.

 

Guarantors” means, collectively, the Domestic Subsidiaries of the Borrower listed below and each other Domestic Subsidiary of the Borrower that shall be required to execute and deliver a guaranty or guaranty supplement pursuant to Section 6.12.  As of the Closing Date, the Guarantors are Vertex Holdings Inc., Vertex Pharmaceuticals (San Diego) LLC, Vertex Pharmaceuticals (North America) LLC, and Vertex Securities Corporation.

 

Guaranty” means, collectively, the Guaranty made by the Guarantors in favor of the Administrative Agent and the other Credit Provider Parties, in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, together with each other guaranty delivered pursuant to Section 6.12.

 

Hazardous Materials” means all explosive or radioactive substances or wastes and all hazardous or toxic substances, wastes or other pollutants, including petroleum or petroleum distillates, asbestos or asbestos-containing materials, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon gas, infectious or medical wastes and all other hazardous substances or wastes of any nature regulated pursuant to any Environmental Law.

 

Hedge Agreements” means any Swap Contract entered into by and between the Borrower or any Subsidiary and any Hedge Bank.

 

12



 

Hedge Bank” means any Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender that has entered into a Swap Contract, in its capacity as a party to such Swap Contract.

 

IDC” means Interactive Data Corporation and any successor thereto.

 

Indebtedness” means, as to any Person at a particular time, without duplication, all of the following, whether or not included as indebtedness or liabilities in accordance with GAAP:

 

(a)                                  all obligations of such Person for borrowed money and all obligations of such Person evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes, loan agreements or other similar instruments;

 

(b)                                 all direct or contingent obligations of such Person arising under letters of credit (including standby and commercial), bankers’ acceptances, bank guaranties, surety bonds and similar instruments;

 

(c)                                  net obligations of such Person under any Swap Contract;

 

(d)                                 all obligations of such Person to pay the deferred purchase price of property or services (other than trade accounts payable in the ordinary course of business and, in each case, not past due for more than 90 days);

 

(e)                                  indebtedness (excluding prepaid interest thereon) secured by a Lien on property owned or being purchased by such Person (including indebtedness arising under conditional sales or other title retention agreements), whether or not such indebtedness shall have been assumed by such Person or is limited in recourse;

 

(f)                                    capital leases and Synthetic Lease Obligations of such Person;

 

(g)                                 all obligations of such Person to purchase, redeem, retire, defease or otherwise make any payment in respect of any Equity Interest in such Person or any other Person, valued, in the case of a redeemable preferred interest, at the greater of its voluntary or involuntary liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends; and

 

(h)                                 all Guarantees of such Person in respect of any of the foregoing.

 

For all purposes hereof, the Indebtedness of any Person shall include the Indebtedness of any partnership or joint venture (other than a joint venture that is itself a corporation or limited liability company) in which such Person is a general partner or a joint venturer, unless such Indebtedness is expressly made non-recourse to such Person.  The amount of any net obligation under any Swap Contract on any date shall be deemed to be the Swap Termination Value thereof as of such date.  The amount of any capital lease or Synthetic Lease Obligation as of any date shall be deemed to be the amount of Attributable Indebtedness in respect thereof as of such date.

 

Indemnified Taxes means Taxes other than Excluded Taxes.

 

Indemnitees” has the meaning specified in Section 10.04(b).

 

Information” has the meaning specified in Section 10.07.

 

13



 

Initial Availability Date” means the first date all the conditions precedent in Section 4.02 are satisfied or waived in accordance with Section 10.01.

 

Initial Borrowing Request” means the initial Loan Notice submitted by the Borrower requesting a Borrowing.

 

Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date” means the date on which the initial Loan Notice is submitted by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent.

 

Interest Payment Date” means, (a) as to any LIBOR Rate Loan, the last Business Day of each calendar month, the last day of each Interest Period applicable to such Loan and the Maturity Date; and (b) as to any Base Rate Loan, the last Business Day of each calendar month and the Maturity Date.

 

Interest Period” means, as to each LIBOR Rate Loan, the period commencing on the date such LIBOR Rate Loan is disbursed or converted to or continued as a LIBOR Rate Loan and ending on the date one, two or three months thereafter, as selected by the Borrower in its Loan Notice; provided that:

 

(a)                                  the first day of the interest period must be a Business Day;

 

(b)                                 the last day of the interest period and the actual number of days during the interest period will be determined by the Administrative Agent using the practices of the London inter-bank market; and

 

(c)                                  no Interest Period shall extend beyond the Maturity Date.

 

Investment” means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect acquisition or investment by such Person, whether by means of (a) the purchase or other acquisition of capital stock or other securities of another Person, (b) a loan, advance or capital contribution to, Guarantee or assumption of debt of, or purchase or other acquisition of any other debt or equity participation or interest in, another Person, including any partnership or joint venture interest in such other Person and any arrangement pursuant to which the investor Guarantees Indebtedness of such other Person, (c) the purchase or other acquisition (for cash or non-cash consideration, in one transaction or a series of transactions) of assets of another Person that constitute a business unit or all or a substantial part of the business of, such Person, or (d) the acquisition (through purchase, license or otherwise) of a drug candidate and/or rights to a drug candidate (including IP Rights used or to be used as the foundation for the development of a drug candidate), approved drug or other therapeutic product, including through the in-licensing of patent rights.  For purposes of covenant compliance, the amount of any Investment shall be the amount actually invested, without adjustment for subsequent increases or decreases in the value of such Investment.

 

IP Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.17.

 

IRS” means the United States Internal Revenue Service.

 

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Laws” means, collectively, all international, foreign, Federal, state and local statutes, treaties, rules, guidelines, regulations, ordinances, codes and administrative or judicial precedents or authorities, including the interpretation or administration thereof by any Governmental Authority charged with the enforcement, interpretation or administration thereof, and all applicable administrative orders, directed duties, licenses, authorizations and permits of, and agreements with, any Governmental Authority, in each case whether or not having the force of law.

 

Lender” has the meaning specified in the introductory paragraph hereto.

 

Lending Office” means, as to any Lender, the office or offices of such Lender described as such in such Lender’s Administrative Questionnaire, or such other office or offices as a Lender may from time to time notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.

 

LIBOR Rate” means for any Interest Period with respect to a LIBOR Rate Loan, a rate per annum determined by the Administrative Agent pursuant to the following formula:

 

LIBOR Rate =

 

London Inter-Bank Offered Rate

 

1.00 — Reserve Percentage

 

Where,

 

(a)                                  “London Inter-Bank Offered Rate” means, for any applicable Interest Period, the rate per annum equal to the British Bankers Association LIBOR Rate (“BBA LIBOR”), as published by Reuters (or other commercially available source providing quotations of BBA LIBOR as selected by the Administrative Agent from time to time) at approximately 11:00 a.m. London time two (2) London Banking Days before the commencement of the Interest Period, for U.S. Dollar deposits (for delivery on the first day of such Interest Period) with a term equivalent to such Interest Period.  If such rate is not available at such time for any reason, then the rate for that Interest Period will be determined by such alternate method as reasonably selected by the Administrative Agent.

 

(b)                                 “Reserve Percentage” means the total of the maximum reserve percentages for determining the reserves to be maintained by member banks of the Federal Reserve System for Eurocurrency Liabilities, as defined in Federal Reserve Board Regulation D, rounded upward to the nearest 1/100 of one percent.  The percentage will be expressed as a decimal, and will include, but not be limited to, marginal, emergency, supplemental, special, and other reserve percentages.

 

LIBOR Rate Loan” means a Loan that bears interest at a rate based on the definition of “LIBOR Rate.”

 

Lien” means any mortgage, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, encumbrance, lien (statutory or other), charge, or preference, priority or other security interest or preferential arrangement in the nature of a security interest of any kind or nature whatsoever (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any easement, right of way or other encumbrance on title to real property, and any financing lease having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing).

 

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Liquidity Amount” means, as of any date of determination, (a) at any time prior to the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer, an amount equal to (i) the sum of (x) unrestricted cash (excluding proceeds of Loans) of the Loan Parties and (y) an amount equal to the value (as determined by reference to market data provided by IDC) of all Specified Securities of the Loan Parties, in each case, maintained in Specified Accounts and that are not subject to any Lien (other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01) minus (ii) the then outstanding Tax and Judgment Liabilities and (b) at any other time, an amount equal to (i) the sum of (x) unrestricted cash (excluding proceeds of Loans) of the Loan Parties, (y) an amount equal to the value (as determined by reference to market data provided by IDC) of all Specified Securities of the Loan Parties and (z) the aggregate amount of cash (and if applicable, the Advance Rate Percentage of the Current Market Value of Specified Securities (of the types set forth on Schedule 1.01)) in the Administrative Agent’s Account, in each case, that are not subject to any Lien (other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01) minus (ii) the then outstanding Tax and Judgment Liabilities.

 

Loan” has the meaning specified in Section 2.01.

 

Loan Documents” means, collectively, (a) this Agreement, (b) the Notes, (c) the Guaranty, (d) the Collateral Documents, and (e) the Fee Letter.

 

Loan Notice” means a notice of (a) a Borrowing, (b) a conversion of Loans from one Type to the other, or (c) a continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans, pursuant to Section 2.02(a), which, if in writing, shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A.

 

Loan Parties” means, collectively, the Borrower and each Guarantor.

 

London Banking Day” means a day on which banks in London are open for business and dealing in offshore dollars.

 

Margined Liquidity Amount” means, as of any date of determination, (a) at any time prior to the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer in the Administrative Agent’s Account, the sum of (i) unrestricted cash (excluding proceeds of Loans) of the Loan Parties and (ii) an amount equal to the Advance Rate Percentage of the Current Market Value of Specified Securities (of the types set forth on Schedule 1.01) of the Loan Parties, in each case, maintained in Specified Accounts and that are not subject to any Lien (other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01), and (b) at any other time, the aggregate amount of cash (and if applicable, the Advance Rate Percentage of the Current Market Value of Specified Securities (of the types set forth on Schedule 1.01)) in the Administrative Agent’s Account.

 

Material Adverse Effect” means any event, development or circumstance that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect upon (a) the business, liabilities (actual or contingent), assets, results of operations or financial condition of the Borrower or the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (b) the ability of any Loan Party to perform its

 

16



 

obligations under any Loan Document to which it is a party; (c) the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any Loan Party of any Loan Document to which it is a party, or upon the rights and remedies of the Administrative Agent or the Lenders under any Loan Document; or (d) the Collateral, or the Administrative Agent’s Liens on the Collateral or the priority of such Liens.

 

Maturity Date” means the earlier of (a) July 6, 2012 and (b) the date that is ninety-one (91) days prior to the Olmstead Maturity Date; provided, however, if such date is not a Business Day, the Maturity Date shall be the next preceding Business Day.

 

Medicaid” means that government-sponsored entitlement program under Title XIX, P.L. 89-97 of the Social Security Act, which provides federal grants to states for medical assistance based on specific eligibility criteria, as set forth on Section 1396, et seq. of Title 42 of the United States Code.

 

Medicare” means that government-sponsored insurance program under Title XVIII, P.L. 89-97, of the Social Security Act, which provides for a health insurance system for eligible elderly and disabled individuals, as set forth at Section 1395, et seq. of Title 42 of the United States Code.

 

Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. and any successor thereto.

 

Multiemployer Plan” means any employee benefit plan of the type described in Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA, to which the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate makes or is obligated to make contributions, or during the preceding five plan years, has made or been obligated to make contributions.

 

Multiple Employer Plan” means a Plan which has two or more contributing sponsors (including the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate) at least two of whom are not under common control, as such a plan is described in Section 4064 of ERISA.

 

Note” means a promissory note made by the Borrower in favor of a Lender evidencing Loans made by such Lender, substantially in the form of Exhibit B.

 

Obligations” means all advances to, and debts, liabilities, obligations, covenants and duties of, any Loan Party arising under (a) any Loan Document, (b) any treasury, depository, overdraft, credit or debit card, electronic funds transfer and other cash management services under or in respect of Cash Management Agreements, (c) all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other similar transactions or any combination of the foregoing under or in respect of Hedge Agreements and (d) any Loan, whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against any Loan Party or any Affiliate thereof of any proceeding

 

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under any Debtor Relief Laws naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such proceeding.

 

Olmstead Indenture” means that certain Indenture, dated as of September 30, 2009, by and among the Borrower, U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee and collateral agent, and the other Persons, if any, party thereto.

 

Olmstead Maturity Date” means the “Maturity Date” under and as defined in the Olmstead Indenture.

 

Olmstead Notes” means the “Notes” under and as defined in the Olmstead Indenture.

 

Organization Documents” means, (a) with respect to any corporation, the certificate or articles of incorporation and the bylaws (or equivalent or comparable constitutive documents with respect to any non-U.S. jurisdiction); (b) with respect to any limited liability company, the certificate or articles of formation or organization and operating agreement; and (c) with respect to any partnership, joint venture, trust or other form of business entity, the partnership, joint venture or other applicable agreement of formation or organization and any agreement, instrument, filing or notice with respect thereto filed in connection with its formation or organization with the applicable Governmental Authority in the jurisdiction of its formation or organization and, if applicable, any certificate or articles of formation or organization of such entity.

 

Other Taxes” means all present or future stamp or documentary taxes or any other excise or property taxes, charges or similar levies arising from any payment made hereunder or under any other Loan Document or from the execution, delivery or enforcement of, or otherwise with respect to, this Agreement or any other Loan Document.

 

Outstanding Amount” means with respect to Loans on any date, the aggregate outstanding principal amount thereof after giving effect to any borrowings and prepayments or repayments of Loans, occurring on such date.

 

Participant” has the meaning specified in Section 10.06(d).

 

Patriot Act” means the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001).

 

PBGC” means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.

 

Pension Act” means the Pension Protection Act of 2006, as amended.

 

Pension Funding Rules” means the rules of the Code and ERISA regarding minimum required contributions (including any installment payment thereof) to Pension Plans and set forth in, with respect to plan years ending prior to the effective date of the Pension Act, Section 412 of the Code and Section 302 of ERISA, each as in effect prior to the Pension Act and, thereafter, Section 412, 430, 431, 432 and 436 of the Code and Sections 302, 303, 304 and 305 of ERISA.

 

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Pension Plan” means any employee pension benefit plan (including a Multiple Employer Plan or a Multiemployer Plan) that is maintained or is contributed to by the Borrower and any ERISA Affiliate and is either covered by Title IV of ERISA or is subject to the minimum funding standards under Section 412 of the Code.

 

Person” means any natural person, corporation, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, association, company, partnership, Governmental Authority or other entity.

 

Plan” means any employee benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA (including a Pension Plan), maintained for employees of the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate or any such Plan to which the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate is required to contribute on behalf of any of its employees.

 

Platform” has the meaning specified in Section 6.02.

 

Public Lender” has the meaning specified in Section 6.02.

 

Register” has the meaning specified in Section 10.06(c).

 

Related Parties” means, with respect to any Person, such Person’s Affiliates and the partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees and advisors of such Person and of such Person’s Affiliates.

 

Reportable Event” means any of the events set forth in Section 4043(c) of ERISA, other than events for which the 30 day notice period has been waived.

 

Request for Credit Extension” means with respect to a Borrowing, conversion or continuation of Loans, a Loan Notice.

 

Required Lenders” means, as of any date of determination, Lenders holding more than 50% of the sum of the (a) Total Outstandings and (b) aggregate unused Aggregate Commitments; provided that the unused Commitment of, and the portion of the aggregate Total Outstandings held or deemed held by, any Defaulting Lender shall be excluded for purposes of making a determination of Required Lenders.

 

Responsible Officer” means the chief executive officer, president, chief financial officer, treasurer, assistant treasurer or controller of a Loan Party, and solely for purposes of the delivery of incumbency certificates pursuant to Section 4.01, the secretary or any assistant secretary of a Loan Party and, solely for purposes of notices given pursuant to Article II, any other officer or employee of the applicable Borrower so designated by any of the foregoing officers in a notice to the Administrative Agent.  Any document delivered hereunder that is signed by a Responsible Officer of a Loan Party shall be conclusively presumed to have been authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership and/or other action on the part of such Loan Party.  Such Responsible Officer shall be conclusively presumed to have acted in his or her capacity as an officer of, and on behalf of such Loan Party, and not in his or her individual capacity.

 

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Restricted Payment” means any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, securities or other property) with respect to any capital stock or other Equity Interest of the Borrower or any Subsidiary, or any payment (whether in cash, securities or other property), including any sinking fund or similar deposit, on account of the purchase, redemption, retirement, defeasance, acquisition, cancellation or termination of any such capital stock or other Equity Interest, or on account of any return of capital to the Borrower’s stockholders, partners or members (or the equivalent Person thereof).

 

S&P” means Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., and any successor thereto.

 

SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to any of its principal functions.

 

Security Agreement” means, collectively, (a) the Security Agreement, dated as of the Closing Date, among the Borrower, the other Loan Parties and the Administrative Agent and (b) any other security agreement executed after the Closing Date among one or more Loan Parties and the Administrative Agent.

 

Securities Account Control Agreement” means an agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent establishing the Administrative Agent’s “control” (as such term is defined in the UCC) with respect to any securities account.

 

Social Security Act” means the Social Security Act of 1965.

 

Solvent” and “Solvency” mean, with respect to any Person on any date of determination, that on such date (a) the fair value of the property of such Person is greater than the total amount of liabilities, including contingent liabilities, of such Person, (b) the present fair salable value of the assets of such Person is not less than the amount that will be required to pay the probable liability of such Person on its debts as they become absolute and matured, (c) such Person does not intend to, and does not believe that it will, incur debts or liabilities beyond such Person’s ability to pay such debts and liabilities as they mature, (d) such Person is not engaged in business or a transaction, and is not about to engage in business or a transaction, for which such Person’s property would constitute an unreasonably small capital, and (e) such Person is able to pay its debts and liabilities, contingent obligations and other commitments as they mature in the ordinary course of business.  The amount of contingent liabilities at any time shall be computed as the amount that, in the light of all the facts and circumstances existing at such time, represents the amount that can reasonably be expected to become an actual or matured liability.

 

Specified Accounts” means (a) the deposit accounts in the name of the Borrower and any other Loan Party subject to a Deposit Account Control Agreement and (b) securities accounts in the name of the Borrower and any other Loan Party subject to a Securities Account Control Agreement, which Account Control Agreements shall, in each case, provide the Administrative Agent with the ability to monitor the balances in such accounts (including information regarding any withdrawals, deposits and trades relating to such accounts and receipt by the Administrative Agent of continuous account information and monitoring) in a manner and pursuant to terms reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.  Notwithstanding the

 

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foregoing, in no event shall (i) the Administrative Agent’s Account or (ii) any account in which cash collateral maintained for letters of credit issued by Bank of America for the account of the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower, in each case, be deemed a Specified Account.

 

Specified Covenants” means the covenants contained in Sections 7.01, 7.02, 7.03, 7.05 and 7.14.

 

Specified Securities” means Cash Equivalents and marketable securities owned by the Borrower and the other Loan Parties in accordance with the Borrower’s investment policies as approved by the Borrower’s Board of Directors and as in effect on the Closing Date, with such changes and other modifications as may be approved by the Administrative Agent (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld).

 

Subsidiary” of a Person means a corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other business entity of which a majority of the shares of securities or other interests having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other governing body (other than securities or interests having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) are at the time beneficially owned, or the management of which is otherwise controlled, directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, or both, by such Person.  Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to a “Subsidiary” or to “Subsidiaries” shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Borrower.

 

Swap Contract” means (a) any and all rate swap transactions, basis swaps, credit derivative transactions, forward rate transactions, commodity swaps, commodity options, forward commodity contracts, equity or equity index swaps or options, bond or bond price or bond index swaps or options or forward bond or forward bond price or forward bond index transactions, interest rate options, forward foreign exchange transactions, cap transactions, floor transactions, collar transactions, currency swap transactions, cross-currency rate swap transactions, currency options, spot contracts, or any other similar transactions or any combination of any of the foregoing (including any options to enter into any of the foregoing), whether or not any such transaction is governed by or subject to any master agreement, and (b) any and all transactions of any kind, and the related confirmations, which are subject to the terms and conditions of, or governed by, any form of master agreement published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc., any International Foreign Exchange Master Agreement, or any other master agreement (any such master agreement, together with any related schedules, a “Master Agreement”), including any such obligations or liabilities under any Master Agreement.

 

Swap Termination Value” means, in respect of any one or more Swap Contracts, after taking into account the effect of any legally enforceable netting agreement relating to such Swap Contracts, (a) for any date on or after the date such Swap Contracts have been closed out and termination value(s) determined in accordance therewith, such termination value(s), and (b) for any date prior to the date referenced in clause (a), the amount(s) determined as the mark-to-market value(s) for such Swap Contracts, as determined based upon one or more mid-market or other readily available quotations provided by any recognized dealer in such Swap Contracts (which may include a Lender or any Affiliate of a Lender).

 

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Synthetic Lease Obligation” means the monetary obligation of a Person under (a) a so-called synthetic, off-balance sheet or tax retention lease, or (b) an agreement for the use or possession of property (including sale and leaseback transactions), in each case, creating obligations that do not appear on the balance sheet of such Person but which, upon the application of any Debtor Relief Laws to such Person, would be characterized as the indebtedness of such Person (without regard to accounting treatment).

 

Taxes” means all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.

 

Tax and Judgment Liabilities” means, at any time, an amount equal to the sum of (a) the aggregate amount of all Taxes of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries that are the subject of any contest or dispute by such Person and (b) the aggregate amount of all final judgments or orders for the payment of money entered against the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower (to the extent not covered by independent third-party insurance as to which the insurer is rated at least “A” by A.M. Best Company, has been notified of the potential claim and does not dispute coverage).

 

Telaprevir (VX-950)” means the Borrower’s proprietary oral HCV protease inhibitor intended for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, known as VX-950 or telaprevir.

 

Threshold Amount” means $5,000,000.

 

Total Outstandings” means the aggregate Outstanding Amount of all Loans.

 

Trigger Event Date” means the earliest of the first date on which (a) a Default occurs and (b) the Borrower shall have delivered to the Administrative Agent a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower pursuant to Section 7.14(a)(iii)(B), which certificate shall demonstrate that the Borrower shall not be in compliance with any of the covenants contained in Section 7.11 immediately prior to or after giving pro forma effect to any payment to be made pursuant to Section 7.14(a)(iii)(B).

 

Trigger Event Date Transfer” has the meaning specified in Section 2.12(b)(iii).

 

Type” means, with respect to a Loan, its character as a Base Rate Loan or a LIBOR Rate Loan.

 

UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; provided that, if perfection or the effect of perfection or non-perfection or the priority of any security interest in any Collateral is governed by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in a jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, “UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect from time to time in such other jurisdiction for purposes of the provisions hereof relating to such perfection, effect of perfection or non-perfection or priority.

 

United States” and “U.S.” mean the United States of America.

 

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1.02.       Other Interpretive Provisions.  With reference to this Agreement and each other Loan Document, unless otherwise specified herein or in such other Loan Document:

 

(a)           The definitions of terms herein shall apply equally to the singular and plural forms of the terms defined.  Whenever the context may require, any pronoun shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine and neuter forms.  The words “include,” “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.”  The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall.”  Unless the context requires otherwise, (i) any definition of or reference to any agreement, instrument or other document (including any Organization Document) shall be construed as referring to such agreement, instrument or other document as from time to time amended, supplemented or otherwise modified (subject to any restrictions on such amendments, supplements or modifications set forth herein or in any other Loan Document), (ii) any reference herein to any Person shall be construed to include such Person’s successors and assigns, (iii) the words “hereto,” “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” and words of similar import when used in any Loan Document, shall be construed to refer to such Loan Document in its entirety and not to any particular provision thereof, (iv) all references in a Loan Document to Articles, Sections, Preliminary Statements, Exhibits and Schedules shall be construed to refer to Articles and Sections of, and Preliminary Statements, Exhibits and Schedules to, the Loan Document in which such references appear, (v) any reference to any law shall include all statutory and regulatory provisions consolidating, amending, replacing or interpreting such law and any reference to any law or regulation shall, unless otherwise specified, refer to such law or regulation as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, and (vi) the words “asset” and “property” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect and to refer to any and all tangible and intangible assets and properties, including cash, securities, accounts and contract rights.

 

(b)           In the computation of periods of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word “from” means “from and including;” the words “to” and “until” each mean “to but excluding;” and the word “through” means “to and including.”

 

(c)           Section headings herein and in the other Loan Documents are included for convenience of reference only and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement or any other Loan Document.

 

1.03.       Accounting Terms.  (a) Generally.  All accounting terms not specifically or completely defined herein shall be construed in conformity with, and all financial data (including financial ratios and other financial calculations) required to be submitted pursuant to this Agreement shall be prepared in conformity with, GAAP applied on a consistent basis, as in effect from time to time, applied in a manner consistent with that used in preparing the Audited Financial Statements, except as otherwise specifically prescribed herein.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of determining compliance with any covenant (including the computation of any financial covenant) contained herein, Indebtedness of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall be deemed to be carried at 100% of the outstanding principal amount thereof, and the effects of FASB ASC 825 and FASB ASC 470-20 on financial liabilities shall be disregarded.

 

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(b)           Changes in GAAP.  If at any time any change in GAAP would affect the computation of any financial ratio or requirement set forth in any Loan Document, and either the Borrower or the Required Lenders shall so request, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the Borrower shall negotiate in good faith to amend such ratio or requirement to preserve the original intent thereof in light of such change in GAAP (subject to the approval of the Required Lenders); provided that, until so amended, (i) such ratio or requirement shall continue to be computed in accordance with GAAP prior to such change therein and (ii) the Borrower shall provide to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders financial statements and other documents required under this Agreement or as reasonably requested hereunder setting forth a reconciliation between calculations of such ratio or requirement made before and after giving effect to such change in GAAP.

 

(c)           Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.  All references herein to consolidated financial statements of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries or to the determination of any amount for the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis or any similar reference shall, in each case, be deemed to include each variable interest entity that the Borrower is required to consolidate pursuant to FASB ASC 810 as if such variable interest entity were a Subsidiary as defined herein.

 

1.04.       Rounding.  Any financial ratios required to be maintained by the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement shall be calculated by dividing the appropriate component by the other component, carrying the result to one place more than the number of places by which such ratio is expressed herein and rounding the result up or down to the nearest number (with a rounding-up if there is no nearest number).

 

1.05.       Times of Day.  Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to times of day shall be references to Eastern time (daylight or standard, as applicable).

 

ARTICLE II.
THE COMMITMENTS AND CREDIT EXTENSIONS

 

2.01.       The Loans.  Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, each Lender severally agrees to make loans (each such loan, a “Loan”) to the Borrower from time to time, on any Business Day during the Availability Period, in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time outstanding the amount of such Lender’s Commitment; provided, however, that after giving effect to any Borrowing, (i) the Total Outstandings on such date shall not exceed the Aggregate Commitments, and (ii) the aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Loans of any Lender shall not exceed such Lender’s Commitment.  Within the limits of each Lender’s Commitment, and subject to the other terms and conditions hereof, the Borrower may borrow under this Section 2.01, prepay under Section 2.03, and reborrow under this Section 2.01.  Loans may be Base Rate Loans or LIBOR Rate Loans, as further provided herein.

 

2.02.       Borrowings, Conversions and Continuations of Loans.  (a)  Each Borrowing, each conversion of Loans from one Type to the other, and each continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans shall be made upon the Borrower’s irrevocable notice to the Administrative Agent, which may be given by telephone.  Subject to Section 4.02(b) with respect to the Initial Borrowing Request, each such notice must be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 12:00

 

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noon (i) three Business Days prior to the requested date of any Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans or of any conversion of LIBOR Rate Loans to Base Rate Loans, or (ii) on the requested date of any Borrowing of Base Rate Loans.  Each telephonic notice by the Borrower pursuant to this Section 2.02(a) must be confirmed promptly by delivery to the Administrative Agent of a written Loan Notice, appropriately completed and signed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower.  Each Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of $5,000,000 or a whole multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof.  Each Borrowing of or conversion to Base Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of $500,000 or a whole multiple of $100,000 in excess thereof.  Each Loan Notice (whether telephonic or written) shall specify (i) whether the Borrower is requesting a Borrowing, a conversion of Loans from one Type to the other, or a continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans, (ii) the requested date of the Borrowing, conversion or continuation, as the case may be (which shall be a Business Day), (iii) the principal amount of Loans to be borrowed, converted or continued, (iv) the Type of Loans to be borrowed or which existing Loans are to be converted, and (v) if applicable, the duration of the Interest Period with respect thereto.  If the Borrower fails to specify a Type of Loan in a Loan Notice or if the Borrower fails to give a timely notice requesting a conversion or continuation, then the applicable Loans shall be made as, or converted to, Base Rate Loans.  Any such automatic conversion to Base Rate Loans shall be effective as of the last day of the Interest Period then in effect with respect to the applicable LIBOR Rate Loans.  If the Borrower requests a Borrowing of, conversion to, or continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans in any such Loan Notice, but fails to specify an Interest Period, it will be deemed to have specified an Interest Period of one month.

 

(b)           Following receipt of a Loan Notice, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender of the amount of its Applicable Percentage of the Loans, and if no timely notice of a conversion or continuation is provided by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent shall notify each Lender of the details of any automatic conversion to Base Rate Loans described in Section 2.02(a).  In the case of a Borrowing, each Lender shall make the amount of its Loan available to the Administrative Agent in immediately available funds at the Administrative Agent’s Office not later than 1:00 p.m. on the Business Day specified in the applicable Loan Notice.  Upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions set forth in Section 4.03 (and, if such Borrowing is the initial Borrowing, Section 4.02), the Administrative Agent shall make all funds so received available to the Borrower in like funds as received by the Administrative Agent either by (i) crediting the account of the Borrower on the books of Bank of America with the amount of such funds or (ii) wire transfer of such funds, in each case in accordance with instructions provided to (and reasonably acceptable to) the Administrative Agent by the Borrower.

 

(c)           Except as otherwise provided herein, a LIBOR Rate Loan may be continued or converted only on the last day of an Interest Period for such LIBOR Rate Loan.  During the existence of a Default, no Loans may be requested as, converted to or continued as LIBOR Rate Loans without the consent of the Required Lenders.

 

(d)           The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrower and the Lenders of the interest rate applicable to any Interest Period for LIBOR Rate Loans upon determination of such interest rate.  At any time that Base Rate Loans are outstanding, the Administrative Agent

 

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shall notify the Borrower and the Lenders of any change in Bank of America’s prime rate used in determining the Base Rate promptly following the public announcement of such change.

 

(e)           After giving effect to all Borrowings, all conversions of Loans from one Type to the other, and all continuations of Loans as the same Type, there shall not be more than 6 Interest Periods in effect.

 

2.03.       Prepayments.  (a)  Optional.  The Borrower may, upon notice to the Administrative Agent, at any time or from time to time voluntarily prepay Loans in whole or in part without premium or penalty; provided that (A) such notice must be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 12:00 noon (1) three Business Days prior to any date of prepayment of LIBOR Rate Loans and (2) on the date of prepayment of Base Rate Loans; (B) any prepayment of LIBOR Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of $5,000,000 or a whole multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof; and (C) any prepayment of Base Rate Loans shall be in a principal amount of $500,000 or a whole multiple of $100,000 in excess thereof or, in each case, if less, the entire principal amount thereof then outstanding.  Each such notice shall specify the date and amount of such prepayment and the Type(s) of Loans to be prepaid and, if LIBOR Rate Loans are to be prepaid, the Interest Period(s) of such Loans.  The Administrative Agent will promptly notify each Lender of its receipt of each such notice, and of the amount of such Lender’s Applicable Percentage of such prepayment.  If such notice is given by the Borrower, the Borrower shall make such prepayment and the payment amount specified in such notice shall be due and payable on the date specified therein.  Any prepayment of a LIBOR Rate Loan shall be accompanied by all accrued interest on the amount prepaid, together with any additional amounts required pursuant to Section 3.05.  Subject to Section 2.13, each such prepayment shall be applied to the Loans of the Lenders in accordance with their respective Applicable Percentages.

 

(b)           Mandatory.  If for any reason the Total Outstandings at any time exceed the Aggregate Commitments at such time, the Borrower shall immediately prepay the Loans in an aggregate amount equal to such excess.

 

2.04.       Termination or Reduction of Commitments; Release of Cash and Specified Securities in Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account.  (a)  The Borrower may, upon notice to the Administrative Agent, terminate the Aggregate Commitments, or from time to time permanently reduce the Aggregate Commitments; provided that (i) any such notice shall be received by the Administrative Agent not later than 12:00 noon three (3) Business Days (or, at any time prior to the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date, one (1) Business Day) prior to the date of termination or reduction, (ii) any such partial reduction shall be in an aggregate amount of $10,000,000 or any whole multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof, and (iii) the Borrower shall not terminate or reduce the Aggregate Commitments if, after giving effect thereto and to any concurrent prepayments hereunder, the Total Outstandings would exceed the Aggregate Commitments.  The Administrative Agent will promptly notify the Lenders of any such notice of termination or reduction of the Aggregate Commitments.  Any reduction of the Aggregate Commitments shall be applied to the Commitment of each Lender according to its Applicable Percentage.  All fees accrued until the effective date of any termination of the Aggregate Commitments shall be paid on the effective date of such termination.

 

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(b)           If the Aggregate Commitments are permanently reduced as provided in Section 2.04(a), the Margined Liquidity Amount and the amount required to be transferred to and maintained in the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account pursuant to Section 2.12 shall also be permanently reduced, on a dollar-for-dollar basis, and, at any time after the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer, any cash and/or Specified Securities in the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account in excess of the newly reduced Aggregate Commitments shall either (i) be released by the Administrative Agent to the Borrower (it being understood that Specified Securities, if any, shall be released first) or (ii) at the request of the Borrower pursuant to Section 2.04(c), applied to any required concurrent prepayment of the Total Outstandings pursuant to Section 2.04(a).

 

(c)           In the event that the Borrower shall be required to make any prepayment of the Total Outstandings in connection with the termination or reduction of the Aggregate Commitments pursuant to Section 2.04(a), at the request of the Borrower at any time after the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer (which request shall be received concurrently with any such notice of termination or reduction of the Aggregate Commitments pursuant to Section 2.04(a)), the Administrative Agent shall apply cash and/or the proceeds of any Specified Securities in the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account to such required prepayment of the Total Outstandings.  Upon the termination of the Aggregate Commitments and the repayment in full in cash of all Obligations under the Loan Documents, the Administrative Agent shall release to the Borrower all cash and Specified Securities in the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account.

 

2.05.       Repayment of Loans.  The Borrower shall repay to the Lenders on the Maturity Date the aggregate principal amount of all Loans outstanding on such date.

 

2.06.       Interest.  (a)  Subject to the provisions of Section 2.06(b), (i) each LIBOR Rate Loan shall bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof for each Interest Period at a rate per annum equal to the LIBOR Rate for such Interest Period plus the Applicable Rate; and (ii) each Base Rate Loan shall bear interest on the outstanding principal amount thereof from the applicable borrowing date at a rate per annum equal to the Base Rate.

 

(b)           (i)            If any amount of principal of any Loan is not paid when due (without regard to any applicable grace periods), whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, such amount shall thereafter bear interest at a fluctuating interest rate per annum at all times equal to the Default Rate to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Laws.

 

(ii)           If any amount (other than principal of any Loan) payable by the Borrower under any Loan Document is not paid when due (without regard to any applicable grace periods), whether at stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise, then upon the request of the Required Lenders, such amount shall thereafter bear interest at a fluctuating interest rate per annum at all times equal to the Default Rate to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Laws.

 

(iii)          Upon the request of the Required Lenders, while any Event of Default exists, the Borrower shall pay interest on the principal amount of all outstanding

 

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Obligations hereunder at a fluctuating interest rate per annum at all times equal to the Default Rate to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Laws.

 

(iv)          Accrued and unpaid interest on past due amounts (including interest on past due interest) shall be due and payable upon demand.

 

(c)           Interest on each Loan shall be due and payable in arrears on each Interest Payment Date applicable thereto and at such other times as may be specified herein.  Interest hereunder shall be due and payable in accordance with the terms hereof before and after judgment, and before and after the commencement of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law.

 

2.07.       Fees.

 

(a)           Commitment Fee.  The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for the account of each Lender in accordance with its Applicable Percentage, a commitment fee (a “Commitment Fee”) equal to the 0.75% per annum times the actual daily amount by which the Aggregate Commitments exceed the Total Outstandings, subject to adjustment as provided in Section 2.13.  The Commitment Fee shall accrue at all times from and after the Closing Date until the Maturity Date or any earlier date on which the Aggregate Commitments shall terminate, including at any time during which one or more of the conditions in Article IV is not met, and shall be due and payable monthly in arrears on the last Business Day of each calendar month, commencing with the first such date to occur after the Closing Date, and on the Maturity Date or any earlier date on which the Aggregate Commitments shall terminate.  The Commitment Fee shall be calculated monthly in arrears.

 

(b)           Other Fees.  The Borrower shall pay to the Administrative Agent for their own respective accounts fees in the amounts and at the times specified in the Fee Letter.  Such fees shall be fully earned when paid and shall not be refundable for any reason whatsoever.

 

2.08.       Computation of Interest and Fees.  All computations of fees and interest shall be made on the basis of a 360-day year and actual days elapsed (which results in more fees or interest, as applicable, being paid than if computed on the basis of a 365-day year).  Interest shall accrue on each Loan for the day on which the Loan is made, and shall not accrue on a Loan, or any portion thereof, for the day on which the Loan or such portion is paid, provided that any Loan that is repaid on the same day on which it is made shall, subject to Section 2.10(a), bear interest for one day.  Each determination by the Administrative Agent of an interest rate or fee hereunder shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes, absent manifest error.

 

2.09.       Evidence of Debt.  (a)  The Credit Extensions made by each Lender shall be evidenced by one or more accounts or records maintained by such Lender and by the Administrative Agent in the ordinary course of business.  The accounts or records maintained by the Administrative Agent and each Lender shall be prima facie evidence of the amount of the Credit Extensions made by the Lenders to the Borrower and the interest and payments thereon.  Any failure to so record or any error in doing so shall not, however, limit or otherwise affect the obligation of the Borrower hereunder to pay any amount owing with respect to the Obligations.  In the event of any conflict between the accounts and records maintained by any Lender and the

 

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accounts and records of the Administrative Agent in respect of such matters, the accounts and records of the Administrative Agent shall control in the absence of manifest error.  Upon the request of any Lender made through the Administrative Agent, the Borrower shall execute and deliver to such Lender (through the Administrative Agent) a Note, which shall evidence such Lender’s Loans in addition to such accounts or records.  Each Lender may attach schedules to its Note and endorse thereon the date, Type (if applicable), amount and maturity of its Loans and payments with respect thereto.

 

(b)           In addition to the accounts and records referred to in Section 2.09(a), each Lender and the Administrative Agent shall maintain in accordance with it usual practice accounts or records evidencing the purchase or sales of any Loan and Commitments by such Lender.  In the event of any conflict between the accounts and records maintained by any Lender and the accounts and records of the Administrative Agent in respect of such matters, the accounts and records of the Administrative Agent shall control in the absence of manifest error.

 

2.10.       Payments Generally; Administrative Agent’s Clawback.  (a)  General.  All payments to be made by the Borrower shall be made without condition or deduction for any counterclaim, defense, recoupment or setoff.  Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all payments by the Borrower hereunder shall be made to the Administrative Agent, for the account of the respective Lenders to which such payment is owed, at the Administrative Agent’s Office in Dollars and in immediately available funds not later than 2:00 p.m. on the date specified herein.  The Administrative Agent will promptly distribute to each Lender its Applicable Percentage (or other applicable share as provided herein) of such payment in like funds as received by wire transfer to such Lender’s Lending Office.  All payments received by the Administrative Agent after 2:00 p.m. shall be deemed received on the next succeeding Business Day and any applicable interest or fee shall continue to accrue.  If any payment to be made by the Borrower shall come due on a day other than a Business Day, payment shall be made on the next following Business Day, and such extension of time shall be reflected in computing interest or fees, as the case may be.

 

(b)           (i)            Funding by Lenders; Presumption by Administrative Agent.  Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from a Lender prior to the proposed date of any Borrowing of LIBOR Rate Loans (or, in the case of any Borrowing of Base Rate Loans, prior to 12:00 noon on the date of such Borrowing) that such Lender will not make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender’s share of such Borrowing, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such share available on such date in accordance with Section 2.02 (or, in the case of a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans, that such Lender has made such share available in accordance with and at the time required by Section 2.02) and may, in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Borrower a corresponding amount.  In such event, if a Lender has not in fact made its share of the applicable Borrowing available to the Administrative Agent, then the applicable Lender and the Borrower severally agree to pay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand such corresponding amount in immediately available funds with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is made available to the Borrower to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at (A) in the case of a payment to be made by such Lender, the greater of the Federal Funds Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation, plus any administrative, processing or similar fees customarily charged by the

 

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Administrative Agent in connection with the foregoing, and (B) in the case of a payment to be made by the Borrower, the interest rate applicable to Base Rate Loans.  If the Borrower and such Lender shall pay such interest to the Administrative Agent for the same or an overlapping period, the Administrative Agent shall promptly remit to the Borrower the amount of such interest paid by the Borrower for such period.  If such Lender pays its share of the applicable Borrowing to the Administrative Agent, then the amount so paid shall constitute such Lender’s Loan included in such Borrowing.  Any payment by the Borrower shall be without prejudice to any claim the Borrower may have against a Lender that shall have failed to make such payment to the Administrative Agent.

 

(ii)           Payments by Borrower; Presumptions by Administrative Agent.  Unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from the Borrower prior to the date on which any payment is due to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lenders hereunder that the Borrower will not make such payment, the Administrative Agent may assume that the Borrower has made such payment on such date in accordance herewith and may, in reliance upon such assumption, distribute to the Lenders the amount due.  In such event, if the Borrower has not in fact made such payment, then each of the Lenders severally agrees to repay to the Administrative Agent forthwith on demand the amount so distributed to such Lender, in immediately available funds with interest thereon, for each day from and including the date such amount is distributed to it to but excluding the date of payment to the Administrative Agent, at the greater of the Federal Funds Rate and a rate determined by the Administrative Agent in accordance with banking industry rules on interbank compensation.

 

A notice of the Administrative Agent to any Lender or the Borrower with respect to any amount owing under this subsection (b) shall be prima facie evidence of such amounts.

 

(c)           Failure to Satisfy Conditions Precedent.  If any Lender makes available to the Administrative Agent funds for any Loan to be made by such Lender as provided in the foregoing provisions of this Article II, and such funds are not made available to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent because the conditions to the applicable Credit Extension set forth in Article IV are not satisfied or waived in accordance with the terms hereof, the Administrative Agent shall return such funds (in like funds as received from such Lender) to such Lender, without interest.

 

(d)           Obligations of Lenders Several.  The obligations of the Lenders hereunder to make Loans and to make payments pursuant to Section 10.04(c) are several and not joint.  The failure of any Lender to make any Loan, to fund any such participation or to make any payment under Section 10.04(c) on any date required hereunder shall not relieve any other Lender of its corresponding obligation to do so on such date, and no Lender shall be responsible for the failure of any other Lender to so make its Loan, to purchase its participation or to make its payment under Section 10.04(c).

 

(e)           Funding Source.  Nothing herein shall be deemed to obligate any Lender to obtain the funds for any Loan in any particular place or manner or to constitute a representation by any Lender that it has obtained or will obtain the funds for any Loan in any particular place or manner.

 

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(f)            Authorization for Payment of Interest, Fees and other Amounts.  The Borrower hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to debit any deposit account of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties maintained with the Administrative Agent for each payment of interest, fees, premiums, reimbursable expenses (including, without limitation, all reimbursement for fees and expenses pursuant to Section 10.04), and other sums payable under the Loan Documents.

 

2.11.       Sharing of Payments by Lenders.  If any Lender shall, by exercising any right of setoff or counterclaim or otherwise, obtain payment in respect of any principal of or interest on any of the Loans made by it, resulting in such Lender’s receiving payment of a proportion of the aggregate amount of such Loans and accrued interest thereon greater than its pro rata share thereof as provided herein, then the Lender receiving such greater proportion shall (a) notify the Administrative Agent of such fact, and (b) purchase (for cash at face value) participations in the Loans of the other Lenders, or make such other adjustments as shall be equitable, so that the benefit of all such payments shall be shared by the Lenders ratably in accordance with the aggregate amount of principal of and accrued interest on their respective Loans and other amounts owing them, provided that:

 

(i)            if any such participations are purchased and all or any portion of the payment giving rise thereto is recovered, such participations shall be rescinded and the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, without interest; and

 

(ii)           the provisions of this Section shall not be construed to apply to (x) any payment made by or on behalf of the Borrower pursuant to and in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement (including the application of funds arising from the existence of a Defaulting Lender), or (y) any payment obtained by a Lender as consideration for the assignment of or sale of a participation in any of its Loans to any assignee or participant, other than an assignment to the Borrower or any Affiliate thereof (as to which the provisions of this Section shall apply).

 

The Borrower consents to the foregoing and agrees, to the extent it may effectively do so under applicable Law, that any Lender acquiring a participation pursuant to the foregoing arrangements may exercise against the Borrower rights of setoff and counterclaim with respect to such participation as fully as if such Lender were a direct creditor of the Borrower in the amount of such participation.

 

2.12.       Guaranties and Security.

 

(a)           Guaranties.  Payment and performance of all of the Obligations shall be unconditionally guarantied by the Guarantors.

 

(b)           Security.

 

(i)            Springing Lien.  Subject to clause (iv) hereof, from and at all times after the Trigger Event Date (without any further action of the Borrower, any other Loan Party, the Administrative Agent, any other Credit Provider Party or any other Person), all of the Obligations shall be secured by a perfected first-priority Lien in the Collateral (including, without limitation, all Control Accounts, all of the cash, securities and other amounts from time to time in the Control Accounts and all of the proceeds of the foregoing,

 

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which, at no time, shall be subject to any Lien other than (x) the Lien described in this clause (i) and (y) any Liens permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01) in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties.

 

(ii)           Access to Control Accounts.  Each Account Control Agreement shall provide, among other things (A) in the case of any securities account, that the applicable securities intermediary will comply, in each case without further consent of the Borrower or any other Loan Party or any other Person, at any time with entitlement orders or other instructions from the Administrative Agent to such securities intermediary as to such securities or other investment property and (B) in the case of any Deposit Account, that the applicable depositary bank will comply without further consent of the Borrower or any other Loan Party or any other Person, at any time with instructions from the Administrative Agent to such depositary bank directing the disposition of funds from time to time credited to the applicable deposit accounts.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrative Agent and the other Credit Parties agree that the Administrative Agent shall not give any such entitlement orders, instructions or otherwise withhold any withdrawal or dealing rights from the Borrower or any Loan Party, unless the Trigger Event Date has occurred, or, if effect were given to any withdrawal not otherwise permitted by the Loan Documents, would occur.

 

(iii)          Transfers Upon Occurrence of Trigger Event Date.  Upon the occurrence of a Trigger Event Date, the Administrative Agent shall cause the transfer to, and shall have received in, the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account an aggregate amount equal to $100,000,000 (subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 2.04) of cash (or if sufficient cash is not then available, Specified Securities of the types set forth on Schedule 1.01 (the value of which shall be equal to the Advance Rate Percentage of the Current Market Value of such Specified Securities)) from the Specified Accounts, to be held by the Administrative Agent (for the benefit of the Credit Provider Parties) as collateral security for the Obligations (such transfer and receipt of such amounts being hereinafter referred to as the “Trigger Event Date Transfer”).

 

(iv)          Termination of Account Control Agreements.  Upon the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer, the Administrative Agent shall, at the sole cost and expense of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties, promptly take such action to terminate all Account Control Agreements with respect to each Control Account and shall release its Lien on each Control Account (including the funds on deposit in each such account); provided that (i) in no event shall the Administrative Agent release its Lien on any Collateral maintained in the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account until the date that all Obligations under the Loan Documents are satisfied in full in cash and all Commitments of the Lenders have been terminated and (ii) the foregoing shall in no way affect any arrangements for cash collateral for any letters of credit issued by Bank of America for the account of the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower.

 

(v)           Minimum Account Balance.  If, at any time after the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer, the aggregate amount of cash and Specified Securities of the types set forth on Schedule 1.01 (the value of which shall be equal to the Advance Rate Percentage of the Current Market Value of such Specified Securities) maintained in

 

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the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account is less than $100,000,000 (subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 2.04), the Borrower shall, within two (2) Business Days, deposit additional cash or Specified Securities of the types set forth on Schedule 1.01 in the Administrative Agent’s Account such that the aggregate amount of cash and such Specified Securities (the value of which shall be equal to the Advance Rate Percentage of the Current Market Value of such Specified Securities) maintained in the Administrative Agent’s Collateral Account is at least $100,000,000 (subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 2.04).

 

(vi)          New Control Accounts.  The Loan Parties may open new Control Accounts, subject to the execution and delivery to the Administrative Agent of appropriate Account Control Agreements consistent with the provisions of this Section 2.12 and otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.  The Loan Parties shall furnish the Administrative Agent with prior written notice of their intention to open or close a Control Account.

 

2.13.       Defaulting Lenders.

 

(a)           Adjustments.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, if any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, then, until such time as that Lender is no longer a Defaulting Lender, to the extent permitted by applicable Law:

 

(i)            Waivers and Amendments.  That Defaulting Lender’s right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent with respect to this Agreement shall be restricted as set forth in Section 10.01.

 

(ii)           Reallocation of Payments.  Any payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts received by the Administrative Agent for the account of that Defaulting Lender (whether voluntary or mandatory, at maturity, pursuant to Article VIII or otherwise, and including any amounts made available to the Administrative Agent by that Defaulting Lender pursuant to Section 10.08), shall be applied at such time or times as may be determined by the Administrative Agent as follows: first, to the payment of any amounts owing by that Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent hereunder; second, if so determined by the Administrative Agent, to be held as cash collateral for future funding obligations of that Defaulting Lender; third, as the Borrower may request (so long as no Default exists), to the funding of any Loan in respect of which that Defaulting Lender has failed to fund its portion thereof as required by this Agreement, as determined by the Administrative Agent; fourth, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Lenders as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by any Lender against that Defaulting Lender as a result of that Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; fifth, so long as no Default exists, to the payment of any amounts owing to the Borrower as a result of any judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction obtained by the Borrower against that Defaulting Lender as a result of that Defaulting Lender’s breach of its obligations under this Agreement; and sixth, to that Defaulting Lender or as otherwise directed by a court of competent jurisdiction; provided that if (x) such payment is a payment of the principal amount of any Loans in respect of which that Defaulting Lender has not fully funded its appropriate share and (y) such

 

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Loans were made at a time when the conditions set forth in Section 4.03 were satisfied or waived, such payment shall be applied solely to pay the Loans of all non-Defaulting Lenders on a pro rata basis prior to being applied to the payment of any Loans of that Defaulting Lender.  Any payments, prepayments or other amounts paid or payable to a Defaulting Lender that are applied (or held) to pay amounts owed by a Defaulting Lender or to post cash collateral pursuant to this Section 2.13(a)(ii) shall be deemed paid to and redirected by that Defaulting Lender, and each Lender irrevocably consents hereto.

 

(iii)          Certain Fees.  That Defaulting Lender shall not be entitled to receive any Commitment Fee pursuant to Section 2.07(a) for any period during which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender (and the Borrower shall not be required to pay any such fee that otherwise would have been required to have been paid to that Defaulting Lender).

 

(b)           Defaulting Lender Cure.  If the Borrower and the Administrative Agent agree in writing in their sole discretion that a Defaulting Lender should no longer be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender, the Administrative Agent will so notify the parties hereto, whereupon as of the effective date specified in such notice and subject to any conditions set forth therein (which may include arrangements with respect to any cash collateral), that Lender will, to the extent applicable, purchase that portion of outstanding Loans of the other Lenders or take such other actions as the Administrative Agent may determine to be necessary to cause the Loans to be held on a pro rata basis by the Lenders in accordance with their Applicable Percentages), whereupon that Lender will cease to be a Defaulting Lender; provided that no adjustments will be made retroactively with respect to fees accrued or payments made by or on behalf of the Borrower while that Lender was a Defaulting Lender; and provided, further, that except to the extent otherwise expressly agreed by the affected parties, no change hereunder from Defaulting Lender to Lender will constitute a waiver or release of any claim of any party hereunder arising from that Lender’s having been a Defaulting Lender.

 

ARTICLE III.
TAXES, YIELD PROTECTION AND ILLEGALITY

 

3.01.       Taxes.  (a) Payments Free of Taxes; Obligation to Withhold; Payments on Account of Taxes.  (i) Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of the Borrower hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall to the extent permitted by applicable Laws be made free and clear of and without reduction or withholding for any Taxes.  If, however, applicable Laws require the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to withhold or deduct any Tax, such Tax shall be withheld or deducted in accordance with such Laws as determined by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be, upon the basis of the information and documentation to be delivered pursuant to subsection (e) below.

 

(ii)           If the Borrower or the Administrative Agent shall be required by the Code to withhold or deduct any Taxes, including both United States Federal backup withholding and withholding taxes, from any payment, then (A) the Administrative Agent shall withhold or make such deductions as are determined by the Administrative Agent to be required based upon the information and documentation it has received pursuant to subsection (e) below, (B) the Administrative Agent shall timely pay the full amount withheld or deducted to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with

 

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the Code, and (C) to the extent that the withholding or deduction is made on account of Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes, the sum payable by the Borrower shall be increased as necessary so that after any required withholding or the making of all required deductions (including deductions applicable to additional sums payable under this Section) the Administrative Agent or Lender, as the case may be, receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such withholding or deduction been made.

 

(b)           Payment of Other Taxes by the Borrower.  Without limiting the provisions of subsection (a) above, the Borrower shall timely pay any Other Taxes to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable Laws.

 

(c)           Tax Indemnifications.  (i) Without limiting the provisions of subsection (a) or (b) above, the Borrower shall, and does hereby, indemnify the Administrative Agent and each Lender, and shall make payment in respect thereof within 10 Business Days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section) withheld or deducted by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent or paid by the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, and any penalties, interest and reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority.  The Borrower shall also, and does hereby, indemnify the Administrative Agent, and shall make payment in respect thereof within 10 Business Days after demand therefor, for any amount which a Lender for any reason fails to pay indefeasibly to the Administrative Agent as required by clause (ii) of this subsection.  A certificate as to the amount of any such payment or liability delivered to the Borrower by a Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

 

(ii)           Without limiting the provisions of subsection (a) or (b) above, each Lender shall, and does hereby, indemnify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, and shall make payment in respect thereof within 10 Business Days after demand therefor, against any and all Taxes and any and all related losses, claims, liabilities, penalties, interest and expenses (including the fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for the Borrower or the Administrative Agent) incurred by or asserted against the Borrower or the Administrative Agent by any Governmental Authority as a result of the failure by such Lender to deliver, or as a result of the inaccuracy, inadequacy or deficiency of, any documentation required to be delivered by such Lender to the Borrower or the Administrative Agent pursuant to subsection (e).  Each Lender hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to set off and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender under this Agreement or any other Loan Document against any amount due to the Administrative Agent under this clause (ii).  The agreements in this clause (ii) shall survive the resignation and/or replacement of the Administrative Agent, any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of the Aggregate Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all other Obligations.

 

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(d)           Evidence of Payments.  Upon request by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be, after any payment of Taxes by the Borrower or by the Administrative Agent to a Governmental Authority as provided in this Section 3.01, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent or the Administrative Agent shall deliver to the Borrower, as the case may be, the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of any return required by Laws to report such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be.

 

(e)           Status of Lenders; Tax Documentation.  (i)  Each Lender shall deliver to the Borrower and to the Administrative Agent, at the time or times prescribed by applicable Laws or when reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, such properly completed and executed documentation prescribed by applicable Laws or by the taxing authorities of any jurisdiction and such other reasonably requested information as will permit the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be, to determine (A) whether or not payments made hereunder or under any other Loan Document are subject to Taxes, (B) if applicable, the required rate of withholding or deduction, and (C) such Lender’s entitlement to any available exemption from, or reduction of, applicable Taxes in respect of all payments to be made to such Lender by the Borrower pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise to establish such Lender’s status for withholding tax purposes in the applicable jurisdiction.

 

(ii)           Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, if the Borrower is resident for tax purposes in the United States,

 

(A)          any Lender that is a “United States person” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or such other documentation or information prescribed by applicable Laws or reasonably requested by the Borrower or the Administrative Agent as will enable the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, as the case may be, to determine whether or not such Lender is subject to backup withholding or information reporting requirements; and

 

(B)           each Foreign Lender that is entitled under the Code or any applicable treaty to an exemption from or reduction of withholding tax with respect to payments hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall deliver to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent (in such number of copies as shall be requested by the recipient) on or prior to the date on which such Foreign Lender becomes a Lender under this Agreement (and from time to time thereafter upon the request of the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, but only if such Foreign Lender is legally entitled to do so), whichever of the following is applicable:

 

(I)            executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN claiming eligibility for benefits of an income tax treaty to which the United States is a party,

 

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(II)           executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI,

 

(III)         executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8IMY and all required supporting documentation,

 

(IV)         in the case of a Foreign Lender claiming the benefits of the exemption for portfolio interest under section 881(c) of the Code, (x) a certificate to the effect that such Foreign Lender is not (A) a “bank” within the meaning of section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, (B) a “10 percent shareholder” of the Borrower within the meaning of section 881(c)(3)(B) of the Code, or (C) a “controlled foreign corporation” described in section 881(c)(3)(C) of the Code and (y) executed originals of Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN, or

 

(V)           executed originals of any other form prescribed by applicable Laws as a basis for claiming exemption from or a reduction in United States Federal withholding tax together with such supplementary documentation as may be prescribed by applicable Laws to permit the Borrower or the Administrative Agent to determine the withholding or deduction required to be made.

 

(iii)          Each Lender shall promptly (A) notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent of any change in circumstances which would modify or render invalid any claimed exemption or reduction, and (B) take such steps as shall not be materially disadvantageous to it, in the reasonable judgment of such Lender, and as may be reasonably necessary (including the re-designation of its Lending Office) to avoid any requirement of applicable Laws of any jurisdiction that the Borrower or the Administrative Agent make any withholding or deduction for taxes from amounts payable to such Lender.

 

(f)            Treatment of Certain Refunds.  Unless required by applicable Laws, at no time shall the Administrative Agent have any obligation to file for or otherwise pursue on behalf of a Lender, or have any obligation to pay to any Lender, any refund of Taxes withheld or deducted from funds paid for the account of such Lender.  If the Administrative Agent or any Lender determines, in its sole discretion, that it has received a refund of any Taxes or Other Taxes as to which it has been indemnified by the Borrower or with respect to which the Borrower has paid additional amounts pursuant to this Section, it shall pay to the Borrower an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made, or additional amounts paid, by the Borrower under this Section with respect to the Taxes or Other Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent or such Lender, as the case may be, and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund), provided that the Borrower, upon the request of the Administrative Agent or such Lender, agrees to repay the amount paid over to the Borrower (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) to the Administrative Agent, or such Lender in the event the Administrative Agent or such Lender is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority.  This subsection shall not be

 

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construed to require the Administrative Agent or any Lender to make available its tax returns (or any other information relating to its taxes that it deems confidential) to the Borrower or any other Person.

 

3.02.       Illegality.  If any Lender determines that any Law has made it unlawful, or that any Governmental Authority has asserted that it is unlawful, for any Lender or its applicable Lending Office to make, maintain or fund Loans whose interest is determined by reference to the LIBOR Rate, or to determine or charge interest rates based upon the LIBOR Rate, or any Governmental Authority has imposed material restrictions on the authority of such Lender to purchase or sell, or to take deposits of, Dollars in the London interbank market, then, on notice thereof by such Lender to the Borrower through the Administrative Agent, (i) any obligation of such Lender to make or continue LIBOR Rate Loans or to convert Base Rate Loans to LIBOR Rate Loans shall be suspended, and (ii) if such notice asserts the illegality of such Lender making or maintaining Base Rate Loans the interest rate on which is determined by reference to the LIBOR Rate component of the Base Rate, the interest rate on which Base Rate Loans of such Lender shall, if necessary to avoid such illegality, be determined by the Administrative Agent without reference to the LIBOR Rate component of the Base Rate, in each case until such Lender notifies the Administrative Agent and the Borrower that the circumstances giving rise to such determination no longer exist.  Upon receipt of such notice, (x) the Borrower shall, upon demand from such Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), prepay or, if applicable, convert all LIBOR Rate Loans of such Lender to Base Rate Loans (the interest rate on which Base Rate Loans of such Lender shall, if necessary to avoid such illegality, be determined by the Administrative Agent without reference to the LIBOR Rate component of the Base Rate), either on the last day of the Interest Period therefor, if such Lender may lawfully continue to maintain such LIBOR Rate Loans to such day, or immediately, if such Lender may not lawfully continue to maintain such LIBOR Rate Loans and (y) if such notice asserts the illegality of such Lender determining or charging interest rates based upon the LIBOR Rate, the Administrative Agent shall during the period of such suspension compute the Base Rate applicable to such Lender without reference to the LIBOR Rate component thereof until the Administrative is advised in writing by such Lender that it is no longer illegal for such Lender to determine or charge interest rates based upon the LIBOR Rate.  Upon any such prepayment or conversion, the Borrower shall also pay accrued interest on the amount so prepaid or converted.

 

3.03.       Inability to Determine Rates.  If the Required Lenders determine that for any reason in connection with any request for a LIBOR Rate Loan or a conversion to or continuation thereof that (a) Dollar deposits are not being offered to banks in the London interbank eurodollar market for the applicable amount and Interest Period of such LIBOR Rate Loan, (b) adequate and reasonable means do not exist for determining the LIBOR Rate for any requested Interest Period with respect to a proposed LIBOR Rate Loan or in connection with an existing or proposed Base Rate Loan, or (c) the LIBOR Rate for any requested Interest Period with respect to a proposed LIBOR Rate Loan does not adequately and fairly reflect the cost to such Lenders of funding such Loan, the Administrative Agent will promptly so notify the Borrower and each Lender.  Thereafter, (x) the obligation of the Lenders to make or maintain LIBOR Rate Loans shall be suspended, and (y) in the event of a determination described in the preceding sentence with respect to the LIBOR Rate component of the Base Rate, the utilization of the LIBOR Rate component in determining the Base Rate shall be suspended, in each case until the Administrative Agent (upon the instruction of the Required Lenders) revokes such notice.  Upon

 

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receipt of such notice, the Borrower may revoke any pending request for a Borrowing of, conversion to or continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans or, failing that, will be deemed to have converted such request into a request for a Borrowing of Base Rate Loans in the amount specified therein.

 

3.04.       Increased Costs.  (a) Increased Costs Generally.  If any Change in Law shall:

 

(i)            impose, modify or deem applicable any reserve, special deposit, compulsory loan, insurance charge or similar requirement against assets of, deposits with or for the account of, or credit extended or participated in by, any Lender (except any reserve requirement reflected in the LIBOR Rate);

 

(ii)           subject any Lender to any tax of any kind whatsoever with respect to this Agreement or any LIBOR Rate Loan made by it, or change the basis of taxation of payments to such Lender in respect thereof (except for Indemnified Taxes or Other Taxes covered by Section 3.01 and the imposition of, or any change in the rate of, any Excluded Tax payable by such Lender); or

 

(iii)          impose on any Lender or the London interbank market any other condition, cost or expense affecting this Agreement or LIBOR Rate Loans made by such Lender therein;

 

and the result of any of the foregoing shall be to increase the cost to such Lender of making or maintaining any Loan the interest on which is determined by reference to the LIBOR Rate (or of maintaining its obligation to make any such Loan), or to increase the cost to such Lender, or to reduce the amount of any sum received or receivable by such Lender hereunder (whether of principal, interest or any other amount) then, upon request of such Lender the Borrower will pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender for such additional costs incurred or reduction suffered.

 

(b)           Capital Requirements.  If any Lender determines that any Change in Law affecting such Lender or any Lending Office of such Lender or such Lender’s holding company, if any, regarding capital requirements has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on such Lender’s capital or on the capital of such Lender’s holding company, if any, as a consequence of this Agreement, the Commitments of such Lender or the Loans made by such Lender to a level below that which such Lender or such Lender’s holding company could have achieved but for such Change in Law (taking into consideration such Lender’s policies and the policies of such Lender’s holding company with respect to capital adequacy), then from time to time the Borrower will pay to such Lender such additional amount or amounts as will compensate such Lender or such Lender’s holding company for any such reduction suffered.

 

(c)           Certificates for Reimbursement.  A certificate of a Lender setting forth in reasonable detail a calculation of the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender or its holding company, as the case may be, as specified in subsection (a) or (b) of this Section and delivered to the Borrower shall be conclusive absent manifest error.  The Borrower shall pay such Lender the amount shown as due on any such certificate within 10 Business Days after receipt thereof.

 

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(d)           Delay in Requests.  Failure or delay on the part of any Lender to demand compensation pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section shall not constitute a waiver of such Lender’s right to demand such compensation, provided that the Borrower shall not be required to compensate a Lender pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section for any increased costs incurred or reductions suffered more than six months prior to the date that such Lender notifies the Borrower of the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions and of such Lender’s intention to claim compensation therefor (except that, if the Change in Law giving rise to such increased costs or reductions is retroactive, then the six-month period referred to above shall be extended to include the period of retroactive effect thereof).

 

3.05.       Compensation for Losses.  Upon demand of any Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) from time to time, the Borrower shall promptly compensate such Lender for and hold such Lender harmless from any loss, cost or expense incurred by it as a result of:

 

(a)           any continuation, conversion, payment or prepayment of any Loan other than a Base Rate Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period for such Loan (whether voluntary, mandatory, automatic, by reason of acceleration, or otherwise);

 

(b)           any failure by the Borrower (for a reason other than the failure of such Lender to make a Loan) to prepay, borrow, continue or convert any Loan other than a Base Rate Loan on the date or in the amount notified by the Borrower; or

 

(c)           any assignment of a LIBOR Rate Loan on a day other than the last day of the Interest Period therefor as a result of a request by the Borrower pursuant to Section 10.13;

 

including any loss of anticipated profits and any loss or expense arising from the liquidation or reemployment of funds obtained by it to maintain such Loan or from fees payable to terminate the deposits from which such funds were obtained.  The Borrower shall also pay any customary administrative fees charged by such Lender in connection with the foregoing.  Any Lender making such demand under this Section 3.05 shall provide the Borrower with a calculation, in reasonable detail, of the amount or amounts necessary to compensate such Lender under this Section 3.05, which calculation shall be conclusive absent manifest error.

 

For purposes of calculating amounts payable by the Borrower to the Lenders under this Section 3.05, each Lender shall be deemed to have funded each LIBOR Rate Loan made by it at the LIBOR Rate for such Loan by a matching deposit or other borrowing in the London interbank eurodollar market for a comparable amount and for a comparable period, whether or not such LIBOR Rate Loan was in fact so funded.

 

3.06.       Mitigation Obligations; Replacement of Lenders.

 

(a)           Designation of a Different Lending OfficeIf any Lender requests compensation under Section 3.04, or the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 3.01, or if any Lender gives a notice pursuant to Section 3.02, then such Lender shall, as applicable, use reasonable efforts to designate a different Lending Office for funding or booking its Loans hereunder or to assign its rights and obligations hereunder to another of its offices, branches or affiliates, if, in the judgment of such Lender such designation or assignment (i) would eliminate

 

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or reduce amounts payable pursuant to Section 3.01 or 3.04, as the case may be, in the future, or eliminate the need for the notice pursuant to Section 3.02, as applicable, and (ii) in each case, would not subject such Lender to any unreimbursed cost or expense and would not otherwise be disadvantageous to such Lender.  The Borrower hereby agrees to pay all reasonable costs and expenses incurred by any Lender in connection with any such designation or assignment.

 

(b)           Replacement of Lenders.  If any Lender requests compensation under Section 3.04, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 3.01, the Borrower may replace such Lender in accordance with Section 10.13.

 

3.07.       Survival.  All of the Borrower’s obligations under this Article III shall survive termination of the Aggregate Commitments, repayment of all other Obligations hereunder, and resignation of the Administrative Agent.

 

ARTICLE IV.
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO CREDIT EXTENSIONS

 

4.01.       Conditions to Closing Date.  The occurrence of the Closing Date hereunder is subject to satisfaction of the following conditions precedent:

 

(a)           The Administrative Agent’s receipt of the following, each of which shall be originals or telecopies (followed promptly by originals) unless otherwise specified, each properly executed by a Responsible Officer of the signing Loan Party, each dated the Closing Date (or, in the case of certificates of governmental officials, a recent date before the Closing Date) and each in form and substance satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and each of the Lenders:

 

(i)            executed counterparts of this Agreement, the Guaranty, the Security Agreement, the Account Control Agreements relating to the Specified Accounts and the Fee Letter, sufficient in number for distribution to the Administrative Agent, each Lender and the Borrower;

 

(ii)           a Note executed by the Borrower in favor of each Lender requesting a Note;

 

(iii)          completed and duly executed perfection certificates from each Loan Party;

 

(iv)          completed requests for information, dated on or before the Closing Date, listing all effective financing statements that name any Loan Party as debtor, together with copies of such financing statements;

 

(v)           such certificates of resolutions or other action, incumbency certificates and/or other certificates of Responsible Officers of each Loan Party as the Administrative Agent may require evidencing the identity, authority and capacity of each Responsible Officer thereof authorized to act as a Responsible Officer in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party or is to be a party;

 

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(vi)                              such documents and certifications as the Administrative Agent may reasonably require to evidence that each Loan Party is duly organized or formed, and that each of the Borrower and the other Loan Parties is validly existing, in good standing and qualified to engage in business in each jurisdiction where its ownership, lease or operation of properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except to the extent that failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(vii)                           a favorable opinion of Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., counsel to the Loan Parties, addressed to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, as to matters concerning the Loan Parties and the Loan Documents as the Required Lenders may reasonably request;

 

(viii)                        a certificate of a Responsible Officer of each Loan Party either (A) attaching copies of all consents, licenses and approvals required in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by such Loan Party and the validity against such Loan Party of the Loan Documents to which it is a party, and such consents, licenses and approvals shall be in full force and effect, or (B) stating that no such consents, licenses or approvals are so required;

 

(ix)                                a certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the Borrower certifying (A) that the conditions specified in Sections 4.03(a) and (b) have been satisfied, and (B) that there has been no event or circumstance since the date of the Audited Financial Statements that has had or could be reasonably expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(x)                                   a business plan and pro forma forecast of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, including forecasts prepared by the Borrower, of consolidated balance sheets and statements of income or operations and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a quarterly basis for the 2010, 2011 and 2012 fiscal years of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries;

 

(xi)                                certificate of the Borrower attesting to its Solvency and the Solvency of the Loan Parties taken as a whole, in each case, both before and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents, from its chief financial officer or controller;

 

(xii)                             evidence that all insurance required to be maintained pursuant to the Loan Documents has been obtained and is in effect; and

 

(xiii)                          such other assurances, certificates, documents, consents or opinions as the Administrative Agent or any Lender reasonably may require.

 

(b)                                 Any fees required to be paid on or before the Closing Date shall have been paid.

 

(c)                                  Unless waived by the Administrative Agent, the Borrower shall have paid all fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the Administrative Agent (directly to such counsel if requested by the Administrative Agent) to the extent invoiced prior to or on the Closing Date,

 

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plus such additional amounts of such fees, charges and disbursements as shall constitute its reasonable estimate of such fees, charges and disbursements incurred or to be incurred by it through the closing proceedings (provided that such estimate shall not thereafter preclude a final settling of accounts between the Borrower and the Administrative Agent).

 

(d)                                 The Lenders shall have completed a due diligence investigation of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in scope, and with results, satisfactory to the Lenders, and shall have been given such access to the management, records, books of account, contracts and properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and shall have received such financial, business and other information regarding each of the foregoing Persons and businesses as they shall have requested.

 

Without limiting the generality of the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 9.03, for purposes of determining compliance with the conditions specified in this Section 4.01, each Lender that has signed this Agreement shall be deemed to have consented to, approved or accepted or to be satisfied with, each document or other matter required thereunder to be consented to or approved by or acceptable or satisfactory to a Lender unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice from such Lender prior to the proposed Closing Date specifying its objection thereto.

 

4.02.                     Conditions to Initial Borrowing.  The occurrence of the Initial Availability Date and the obligation of the Lenders to make the initial Loans hereunder is subject to satisfaction of the following conditions precedent:

 

(a)                                  The Closing Date shall have occurred.

 

(b)                                 The Administrative Agent shall have received the Initial Borrowing Request at least 20 Business Days prior to the requested date of such initial Borrowing (or such date that is nearer to the date of the initial Borrowing as the Administrative Agent may agree to in its sole discretion).

 

(c)                                  The Borrower shall have (i) fully cooperated with the Lenders in connection with the due diligence to be performed by the Lenders pursuant to clause (d) below and (ii) delivered all information and other documents reasonably requested by the Lenders in connection with such due diligence at least 10 Business Days prior to the proposed date of the initial Borrowing.

 

(d)                                 The Lenders shall have completed a due diligence investigation of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in scope, and with results, reasonably satisfactory to the Lenders (including, without limitation, results evidencing pro forma compliance with all covenants contained in the Loan Documents), and shall have been given such access to the management, records, books of account, contracts and properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries and shall have received such financial, business and other information regarding each of the foregoing Persons and businesses as they shall have requested.

 

(e)                                  The Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower at least 10 Business Days prior to the making of such Borrowing, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, certifying and attaching calculations demonstrating that after giving effect to the use of proceeds of such Borrowing, on a

 

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pro forma basis, the Borrower shall be in compliance with each of the covenants set forth in Section 7.11.

 

4.03.                     Conditions to all Credit Extensions.  The obligation of each Lender to honor any Request for Credit Extension (other than a Loan Notice requesting only a conversion of Loans to the other Type, or a continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans) is subject to the following conditions precedent:

 

(a)                                  The representations and warranties of the Borrower and each other Loan Party contained in Article V or any other Loan Document, or which are contained in any document furnished at any time under or in connection herewith or therewith, shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the date of such Credit Extension, except to the extent that such representations and warranties specifically refer to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date, and except that (i) for purposes of this Section 4.03, the representations and warranties contained in Sections 5.05(a) and (b) shall be deemed to refer to the most recent statements furnished pursuant to Sections 6.01(a) and (b), respectively and (ii) any representation and warranty which is already qualified as to “materiality”,  “Material Adverse Effect” or similar language shall be true and correct in all respects on such respective dates.

 

(b)                                 No Default shall exist, or would result from such proposed Credit Extension or from the application of the proceeds thereof, and after giving effect to such proposed Credit Extension and the application of the proceeds thereof, the Borrower shall be in pro forma compliance with the covenants contained in Section 7.11.

 

(c)                                  The Administrative Agent shall have received a Request for Credit Extension in accordance with the requirements hereof.

 

Each Request for Credit Extension (other than a Loan Notice requesting only a conversion of Loans to the other Type or a continuation of LIBOR Rate Loans) submitted by the Borrower shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty that the conditions specified in Sections 4.03(a), and (b) have been satisfied on and as of the date of the applicable Credit Extension.

 

ARTICLE V.

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

The Borrower represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders that:

 

5.01.                     Existence, Qualification and Power.  Each Loan Party and each Subsidiary thereof (a) is duly organized or formed, validly existing and, as applicable, in good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, (b) has all requisite power and authority and all requisite governmental licenses, authorizations, consents and approvals to (i) own or lease its assets and carry on its business and (ii) execute, deliver and perform its obligations under the Loan Documents to which it is a party, and (c) is duly qualified and is licensed and, as applicable, in good standing under the Laws of each jurisdiction where its ownership, lease or operation of properties or the conduct of its business requires such

 

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qualification or license; except in each case referred to in clause (b)(i) or (c), to the extent that failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.02.                     Authorization; No Contravention.  The execution, delivery and performance by each Loan Party of each Loan Document to which such Person is party, have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other organizational action, and do not and will not (a) contravene the terms of any of such Person’s Organization Documents; (b) result in the creation of (or the requirement to create) any Lien on any assets of any Loan Party (other than any Lien under the Loan Documents), (c) conflict with or result in any breach or contravention of or require any payment to be made under (i) any Contractual Obligation to which such Person is a party or affecting such Person or the properties of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) any order, injunction, writ or decree of any Governmental Authority or any arbitral award to which such Person or its property is subject; or (d) violate any Law where such conflict, breach, contravention, payment or violation referred to in clause (c) or (d) of this Section 5.02 could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.03.                     Governmental Authorization; Other Consents.  No approval, consent, exemption, authorization, or other action by, or notice to, or filing with, any Governmental Authority or any other Person is necessary or required in connection with (a) the execution, delivery or performance by, or enforcement against, any Loan Party of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or for the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, (b) the grant by any Loan Party of the Liens granted by it pursuant to the Collateral Documents, (c) the perfection or maintenance of the Liens created under the Collateral Documents (including the first priority nature thereof) or (d) the exercise by the Administrative Agent or any Lender of its rights under the Loan Documents or the remedies in respect of the Collateral pursuant to the Collateral Documents, except for (x) the filing of UCC financing statements and the execution of Account Control Agreements in connection with this Agreement and (y) such actions, consents and approvals the failure of which to be obtained or made could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.04.                     Binding Effect.  This Agreement has been, and each other Loan Document, when delivered hereunder, will have been, duly executed and delivered by each Loan Party that is party thereto.  This Agreement constitutes, and each other Loan Document when so delivered will constitute, a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Loan Party, enforceable against each Loan Party that is party thereto in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and by general principles of equity.

 

5.05.                     Financial Statements; No Material Adverse Effect.  (a)  The Audited Financial Statements (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein; (ii) fairly present the financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof and their results of operations for the period covered thereby in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein; and (iii) show all material indebtedness and other liabilities, direct or contingent, of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof, including liabilities for taxes, material commitments and Indebtedness.

 

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(b)                                 The unaudited consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries dated September 30, 2010, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the fiscal quarter ended on that date (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied throughout the period covered thereby, except as otherwise expressly noted therein, and (ii) fairly present the financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the date thereof and their results of operations for the period covered thereby, subject, in the case of clauses (i) and (ii), to the absence of footnotes and to normal year-end audit adjustments.  Schedule 5.05 sets forth all material indebtedness and other liabilities, direct or contingent, of the Borrower and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the date of such financial statements, including liabilities for taxes, material commitments and Indebtedness.

 

(c)                                  Since the date of the Audited Financial Statements, there has been no event or circumstance, either individually or in the aggregate, that has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(d)                                 The consolidated forecasted pro forma balance sheet, statements of income and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries delivered pursuant to Section 4.01 or Section 6.01(c) were prepared in good faith on the basis of the assumptions stated therein, which assumptions were believed by the Borrower to be fair and reasonable in light of the conditions existing at the time of delivery of such forecasts, and represented, at the time of delivery, the Borrower’s reasonable estimate of its future financial condition and performance.

 

5.06.                     Litigation.  There are no actions, suits, proceedings, claims or disputes pending or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, threatened or contemplated, at law, in equity, in arbitration or before any Governmental Authority, by or against the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or against any of their properties or revenues that (a) purport to affect or pertain to this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or any of the transactions contemplated hereby, or (b) either individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.07.                     No Default.  Neither any Loan Party nor any Subsidiary thereof is in default under or with respect to, or a party to, any Contractual Obligation that could, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  No Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Loan Document.

 

5.08.                     Ownership of Property; Liens.  Each Loan Party and each of its Subsidiaries has good record and marketable title in fee simple to, or valid leasehold interests in, all real property necessary or used in the ordinary conduct of its business, except for such defects in title as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  The property of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries is subject to no Liens, other than Liens permitted by Section 7.01; provided that, none of the Specified Accounts nor any property that comprises the Liquidity Amount or the Margined Liquidity Amount or is contained in the Specified Accounts is subject to any Lien (other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01).

 

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5.09.                     Environmental Compliance.  The Borrower has reasonably concluded (based on activities conducted in the ordinary course of business) that the effect of existing Environmental Laws and claims on the properties, business and operations of the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries and any pending or, to the knowledge of the Borrower, threatened claims alleging potential liability or responsibility for the violation of any Environmental Law by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary of a Loan Party could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.10.                     Insurance.  The properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries are insured with financially sound and reputable insurance companies not Affiliates of the Borrower, in such amounts, with such deductibles and covering such risks as are customarily carried by companies engaged in similar businesses and owning similar properties in localities where the Borrower or the applicable Subsidiary operates.

 

5.11.                     Taxes.  The Borrower and its Subsidiaries have filed all Federal, state and other material tax returns and reports required to be filed, and have paid all Federal, state and other material taxes, assessments, fees and other governmental charges levied or imposed upon them or their properties, income or assets otherwise due and payable, except (a) those which are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and for which adequate reserves have been provided in accordance with GAAP; and (b) to the extent that the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  There is no proposed tax assessment against the Borrower or any Subsidiary, to the knowledge of the Borrower, that would, if made, have a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither any Loan Party nor any Subsidiary thereof is party to any tax sharing agreement.

 

5.12.                     ERISA Compliance.  (a)  Each Plan is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and other Federal or state laws.  Each Pension Plan that is intended to be a qualified plan under Section 401(a) of the Code has received a favorable determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the form of such Plan is qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code and the trust related thereto has been determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(a) of the Code, or an application for such a letter is currently being processed by the Internal Revenue Service.  To the best knowledge of the Borrower, nothing has occurred that would prevent or cause the loss of such tax-qualified status.

 

(b)                                 There are no pending or, to the best knowledge of the Borrower, threatened claims, actions or lawsuits, or action by any Governmental Authority, with respect to any Plan that could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  There has been no prohibited transaction or violation of the fiduciary responsibility rules with respect to any Plan that has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(c)                                  (i)  No ERISA Event has occurred, and neither the Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate is aware of any fact, event or circumstance that could reasonably be expected to constitute or result in an ERISA Event with respect to any Pension Plan; (ii) the Borrower and each ERISA Affiliate has met all applicable requirements under the Pension Funding Rules in respect of each Pension Plan, and no waiver of the minimum funding standards under the Pension Funding Rules has been applied for or obtained; (iii) as of the most recent valuation date

 

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for any Pension Plan, the funding target attainment percentage (as defined in Section 430(d)(2) of the Code) is 60% or higher and neither the Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate knows of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably be expected to cause the funding target attainment percentage for any such plan to drop below 60% as of the most recent valuation date; (iv) neither the Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred any liability to the PBGC other than for the payment of premiums, and there are no premium payments which have become due that are unpaid; (v) neither the Borrower nor any ERISA Affiliate has engaged in a transaction that could be subject to Section 4069 or Section 4212(c) of ERISA; and (vi) no Pension Plan has been terminated by the plan administrator thereof nor by the PBGC, and no event or circumstance has occurred or exists that could reasonably be expected to cause the PBGC to institute proceedings under Title IV of ERISA to terminate any Pension Plan.

 

(d)                                 With respect to each scheme or arrangement mandated by a government other than the United States (a “Foreign Government Scheme or Arrangement”) and with respect to each employee benefit plan maintained or contributed to by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary of any Loan Party that is not subject to United States law (a “Foreign Plan”):

 

(i)                                     any employer and employee contributions required by law or by the terms of any Foreign Government Scheme or Arrangement or any Foreign Plan have been made, or, if applicable, accrued, in accordance with normal accounting practices;

 

(ii)                                  the fair market value of the assets of each funded Foreign Plan, the liability of each insurer for any Foreign Plan funded through insurance or the book reserve established for any Foreign Plan, together with any accrued contributions, is sufficient to procure or provide for the accrued benefit obligations, as of the date hereof, with respect to all current and former participants in such Foreign Plan according to the actuarial assumptions and valuations most recently used to account for such obligations in accordance with applicable generally accepted accounting principles; and

 

(iii)                               each Foreign Plan required to be registered has been registered and has been maintained in good standing with applicable regulatory authorities.

 

5.13.                     Subsidiaries; Equity Interests; Loan Parties.  No Loan Party has any Subsidiaries other than those specifically disclosed in Part (a) of Schedule 5.13, and all of the outstanding Equity Interests in such Subsidiaries have been validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and are owned by a Loan Party in the amounts specified on Part (a) of Schedule 5.13 free and clear of all Liens.  No Loan Party has any equity investments in any other corporation or entity other than those specifically disclosed in Part (b) of Schedule 5.13.  All of the outstanding Equity Interests in the Borrower have been validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable.  Set forth on Part (c) of Schedule 5.13 is a complete and accurate list of all Loan Parties, showing as of the Closing Date (as to each Loan Party) the jurisdiction of its incorporation, the address of its principal place of business and its U.S. taxpayer identification number.  The copy of the charter of each Loan Party and each amendment thereto provided pursuant to Section 4.01(a)(vi) is a true and correct copy of each such document, each of which is valid and in full force and effect.

 

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5.14.                     Margin Regulations; Investment Company Act.  (a)  The Borrower is not engaged and will not engage, principally or as one of its important activities, in the business of purchasing or carrying margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U issued by the FRB), or extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock.  Following the application of the proceeds of each Loan, not more than 25% of the value of the assets (either of the Borrower only or of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis) subject to the provisions of Section 7.01 or Section 7.05 or subject to any restriction contained in any agreement or instrument between the Borrower and any Lender or any Affiliate of any Lender relating to Indebtedness and within the scope of Section 8.01(e) will be margin stock.

 

(b)                                 None of the Borrower, any Person Controlling the Borrower, or any Subsidiary is or is required to be registered as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

 

5.15.                     Disclosure.  The Borrower has disclosed to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders all agreements, instruments and corporate or other restrictions to which it or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, and all other matters known to it, that, individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect and that are not otherwise set forth on the Borrower’s public filings with the SEC.  No report, financial statement, certificate or other written information furnished by or on behalf of any Loan Party to the Administrative Agent or any Lender in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and the negotiation of this Agreement or delivered hereunder or under any other Loan Document (in each case, as modified or supplemented by other information so furnished) contains any material misstatement of fact or omits to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that, with respect to projected financial information, the Borrower represents only that such information was prepared in good faith based upon assumptions believed by the Borrower to be reasonable at the time.

 

5.16.                     Compliance with Laws; Licenses.  Each Loan Party and each Subsidiary thereof is in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of all licenses, all permits, all certifications, all Laws and all orders, writs, injunctions and decrees applicable to it or to its properties (including, without limitation, all Laws, rules, regulations, licenses, permits and certifications relating to food, drug, healthcare and medical devices and all Laws, rules and regulations regulating contractors to Federal, state and local governments) except in such instances in which (a) such requirement of license, permit, certification, Law or order, writ, injunction or decree is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted or (b) the failure to comply therewith, either individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.17.                     Intellectual Property; Licenses, Etc.  Each Loan Party and each of its Subsidiaries own, or possess the right to use, all of the trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, patents, patent rights, franchises, licenses and other intellectual property rights (collectively, “IP Rights”) that are used in the operation of their respective businesses, without conflict with the rights of any other Person, except where the failure to so own or possess, either individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  To the best knowledge of the Borrower, no slogan or other advertising device, product,

 

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process, method, substance, part or other material now employed, or now contemplated to be employed, by any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries infringes upon any rights held by any other Person, which, either individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  No claim or litigation regarding any of the foregoing is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Borrower, threatened, which, either individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

5.18.                     Solvency.  The Borrower is, and the Loan Parties and their Subsidiaries are on a consolidated basis, Solvent.

 

5.19.                     Collateral Documents.  The provisions of the Collateral Documents are effective, at the times set forth therein, to create in favor of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Credit Provider Parties a legal, valid and enforceable first priority Lien on all right, title and interest of the respective Loan Parties in the Collateral described therein.  Except for filings contemplated by the Collateral Documents, no filing or other action will be necessary to perfect or protect such Liens.

 

5.20.                     Senior Debt.  All Obligations constitute “Senior Debt” (or any similar term) (a) under, and as defined in, the Olmstead Indenture and all supplemental indentures thereto and (b) under any other Indebtedness permitted pursuant to Section 7.03(h).

 

ARTICLE VI.

AFFIRMATIVE COVENANTS

 

From and after the Closing Date and until the date that all Obligations are satisfied in full, all commitments of the Lenders to make Loans have been terminated, the Borrower shall, and shall (except in the case of the covenants set forth in Sections 6.01, 6.02, 6.03 and 6.11) cause each Subsidiary to:

 

6.01.                     Financial Statements.  Deliver to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, in form and detail reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders:

 

(a)                                  as soon as available, but in any event within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal year, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for such fiscal year, setting forth in each case in comparative form the figures for the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail and prepared in accordance with GAAP, audited and accompanied by a report and opinion of an independent certified public accountant of nationally recognized standing reasonably acceptable to the Required Lenders, which report and opinion shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any “going concern” or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit;

 

(b)                                 as soon as available, but in any event within 45 days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of each fiscal year of the Borrower, a consolidated balance sheet of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as at the end of such fiscal quarter, and the related consolidated statements of income or operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for such fiscal quarter and for the portion of the Borrower’s fiscal year then ended, setting forth in each

 

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case in comparative form the figures for the corresponding fiscal quarter of the previous fiscal year and the corresponding portion of the previous fiscal year, all in reasonable detail, certified by the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, treasurer or controller of the Borrower as fairly presenting the financial condition, results of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP, subject only to normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes;

 

(c)                                  as soon as available, but in any event within 60 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Borrower, an annual business plan and budget of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, including forecasts on a pro forma basis prepared by management of the Borrower, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders, of consolidated balance sheets and statements of income or operations and cash flows of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries on a quarterly basis for the immediately following fiscal year (including the fiscal year in which the Maturity Date occurs).

 

As to any information contained in materials furnished pursuant to Section 6.02(c), the Borrower shall not be separately required to furnish such information under Section 6.01(a) or (b) above, but the foregoing shall not be in derogation of the obligation of the Borrower to furnish the information and materials described in Sections 6.01(a) and (b) above at the times specified therein.

 

6.02.                     Certificates; Other Information.  Deliver (or, in the case of clause (e)(i) below, arrange for the securities intermediary to deliver) to the Administrative Agent and each Lender, in form and detail reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent and the Required Lenders:

 

(a)                                  concurrently with the delivery of the financial statements referred to in Sections 6.01(a) and (b), a duly completed Compliance Certificate signed by the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, treasurer or controller of the Borrower, and in the event of any change in generally accepted accounting principles used in the preparation of such financial statements, the Borrower shall also provide, if necessary for the determination of compliance with Section 7.11, a statement of reconciliation conforming such financial statements to GAAP (which delivery may, unless the Administrative Agent, or a Lender requests executed originals, be by electronic communication including fax or email and shall be deemed to be an original authentic counterpart thereof for all purposes);

 

(b)                                 promptly after any request by the Administrative Agent, copies of any detailed audit reports, management letters or recommendations submitted to the board of directors (or the audit committee of the board of directors), except in all instances in which the distribution to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders of such audit reports, management letters or recommendations is restricted by the independent auditors, of any Loan Party by independent accountants in connection with the accounts or books of any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries, or any audit of any of them;

 

(c)                                  promptly after the same are available, copies of each annual report, proxy or financial statement or other report or communication sent to the stockholders of the Borrower, and copies of all annual, regular, periodic and special reports and registration statements which the Borrower may file or be required to file with the SEC under Section 13 or 15(d) of the

 

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Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or with any national securities exchange, and in any case not otherwise required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent pursuant hereto;

 

(d)                                 promptly after the furnishing thereof, copies of any statement or report furnished to any holder of debt securities of any Loan Party or of any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to the terms of any indenture, loan or credit or similar agreement and not otherwise required to be furnished to the Lenders pursuant to Section 6.01 or any other clause of this Section 6.02;

 

(e)                                  (i) simultaneously with the delivery to the Borrower, copies of any notices regarding trade confirmations with respect to the Specified Accounts and (ii) within 5 days after the end of each calendar month (x) copies of any deposit account statements, brokerage account statements and other similar account statements for such calendar month with respect to each Specified Account and (y) deposit account statements, brokerage account statements and other similar account statements for such calendar month reflecting any unrestricted cash and any Specified Securities of the Borrower included, or to be included, in the determination of the Liquidity Amount and the Margined Liquidity Amount;

 

(f)                                    promptly, and in any event within five Business Days after receipt thereof by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof, copies of each notice or other correspondence received from the SEC (or comparable agency in any applicable non-U.S. jurisdiction) concerning any investigation by such agency regarding financial or other operational results of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof; and

 

(g)                                 promptly, such additional information regarding the business, financial, or legal affairs of any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof, or compliance with the terms of the Loan Documents, as the Administrative Agent or any Lender may from time to time reasonably request; provided that no Loan Party nor any Subsidiary of a Loan Party shall be required to disclose additional information pursuant to this clause (g) in the event such disclosure is prohibited by Law or any binding agreement of such Person with a third party that is not an Affiliate of any Loan Party.

 

Documents required to be delivered pursuant to Section 6.01(a) or (b) or Section 6.02(c) (to the extent any such documents are included in materials otherwise filed with the SEC) may be delivered electronically and if so delivered, shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date (i) on which the Borrower posts such documents, or provides a link thereto on the Borrower’s website on the Internet at the website address listed on Schedule 10.02; or (ii) on which such documents are posted on the Borrower’s behalf on an Internet or intranet website, if any, to which each Lender and the Administrative Agent have access (whether a commercial, third-party website or whether sponsored by the Administrative Agent); provided that:  (i) the Borrower shall deliver paper copies of such documents to the Administrative Agent or any Lender upon its request to the Borrower to deliver such paper copies until a written request to cease delivering paper copies is given by the Administrative Agent or such Lender and (ii) the Borrower shall notify the Administrative Agent and each Lender (by telecopier or electronic mail) of the posting of any such documents and provide to the Administrative Agent by electronic mail electronic versions (i.e., soft copies) of such documents.  The Administrative Agent shall have no obligation to request the delivery of, or to maintain paper copies of, the documents referred to above, and in any event shall have no responsibility to monitor

 

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compliance by the Borrower with any such request by a Lender for delivery, and each Lender shall be solely responsible for requesting delivery to it or maintaining its copies of such documents.

 

The Borrower hereby acknowledges that (a) the Administrative Agent will make available to the Lenders materials and/or information provided by or on behalf of the Borrower hereunder (collectively, “Borrower Materials”) by posting the Borrower Materials on IntraLinks or another similar electronic system (the “Platform”) and (b) certain of the Lenders (each, a “Public Lender”) may have personnel who do not wish to receive material non-public information with respect to the Borrower or its Affiliates, or the respective securities of any of the foregoing, and who may be engaged in investment and other market-related activities with respect to such Persons’ securities.  The Borrower hereby agrees that so long as the Borrower is the issuer of any outstanding debt or equity securities that are registered or issued pursuant to a private offering or is actively contemplating issuing any such securities it will use commercially reasonable efforts to identify that portion of the Borrower Materials that may be distributed to the Public Lenders and that (w) all such Borrower Materials shall be clearly and conspicuously marked “PUBLIC” which, at a minimum, shall mean that the word “PUBLIC” shall appear prominently on the first page thereof; (x) by marking Borrower Materials “PUBLIC,” the Borrower shall be deemed to have authorized the Administrative Agent and the Lenders to treat such Borrower Materials as not containing any material non-public information (although it may be sensitive and proprietary) with respect to the Borrower or its securities for purposes of United States Federal and state securities laws (provided, however, that to the extent such Borrower Materials constitute Information, they shall be treated as set forth in Section 10.07); (y) all Borrower Materials marked “PUBLIC” are permitted to be made available through a portion of the Platform designated “Public Side Information;” and (z) the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to treat any Borrower Materials that are not marked “PUBLIC” as being suitable only for posting on a portion of the Platform not designated “Public Side Information.”  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Borrower shall be under no obligation to mark any Borrower Materials “PUBLIC”.

 

6.03.                     Notices.  Promptly notify the Administrative Agent and each Lender:

 

(a)                                  of the occurrence of any Default;

 

(b)                                 of any matter that has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, including (i) breach or non-performance of, or any default under, a Contractual Obligation of the Borrower or any Subsidiary; (ii) any dispute, litigation, investigation, proceeding or suspension between the Borrower or any Subsidiary and any Governmental Authority; or (iii) the commencement of, or any material development in, any litigation or proceeding affecting the Borrower or any Subsidiary, including pursuant to any applicable Environmental Laws;

 

(c)                                  of the occurrence of any ERISA Event;

 

(d)                                 of any material change in accounting policies or financial reporting practices by any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof;

 

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(e)                                  of any intent by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries to initiate a voluntary product recall affecting the products manufactured or distributed by the Borrower or any Subsidiary;

 

(f)                                    the receipt by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of (i) any so called “Warning Letter”, or similar notification or (ii) any notification of a mandated or requested recall affecting the products manufactured or distributed by the Borrower or such Subsidiary, in each case, from the FDA (or analogous foreign, state or local Governmental Authority);

 

(g)                                 of the occurrence of any Milestone Event (under and as defined in the Olmstead Indenture as in effect on the date hereof);

 

(h)                                 any notice of any transfer or other disposition of cash or Specified Securities required pursuant to Section 7.15; and

 

(i)                                     of any correspondence (i) to the FDA (or analogous foreign, state or local Governmental Authority) from the Borrower or any Subsidiary or (ii) to the Borrower or any Subsidiary from the FDA (or analogous foreign, state or local Governmental Authority), in each case, that contains information or data that has resulted or is reasonably expected to result in (x) a significant negative effect on the Borrower’s ability to obtain approval for Telaprevir (VX-950) in the United States or (y) a significant adverse change to the label (package insert) for Telaprevir (VX-950) in the United States or to the label (package insert) of any other drug offered for commercial sale by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries at the time of such correspondence.

 

Each notice pursuant to this Section 6.03 shall be accompanied by a statement of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower setting forth details of the occurrence referred to therein and stating what action the Borrower has taken and proposes to take with respect thereto.  Each notice pursuant to Section 6.03(a) shall describe with particularity any and all provisions of this Agreement and any other Loan Document that have been breached.

 

6.04.                     Payment of Obligations.  Pay and discharge as the same shall become due and payable, all its obligations and liabilities, including (a) all tax liabilities, assessments and governmental charges or levies upon it or its properties or assets, unless the same are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted and adequate reserves in accordance with GAAP are being maintained by the Borrower or such Subsidiary; (b) all lawful claims which, if unpaid, would by law become a Lien upon its property, unless the same are being contested in good faith by the appropriate proceedings and such contest effectively suspends collection of the contested obligation and enforcement of any Lien securing such obligation; and (c) all Indebtedness, as and when due and payable, but subject to any subordination provisions contained in any instrument or agreement evidencing such Indebtedness.

 

6.05.                     Preservation of Existence, Etc.  (a)  Preserve, renew and maintain in full force and effect its legal existence and good standing under the Laws of the jurisdiction of its organization except in a transaction permitted by Section 7.04 or 7.05; (b) take all reasonable action to maintain all rights, privileges, permits, licenses and franchises necessary or desirable in

 

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the normal conduct of its business, except to the extent that failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (c) preserve or renew all of its registered patents, trademarks, trade names and service marks, the non-preservation or non-renewal of which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

6.06.                     Maintenance of Properties.  (a) Maintain, preserve and protect all of its material properties and equipment necessary in the operation of its business in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted; (b) make all necessary repairs thereto and renewals and replacements thereof except where the failure to do so could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and (c) use the standard of care typical in the industry in the operation and maintenance of its facilities.

 

6.07.                     Maintenance of Insurance.  Maintain with financially sound and reputable insurance companies not Affiliates of the Borrower, insurance with respect to its properties and business against loss or damage of the kinds customarily insured against by Persons engaged in the same or similar business (including, without limitation, product liability losses and damages), of such types and in such amounts as are customarily carried under similar circumstances by such other Persons and, from and after the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date, providing for not less than 30 days’ prior notice to the Administrative Agent of termination, lapse or cancellation of such insurance.

 

6.08.                     Compliance with Laws; Licenses.  Comply in all material respects with the requirements of all licenses, all permits, all certifications, all Laws and all orders, writs, injunctions and decrees applicable to it or to its business or property (including, without limitation, all Laws, rules, regulations, licenses, permits and certifications relating to food, drug, healthcare and medical devices and all Laws, rules and regulations regulating contractors to Federal, state and local governments), except in such instances in which (a) such requirement of license, permit, certification, Law or order, writ, injunction or decree is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted; or (b) the failure to comply therewith could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

6.09.                     Books and Records.  (a)  Maintain proper books of record and account, in which full, true and correct entries in conformity with GAAP consistently applied shall be made of all financial transactions and matters involving the assets and business of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as the case may be; and (b) maintain such books of record and account in material conformity with all applicable requirements of any Governmental Authority having regulatory jurisdiction over the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as the case may be.

 

6.10.                     Inspection Rights.  Permit duly authorized representatives and independent contractors of the Administrative Agent, on behalf of itself or any Lender, to visit and inspect any of its properties, to examine its corporate, financial and operating records, and make copies thereof or abstracts therefrom, and to discuss its affairs, finances and accounts with its directors, officers, and independent public accountants (provided that the Borrower shall have the right to be present at any such discussion with such independent public accountants), all at such reasonable times during normal business hours and as often as may be reasonably desired, upon reasonable advance notice to the Borrower; provided, however, that (a) unless a Default has occurred and is continuing, the Borrower shall only be required to reimburse the Administrative

 

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Agent for the charges, costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent in connection with one such field examination per fiscal year, which charges, costs and expenses shall not exceed $10,000 per fiscal year, and (b) after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Default, the Administrative Agent (or any of its respective representatives or independent contractors), on behalf of itself or any Lender, may do any of the foregoing at the reasonable expense of the Borrower at any time during normal business hours and without advance notice.

 

6.11.                     Use of Proceeds.  Use the proceeds of the Credit Extensions for working capital and other general corporate purposes not in contravention of any Law or of any Loan Document.

 

6.12.                     Covenant to Guarantee Obligations.  Upon the formation or acquisition of any new direct or indirect Domestic Subsidiary of the Borrower, within 20 days after such formation or acquisition, cause such Subsidiary to (a) become a Guarantor by executing and delivering to the Administrative Agent a counterpart of the Guaranty or a guaranty supplement, any applicable Collateral Documents and/or such other document as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably deem appropriate for such purpose, and (b) deliver to the Administrative Agent documents of the types referred to in clauses (v) and (vi) of Section 4.01(a) and, at the request of the Administrative Agent, favorable opinions of counsel to such Person (which shall cover, among other things, the legality, validity, binding effect and enforceability of the documentation referred to in clause (a)), all in form, content and scope reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.

 

6.13.                     Compliance with Environmental Laws.  Comply, and cause all lessees and other Persons operating or occupying its properties to comply, in all material respects, with all applicable Environmental Laws and Environmental Permits; obtain and renew all Environmental Permits necessary for its operations and properties; and conduct any investigation, study, sampling and testing, and undertake any cleanup, removal, remedial or other action necessary to remove and clean up all Hazardous Materials from any of its properties, in accordance with the requirements of all Environmental Laws; provided, however, that neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries shall be required to undertake any such cleanup, removal, remedial or other action to the extent that its obligation to do so is being contested in good faith and by proper proceedings and appropriate reserves are being maintained with respect to such circumstances in accordance with GAAP.

 

6.14.                     Further Assurances.  Promptly upon request by the Administrative Agent, or any Lender through the Administrative Agent, (a) correct any material defect or error that may be discovered in any Loan Document or in the execution, acknowledgment, filing or recordation thereof, and (b) do, execute, acknowledge, deliver, record, re-record, file, re-file, register and re-register any and all such further acts, deeds, certificates, assurances and other instruments as the Administrative Agent, or any Lender through the Administrative Agent, may reasonably require from time to time in order to (i) carry out more effectively the purposes of the Loan Documents, (ii) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, subject any Loan Party’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ properties, assets, rights or interests to the Liens now or hereafter intended to be covered by any of the Collateral Documents, (iii) perfect and maintain the validity, effectiveness and priority of any of the Collateral Documents and any of the Liens intended to be created thereunder and (iv) assure, convey, grant, assign, transfer, preserve, protect and confirm more effectively unto the Credit Provider Parties the rights granted or now or hereafter intended to be

 

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granted to the Credit Provider Parties under any Loan Document or under any other instrument executed in connection with any Loan Document to which any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries is or is to be a party, and cause each of its Subsidiaries to do so.

 

6.15.                     Cash Management.

 

(a)                                  Maintain, and cause each of the other Loan Parties to maintain, all of its primary commercial deposit accounts, balances and services (including, without limitation, operating accounts, Cash Management Arrangements and/or collection/lockbox services) with Bank of America (for the avoidance of doubt, this Section does not apply to investment securities accounts).

 

(b)                                 Maintain substantially all cash, Cash Equivalents and securities of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in domestic deposit accounts and domestic securities accounts owned by the Borrower or the Guarantors; provided that the Borrower and its Subsidiaries may maintain in foreign deposit accounts and foreign securities accounts (i) cash, Cash Equivalents and securities in an aggregate amount (excluding cash receipts from foreign business activities) at any time not to exceed $100,000,000; (ii) cash receipts from foreign business activities; (iii) interest, dividends and other distributions made on account of any such amounts described in clauses (i) and (ii); (iv) investments made with the proceeds of any amounts described in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii); and (v) cash, Cash Equivalents and securities to capitalize foreign Subsidiaries for legitimate business reasons, so long as any cash distributed for such purpose is subsequently returned and maintained in deposit accounts of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in the United States within 3 Business Days of such initial distribution.

 

6.16.                     Telaprevir (VX-950).  On or before December 31, 2011, (x) obtain approval from the FDA for the Borrower’s new drug application for Telaprevir (VX-950) and (y) commence the commercial sale of Telaprevir (VX-950) to third parties in the United States.

 

6.17.                     Monitoring Rights.  Within fifteen (15) days of the Closing Date, grant, and cause each Person with whom such Loan Party maintains a Specified Account to grant, the Administrative Agent the ability to monitor the balances and account activity in the applicable Specified Accounts (including information regarding any withdrawals, deposits and trades relating to such accounts) in a manner and pursuant to terms reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.

 

ARTICLE VII.

NEGATIVE COVENANTS

 

From and after the Closing Date and until the date that all Obligations are satisfied in full, all commitments of the Lenders to make Loans have been terminated, the Borrower shall not, and shall not permit any Subsidiary to:

 

7.01.                     Liens.  Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its property, assets or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, other than the following:

 

(a)                                  Liens pursuant to any Loan Document;

 

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(b)                                 Liens existing on the date hereof and listed on Schedule 7.01 and any renewals or extensions thereof, provided that (i) the property covered thereby is not changed, (ii) the amount secured or benefited thereby is not increased except as contemplated by Section 7.03(b), (iii) the direct or any contingent obligor with respect thereto is not changed, and (iv) any renewal or extension of the obligations secured or benefited thereby is permitted by Section 7.03(b);

 

(c)                                  Liens for taxes not yet due or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person in accordance with GAAP, provided that the aggregate amounts secured by such Liens shall not exceed the Threshold Amount;

 

(d)                                 carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business which are not overdue for a period of more than 30 days or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently conducted, if adequate reserves with respect thereto are maintained on the books of the applicable Person;

 

(e)                                  pledges or deposits in the ordinary course of business in connection with workers’ compensation, unemployment insurance and other social security legislation, other than any Lien imposed by ERISA;

 

(f)                                    (i) deposits to secure the performance of bids, trade contracts and leases (other than Indebtedness), statutory obligations, surety and appeal bonds, performance bonds and other obligations of a like nature incurred in the ordinary course of business, and (ii) Liens arising from precautionary UCC financing statement filings regarding operating leases entered into by any Loan Party in the ordinary course of business;

 

(g)                                 easements, rights-of-way, restrictions and other similar encumbrances affecting real property which, in the aggregate, are not substantial in amount, and which do not in any case materially detract from the value of the property subject thereto or materially interfere with the ordinary conduct of the business of the applicable Person;

 

(h)                                 Liens securing judgments for the payment of money not constituting an Event of Default under Section 8.01(h);

 

(i)                                     Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 7.03(e); provided that (i) such Liens do not at any time encumber any property other than the property financed by such Indebtedness and (ii) the Indebtedness secured thereby does not exceed the cost or fair market value, whichever is lower, of the property being acquired on the date of acquisition; and

 

(j)                                     Liens securing Indebtedness permitted under Section 7.03(f);

 

provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, none the Specified Accounts nor the property that comprises the Liquidity Amount or the Margined Liquidity Amount or the property contained in the Specified Accounts may be subject to any Lien at any time other than (x) any Lien of the Administrative Agent for the benefit of the Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) above.

 

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7.02.                     Investments.  Make any Investments, except:

 

(a)                                  Investments held by the Borrower or such Subsidiary in the form of Specified Securities (including Cash Equivalents);

 

(b)                                 advances to officers, directors and employees of the Borrower and Subsidiaries in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10,000,000 at any time outstanding, for travel, entertainment, relocation and analogous ordinary business purposes;

 

(c)                                  Investments of the Borrower in any Guarantor and Investments of any Guarantor in the Borrower or in any other Guarantor;

 

(d)                                 Investments consisting of extensions of credit in the nature of accounts receivable or notes receivable arising from the grant of trade credit in the ordinary course of business, and Investments received in satisfaction or partial satisfaction thereof from financially troubled account debtors to the extent reasonably necessary in order to prevent or limit loss;

 

(e)                                  Guarantees permitted by Section 7.03;

 

(f)                                    Investments consisting of the acquisition of IP Rights, provided that any such acquisition shall be expensed, in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, as research and development expense; and

 

(g)                                 other Investments (including acquisitions and in-licensing transactions) (i) made in cash (including all cash indemnities, earnouts and other contingent payment obligations, and all assumptions of Indebtedness, liabilities and other obligations in connection therewith) in an aggregate amount not to exceed $50,000,000 during the term of this Agreement, (ii) made solely with the issuance of common stock of the Borrower and/or (iii) made in connection with a non-cash exchange of assets, in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries; provided that, in each case, (A) in the case of the acquisition by Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower of all or substantially all of the Equity Interests in, or all or substantially all of the property of, any Person that, upon the consummation thereof, will be wholly-owned directly by the Borrower or one or more of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries (including as a result of a merger or consolidation) (1) any such newly-created or acquired Subsidiary shall comply with the requirements of Section 6.12, and (2) the lines of business of the Person to be (or the property of which is to be) so purchased or otherwise acquired shall be related to the pharmaceutical industry, (B) immediately before and immediately after giving pro forma effect to any such Investment, no Default shall have occurred and be continuing, and (C) prior to the making of such Investment, the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, certifying and attaching calculations demonstrating that after the making of any such Investment, on a pro forma basis, the Borrower shall be in compliance with each of the covenants set forth in Section 7.11; provided that the Loan Parties shall not be required to comply with the requirements of this clause (C) unless Investments made under this clause (f) exceed $15,000,000 in the aggregate.

 

7.03.                     Indebtedness.  Create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Indebtedness, except:

 

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(a)                                  Indebtedness under the Loan Documents;

 

(b)                                 Indebtedness outstanding on the date hereof and listed on Schedule 7.03 and any refinancings, refundings, renewals or extensions thereof; provided that (i) the amount of such Indebtedness is not increased at the time of such refinancing, refunding, renewal or extension except by an amount equal to a reasonable premium or other reasonable amount paid, and fees and expenses reasonably incurred, in connection with such refinancing and by an amount equal to any existing commitments unutilized thereunder and (ii) the terms relating to principal amount, amortization, maturity, collateral (if any) and subordination (if any), and other material terms taken as a whole, of any such refinancing, refunding, renewing or extending Indebtedness, and of any agreement entered into and of any instrument issued in connection therewith, are no less favorable in any material respect to the Loan Parties or the Lenders than the terms of any agreement or instrument governing the Indebtedness being refinanced, refunded, renewed or extended and the interest rate applicable to any such refinancing, refunding, renewing or extending Indebtedness does not exceed the then applicable market interest rate;

 

(c)                                  Guarantees of the Borrower or any Guarantor in respect of Indebtedness otherwise permitted hereunder of the Borrower or any other Guarantor;

 

(d)                                 obligations (contingent or otherwise) of the Borrower or any Subsidiary existing or arising under any Swap Contract, provided that (i) such obligations are (or were) entered into by such Person in the ordinary course of business for the purpose of directly mitigating risks associated with liabilities, commitments, investments, assets, or property held or reasonably anticipated by such Person, or changes in the value of securities issued by such Person, and not for purposes of speculation or taking a “market view;” and (ii) such Swap Contract does not contain any provision exonerating the non-defaulting party from its obligation to make payments on outstanding transactions to the defaulting party;

 

(e)                                  Indebtedness in respect of capital leases, Synthetic Lease Obligations and purchase money obligations for fixed or capital assets within the limitations set forth in Section 7.01(i); provided, however, that the aggregate amount of all such Indebtedness at any one time outstanding shall not exceed $20,000,000;

 

(f)                                    secured Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $10,000,000 at any time outstanding;

 

(g)                                 unsecured Indebtedness in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $20,000,000 at any time outstanding; and

 

(h)                                 unsecured Indebtedness convertible into common stock of the Borrower; provided that such Indebtedness (i) shall not mature (including any maturity as a result of an optional redemption by the Borrower), be redeemable by the holder in whole or in part or require any principal payments, in each case, on or prior to the Maturity Date, (ii) the payment of such Indebtedness shall be subordinated to the Obligations on terms reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent, and (iii) after giving pro forma effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness, no Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

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7.04.                     Fundamental Changes.  Merge, dissolve, liquidate, consolidate with or into another Person, or Dispose of (whether in one transaction or in a series of transactions) all or substantially all of its assets (whether now owned or hereafter acquired) to or in favor of any Person, except that, so long as no Default exists or would result therefrom:

 

(a)                                  any Subsidiary may merge with (i) the Borrower, provided that the Borrower shall be the continuing or surviving Person, or (ii) any one or more other Subsidiaries, provided that when any Guarantor is merging with another Subsidiary, the Guarantor shall be the continuing or surviving Person;

 

(b)                                 any Subsidiary may Dispose of all or substantially all of its assets (upon voluntary liquidation or otherwise) to the Borrower or to another Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor in such a transaction is a Guarantor, then the transferee must either be the Borrower or a Guarantor; and

 

(c)                                  any merger or consolidation to effect an acquisition permitted by Section 7.02 hereof shall be permitted hereunder; provided that in any such merger or consolidation involving (i) the Borrower, the Borrower is the surviving entity or (ii) any other Loan Party, a Loan Party is the surviving entity.

 

7.05.                     Dispositions.  Make any Disposition or enter into any agreement to make any Disposition, except:

 

(a)                                  Dispositions of obsolete or worn out property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, in the ordinary course of business;

 

(b)                                 Dispositions of inventory in the ordinary course of business;

 

(c)                                  Dispositions of equipment or real property to the extent that (i) such property is exchanged for credit against the purchase price of similar replacement property or (ii) the proceeds of such Disposition are reasonably promptly applied to the purchase price of such replacement property;

 

(d)                                 Dispositions of property by any Subsidiary to the Borrower or to a wholly-owned Subsidiary; provided that if the transferor of such property is a Guarantor, the transferee thereof must either be the Borrower or a Guarantor;

 

(e)                                  Dispositions permitted by Section 7.04;

 

(f)                                    (i) licenses of IP Rights in the ordinary course of business in the biotechnology industry and licenses of research or development programs on terms that the Borrower believes in good faith to be commercially reasonable and (ii) transfer of IP Rights to the Borrower or any Subsidiary; provided, that with respect to any transfer of IP Rights related to the sale, distribution and commercialization in the United States of Telaprevir (VX-950) and other drugs and therapeutic products used for the treatment of Hepatitis C (including, but not limited to VX-222), the transferee of such IP Rights shall be the Borrower or Guarantor;

 

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(g)                                 Dispositions of defaulted accounts receivables for collection purposes for fair value; and

 

(h)                                 Dispositions by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries not otherwise permitted under this Section 7.05; provided that (i) at the time of such Disposition, no Default shall exist or would result from such Disposition and (ii) the aggregate book value of all property Disposed of in reliance on this clause (g) in any fiscal year shall not exceed $5,000,000;

 

provided, however, that any Disposition pursuant to clauses (a) through (h) (other than clause (f)(ii)) shall be for fair market value, as reasonably determined by the Borrower.

 

7.06.                     Restricted Payments.  Declare or make, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Payment, or incur any obligation (contingent or otherwise) to do so, except that (x) the Borrower may, in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices, repurchase shares of the Borrower’s common stock issued pursuant to the Borrower’s stock and option plans for $0.01 per share and (y) so long as no Default shall have occurred and be continuing at the time of any action described below or would result therefrom:

 

(a)                                  each Subsidiary may make Restricted Payments to the Borrower, the Guarantors and any other Person that owns an Equity Interest in such Subsidiary, ratably according to their respective holdings of the type of Equity Interest in respect of which such Restricted Payment is being made;

 

(b)                                 the Borrower and each Subsidiary may declare and make dividend payments or other distributions payable solely in the common stock or other common Equity Interests of such Person;

 

(c)                                  the Borrower and each Subsidiary may purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire Equity Interests issued by it with the proceeds received from the substantially concurrent issue of new shares of its common stock or other common Equity Interests;

 

(d)                                 the Borrower may repurchase Equity Interests at a price not exceeding fair value upon termination of employment of its officers and employees, provided that the aggregate amount of payments for all such repurchases shall not exceed $5,000,000 in any fiscal year; and

 

(e)                                  the Borrower may take any of the actions permitted under clause (a) of Section 7.14.

 

7.07.                     Change in Nature of Business.  Engage in any material line of business that is not related to the pharmaceutical industry.

 

7.08.                     Transactions with Affiliates.  Enter into any transaction of any kind with any Affiliate of the Borrower, whether or not in the ordinary course of business, other than on fair and reasonable terms substantially as favorable to the Borrower or such Subsidiary as would be obtainable by the Borrower or such Subsidiary at the time in a comparable arm’s length transaction with a Person other than an Affiliate.

 

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7.09.       Burdensome Agreements.  Enter into or permit to exist any Contractual Obligation (other than this Agreement or any other Loan Document) that (a) limits the ability (i) of any Subsidiary to make Restricted Payments to the Borrower or any Guarantor or to otherwise transfer property to or invest in the Borrower or any Guarantor, (ii) of any Subsidiary to Guarantee the Indebtedness of the Borrower or (iii) of the Borrower or any Subsidiary to create, incur, assume or suffer to exist Liens on property of such Person; provided, however, that this clause (iii) shall not prohibit any negative pledge incurred or provided in favor of any holder of Indebtedness permitted under Section 7.03(e) solely to the extent any such negative pledge relates to the property financed by or the subject of such Indebtedness; or (b) requires the grant of a Lien to secure an obligation of such Person if a Lien is granted to secure another obligation of such Person.

 

7.10.       Use of Proceeds.  Use the proceeds of any Credit Extension, whether directly or indirectly, and whether immediately, incidentally or ultimately, to purchase or carry margin stock (within the meaning of Regulation U of the FRB) or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying margin stock or to refund indebtedness originally incurred for such purpose.

 

7.11.       Financial Covenants.

 

(a)           Maximum Consolidated Burn Rate. Permit the Consolidated Burn Rate as at the end of any fiscal quarter to exceed the amount set forth on Schedule 7.11 for such fiscal quarter.

 

(b)           Minimum Liquidity Amount.  Permit the Liquidity Amount at any time to be less than $400,000,000.

 

(c)           Minimum Margined Liquidity Amount.  Permit the Margined Liquidity Amount at any time to be less than $100,000,000 (as adjusted pursuant to Section 2.04).

 

7.12.       Amendments of Organization Documents.  Amend any of its Organization Documents in a manner that is materially adverse to the interests of the Lenders.

 

7.13.       Accounting Changes.  Make any change in (a) accounting policies or reporting practices, except as required or allowed by GAAP, or (b) fiscal year.

 

7.14.       Prepayments, Etc. of Indebtedness; Amendment of Olmstead Notes.  (a) Prepay, redeem, purchase, defease or otherwise satisfy prior to the scheduled maturity thereof in any manner, or make any payment in violation of any subordination terms of, any Indebtedness, except the Borrower may (i) prepay the Credit Extensions in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, (ii) refinance and refund Indebtedness in compliance with Section 7.03(b), (iii) make mandatory prepayments under the Olmstead Notes from (A) Milestone Payments actually received by the Company from Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V. or an Affiliate thereof or (B) cash on hand (other than any Loan) so long as the Administrative Agent shall have received a certificate of a Responsible Officer of the Borrower, in form scope and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, not less than ten (10) days (and not more than fifteen (15) days) prior to the making of such payment, setting forth a calculation of each of the covenants contained in Section 7.11 immediately prior to and after giving pro forma effect to such payment (it being understood that in the event such calculation demonstrates that the

 

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Borrower shall not be in compliance with any covenant in Section 7.11, the Trigger Event Date shall occur as of the date of the delivery of such officer’s certificate and any prepayment of the Olmstead Notes pursuant to this clause (B) shall occur only after the completion of the Trigger Event Date Transfer), and in each case of clauses (A) and (B), in accordance with the Olmstead Indenture as in effect on the date hereof, subject to the subordination provisions thereof, and (iv) prepay, redeem, purchase, defease or otherwise satisfy indebtedness permitted under Section 7.03(h), upon conversion of such Indebtedness, through the issuance of shares of the Borrower’s common stock and the payment of cash in lieu of partial shares, provided that the aggregate amount of cash payable pursuant to this clause (iv) shall not exceed $10,000,000 or (b) agree to any amendment, restatement, supplement or other modification to, or waiver of, any of its material rights under the Olmstead Notes or the Olmstead Indenture if such amendment, restatement, supplement or other modification to, or waiver of material rights, would be adverse in any material respect to the interests of the Lenders, without obtaining the prior written consent of the Required Lenders to such amendment, restatement, supplement or other modification or waiver.

 

7.15.       Specified Transfers.  In the event that the Liquidity Amount shall at any time be less than $500,000,000, no Loan Party shall make any transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of related transactions) of cash or Specified Securities in any Specified Account, in each case, in excess of $50,000,000 without (a) providing not less than three (3) Business Days prior written notice to the Administrative Agent and (b) the consent of the Administrative Agent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

 

Notwithstanding anything in this Article VII or Article VIII to the contrary, with respect to the Specified Covenants only, the applicability thereof shall be suspended until the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date.  From and after the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date, such Specified Covenants shall be applicable and shall remain in full force and effect until the date that all Obligations are satisfied in full and all commitments of the Lenders to make Loans have been terminated.

 

On the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date compliance with the Specified Covenants (i) set forth in Section 7.01 and Section 7.03 shall be determined by reference to Liens and Indebtedness existing on the Closing Date as compared to and measured against Liens and Indebtedness existing on the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date (it being understood and agreed that no Event of Default shall exist if all Liens and Indebtedness existing on the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date are permitted pursuant to Section 7.01 and Section 7.03 as of such date and (ii) set forth in Section 7.02, Section 7.05 and Section 7.14 shall be determined by reference to all Investments, Dispositions and prepayments of Indebtedness made from and after the Closing Date (it being understood and agreed that no Event of Default shall exist if all Investments, Dispositions and prepayments of Indebtedness made since the Closing Date would have been permitted pursuant to Section 7.02, Section 7.05 and Section 7.14, respectively, if such covenants were not suspended until the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date).  The failure to comply with any such Specified Covenant as set forth herein (including after the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date) shall constitute a Default (subject to cure periods (if any) contained in Section 8.01(a)).  For the avoidance of doubt, prior to the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date, no Default shall occur as a result of the Borrower’s failure to comply with any Specified Covenant.

 

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ARTICLE VIII.
EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES

 

8.01.       Events of Default.  Any of the following shall constitute an Event of Default:

 

(a)           Non-Payment.  The Borrower or any other Loan Party fails to (i) pay when and as required to be paid herein, any amount of principal of any Loan, or (ii) pay within three days after the same becomes due, any interest on any Loan, or any fee due hereunder, or (iii) pay within five days after the same becomes due, any other amount payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document; or

 

(b)           Specific Covenants.  The Borrower fails to perform or observe any term, covenant or agreement contained in any of Section 2.12, 6.01, 6.02, 6.03, 6.05, 6.07, 6.10, 6.11, 6.12, 6.16, 6.17 or Article VII (excepting the Specified Covenants that are not applicable at the relevant time) and such failure continues for 3 days; provided that if the Borrower fails to perform or observe any term, covenant or agreement referred to in this clause (b) at any time from and after the Initial Borrowing Request Delivery Date, such cure period shall no longer apply and such failure shall be an immediate Event of Default.

 

(c)           Other Defaults.  Any Loan Party fails to perform or observe any other covenant or agreement (not specified in Section 8.01(a) or (b) above) contained in any Loan Document on its part to be performed or observed and such failure continues for 30 days; or

 

(d)           Representations and Warranties.  Any representation, warranty, certification or statement of fact made or deemed made by or on behalf of the Borrower or any other Loan Party herein, in any other Loan Document, or in any document delivered in connection herewith or therewith shall be incorrect or misleading when made or deemed made; or

 

(e)           Cross-Default.  (i) Any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof (A) fails to make any payment when due (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand, or otherwise) in respect of any Indebtedness or Guarantee (other than Indebtedness hereunder and Indebtedness under Swap Contracts) having an aggregate principal amount (including undrawn committed or available amounts and including amounts owing to all creditors under any combined or syndicated credit arrangement) of more than the Threshold Amount, and such default shall continue after the applicable grace period, if any, specified in the agreement or instrument relating to such Indebtedness or Guarantee, or (B) fails to observe or perform any other agreement or condition relating to any such Indebtedness or Guarantee or contained in any instrument or agreement evidencing, securing or relating thereto (and all grace periods applicable to such observance, performance or condition shall have expired), or any other event occurs, the effect of which default or other event is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders of such Indebtedness or the beneficiary or beneficiaries of such Guarantee (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder or holders or beneficiary or beneficiaries) to cause, with the giving of notice if required, such Indebtedness to be demanded or to become due or to be repurchased, prepaid, defeased or redeemed (automatically or otherwise), or an offer to repurchase, prepay, defease or redeem such Indebtedness to be made, prior to its stated maturity, or such Guarantee to become payable or cash collateral in respect thereof to be demanded; or (ii) there occurs under any Swap Contract an Early Termination Date (as defined in such Swap

 

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Contract) resulting from (A) any event of default under such Swap Contract as to which a Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof is the Defaulting Party (as defined in such Swap Contract) or (B) any Termination Event (as so defined) under such Swap Contract as to which a Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof is an Affected Party (as so defined) and, in either event, the Swap Termination Value owed by such Loan Party or such Subsidiary as a result thereof is greater than the Threshold Amount; or

 

(f)            Insolvency Proceedings, Etc.  Any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof institutes or consents to the institution of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law, or makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors; or applies for or consents to the appointment of any receiver, trustee, custodian, conservator, liquidator, rehabilitator or similar officer for it or for all or any material part of its property; or any receiver, trustee, custodian, conservator, liquidator, rehabilitator or similar officer is appointed without the application or consent of such Person and the appointment continues undischarged or unstayed for 60 calendar days; or any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law relating to any such Person or to all or any material part of its property is instituted without the consent of such Person and continues undismissed or unstayed for 60 calendar days, or an order for relief is entered in any such proceeding; or

 

(g)           Inability to Pay Debts; Attachment.  (i) Any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof becomes unable or admits in writing its inability or fails generally to pay its debts as they become due, or (ii) any writ or warrant of attachment or execution or similar process is issued or levied against all or any material part of the property of any such Person and is not released, vacated or fully bonded within 30 days after its issue or levy; or

 

(h)           Judgments.  There is entered against any Loan Party or any Subsidiary thereof (i) one or more final judgments or orders for the payment of money in an aggregate amount (as to all such judgments or orders) exceeding $7,500,000 (to the extent not covered by independent third-party insurance as to which the insurer is rated at least “A” by A.M. Best Company, has been notified of the potential claim and does not dispute coverage), or (ii) any one or more non-monetary final judgments that have, or could reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect and, in either case, (A) enforcement proceedings are commenced by any creditor upon such judgment or order, or (B) there is a period of 20 consecutive days during which a stay of enforcement of such judgment, by reason of a pending appeal or otherwise, is not in effect; or

 

(i)            ERISA.  (i) An ERISA Event occurs with respect to a Pension Plan or Multiemployer Plan which has resulted or could reasonably be expected to result in liability of the Borrower under Title IV of ERISA to the Pension Plan, Multiemployer Plan or the PBGC in an aggregate amount in excess of the Threshold Amount, or (ii) the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate fails to pay when due, after the expiration of any applicable grace period, any installment payment with respect to its withdrawal liability under Section 4201 of ERISA under a Multiemployer Plan in an aggregate amount in excess of the Threshold Amount; or

 

(j)            Invalidity of Loan Documents.  Any provision of any Loan Document, at any time after its execution and delivery and for any reason other than as expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder or satisfaction in full of all the Obligations, ceases to be in full force and effect; or any Loan Party or any other Person contests in any manner the validity or

 

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enforceability of any provision of any Loan Document; or any Loan Party denies that it has any or further liability or obligation under any provision of any Loan Document, or purports to revoke, terminate or rescind any provision of any Loan Document; or

 

(k)           Change of Control.  There occurs any Change of Control; or

 

(l)            Collateral Documents.  Any Collateral Document after delivery thereof pursuant to Section 4.01 or 6.12 shall for any reason (other than pursuant to the terms thereof) cease to create a valid and perfected first priority Lien on the Collateral purported to be covered thereby at the times set forth in such Collateral Document; or

 

(m)          Liens on Certain Property.  At any time, the Specified Accounts or the property that comprises the Liquidity Amount or the Margined Liquidity Amount or is contained in any Specified Account is subject to any Lien (other than any (x) Lien in favor of the Administrative Agent on behalf of itself and the other Credit Provider Parties and (y) any Lien permitted under clauses (c) and (h) of Section 7.01); or

 

(n)           Licenses; Approvals, Etc.  Any governmental license, approval or certification required for the Borrower to sell its products shall have been revoked, non-renewed or suspended, and such revocation, non-renewal or suspension has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; or

 

(o)           Telaprevir (VX-950) Product Recall.  There has occurred a product recall regarding Telaprevir (VX-950) which either (i) has had or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect or (ii) has reduced, or could reasonably be expected to result in a reduction of, sales of Telaprevir (VX-950) in North America by $50,000,000 during any twelve (12) consecutive month period.

 

8.02.       Remedies Upon Event of Default.  If any Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Administrative Agent shall, at the request of, or may, with the consent of, the Required Lenders, take any or all of the following actions:

 

(a)           declare the commitment of each Lender to make Loans to be terminated, whereupon such commitments shall be terminated;

 

(b)           declare the unpaid principal amount of all outstanding Loans, all interest accrued and unpaid thereon, and all other amounts owing or payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document to be immediately due and payable, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived by the Borrower; and

 

(c)           exercise on behalf of itself and the Lenders all rights and remedies available to it, and the Lenders under the Loan Documents;

 

provided, however, that upon the occurrence of an actual or deemed entry of an order for relief with respect to the Borrower under the Bankruptcy Code of the United States, the obligation of each Lender to make Loans shall automatically terminate, the unpaid principal amount of all outstanding Loans and all interest and other amounts as aforesaid shall automatically become due and payable, in each case without further act of the Administrative Agent or any Lender.

 

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8.03.       Application of Funds.  After the exercise of remedies provided for in Section 8.02 (or after the Loans have automatically become immediately due and payable as set forth in the proviso to Section 8.02), any amounts received on account of the Obligations shall, subject to the provisions of Section 2.13, be applied by the Administrative Agent in the following order:

 

First, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities, expenses and other amounts (including fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the Administrative Agent and amounts payable under Article III) payable to the Administrative Agent in its capacity as such;

 

Second, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting fees, indemnities and other amounts (other than principal and interest) payable to the Lenders (including fees, charges and disbursements of counsel to the respective Lenders and fees and time charges for attorneys who may be employees of any Lender) under the Loan Documents (other than Hedge Agreements and Cash Management Agreements) and amounts payable under Article III, ratably among them in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Second payable to them;

 

Third, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting interest on the Loans and other Obligations arising under the Loan Documents (other than Hedge Agreements and Cash Management Agreements), ratably among the Lenders in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Third payable to them;

 

Fourth, to payment of that portion of the Obligations constituting unpaid principal of the Loans and amounts then owing under Hedge Agreements and Cash Management Agreements, ratably among the Lenders, the Hedge Banks and the Cash Management Banks in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Fourth held by them;

 

Fifth, to the payment of all other Obligations; and

 

Last, the balance, if any, after all of the Obligations have been indefeasibly paid in full, to the Borrower or as otherwise required by Law.

 

ARTICLE IX.
ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT

 

9.01.       Appointment and Authority.  (a)  Each of the Lenders hereby irrevocably appoints Bank of America to act on its behalf as the Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and authorizes the Administrative Agent to take such actions on its behalf and to exercise such powers as are delegated to the Administrative Agent by the terms hereof or thereof, together with such actions and powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.  The provisions of this Article are solely for the benefit of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, and the Borrower shall not have rights as a third party beneficiary of any of such provisions.

 

(b)           The Administrative Agent shall also act as the “collateral agent” under the Loan Documents, and each of the Lenders (in its capacities as a Lender, potential Hedge Bank and a potential Cash Management Bank) hereby irrevocably appoints and authorizes the

 

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Administrative Agent to act as the agent of such Lender for purposes of acquiring, holding and enforcing any and all Liens on Collateral granted by any of the Loan Parties to secure any of the Obligations, together with such powers and discretion as are reasonably incidental thereto.  In this connection, the Administrative Agent, as “collateral agent” and any co-agents, sub-agents and attorneys-in-fact appointed by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 9.05 for purposes of holding or enforcing any Lien on the Collateral (or any portion thereof) granted under the Collateral Documents, or for exercising any rights and remedies thereunder at the direction of the Administrative Agent, shall be entitled to the benefits of all provisions of this Article IX and Article X (including Section 10.04(c), as though such co-agents, sub-agents and attorneys-in-fact were the “collateral agent” under the Loan Documents) as if set forth in full herein with respect thereto.

 

9.02.       Rights as a Lender.  The Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder shall have the same rights and powers in its capacity as a Lender as any other Lender and may exercise the same as though it were not the Administrative Agent and the term “Lender” or “Lenders” shall, unless otherwise expressly indicated or unless the context otherwise requires, include the Person serving as the Administrative Agent hereunder in its individual capacity.  Such Person and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, act as the financial advisor or in any other advisory capacity for and generally engage in any kind of business with the Borrower or any Subsidiary or other Affiliate thereof as if such Person were not the Administrative Agent hereunder and without any duty to account therefor to the Lenders.

 

9.03.       Exculpatory Provisions.  The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent:

 

(a)           shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default has occurred and is continuing;

 

(b)           shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby or by the other Loan Documents that the Administrative Agent is required to exercise as directed in writing by the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be expressly provided for herein or in the other Loan Documents), provided that the Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or the opinion of its counsel, may expose the Administrative Agent to liability or that is contrary to any Loan Document or applicable Law; and

 

(c)           shall not, except as expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Borrower or any of its Affiliates that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity.

 

(d)           The Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it (i) with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, or as the Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith shall be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in Sections 10.01 and 8.02) or

 

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(ii) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct.  The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until notice describing such Default is given to the Administrative Agent by the Borrower or a Lender.

 

(e)           The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible for or have any duty to ascertain or inquire into (i) any statement, warranty or representation made in or in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, (ii) the contents of any certificate, report or other document delivered hereunder or thereunder or in connection herewith or therewith, (iii) the performance or observance of any of the covenants, agreements or other terms or conditions set forth herein or therein or the occurrence of any Default, (iv) the validity, enforceability, effectiveness or genuineness of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any other agreement, instrument or document, or the creation, perfection or priority of any Lien purported to be created by the Collateral Documents, (v) the value or the sufficiency of any Collateral, or (vi) the satisfaction of any condition set forth in Article IV or elsewhere herein, other than to confirm receipt of items expressly required to be delivered to the Administrative Agent.

 

9.04.       Reliance by Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely upon, and shall not incur any liability for relying upon, any notice, request, certificate, consent, statement, instrument, document or other writing (including any electronic message, Internet or intranet website posting or other distribution) believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or otherwise authenticated by the proper Person.  The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to have been made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon.  In determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender, the Administrative Agent may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender prior to the making of such Loan.  The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Borrower), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts.

 

9.05.       Delegation of Duties.  The Administrative Agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent may perform any and all of its duties and exercise its rights and powers by or through their respective Related Parties.  The exculpatory provisions of this Article shall apply to any such sub-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent and any such sub-agent, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein as well as activities as Administrative Agent.

 

9.06.       Resignation of Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent may at any time give notice of its resignation to the Lenders and the Borrower.  Upon receipt of any such notice of resignation, the Required Lenders shall have the right, in consultation with the Borrower, to appoint a successor, which shall be a bank with an office in the United States, or an Affiliate of any such bank with an office in the United States.  If no such successor shall have been so appointed by the Required Lenders and shall have accepted such appointment within

 

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30 days after the retiring Administrative Agent gives notice of its resignation, then the retiring Administrative Agent may on behalf of the Lenders, appoint a successor Administrative Agent meeting the qualifications set forth above; provided that if the Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrower and the Lenders that no qualifying Person has accepted such appointment, then such resignation shall nonetheless become effective in accordance with such notice and (a) the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents (except that in the case of any collateral security held by the Administrative Agent on behalf of the Lenders under any of the Loan Documents, the retiring Administrative Agent shall continue to hold such collateral security until such time as a successor Administrative Agent is appointed) and (b) all payments, communications and determinations provided to be made by, to or through the Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to each Lender directly, until such time as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided for above in this Section.  Upon the acceptance of a successor’s appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring (or retired) Administrative Agent, and the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents (if not already discharged therefrom as provided above in this Section).  The fees payable by the Borrower to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrower and such successor.  After the retiring Administrative Agent’s resignation hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, the provisions of this Article and Section 10.04 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while the retiring Administrative Agent was acting as Administrative Agent.

 

9.07.       Non-Reliance on Administrative Agent and Other Lenders.  Each Lender acknowledges that it has, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it has deemed appropriate, made its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Agreement.  Each Lender also acknowledges that it will, independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent or any other Lender or any of their Related Parties and based on such documents and information as it shall from time to time deem appropriate, continue to make its own decisions in taking or not taking action under or based upon this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any related agreement or any document furnished hereunder or thereunder.

 

9.08.       No Other Duties, Etc.  Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, no agent or arranger hereunder shall have any powers, duties or responsibilities under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents, except in its capacity, as applicable, as the Administrative Agent, or a Lender.

 

9.09.       Administrative Agent May File Proofs of Claim.  In case of the pendency of any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or any other judicial proceeding relative to any Loan Party, the Administrative Agent (irrespective of whether the principal of any Loan shall then be due and payable as herein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Administrative Agent shall have made any demand on the Borrower) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise

 

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(a)           to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of the principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Loans and all other Obligations that are owing and unpaid and to file such other documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Lenders and the Administrative Agent (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Lenders and the Administrative Agent and their respective agents and counsel and all other amounts due the Lenders and the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.03(h) and (i), 2.07 and 10.04) allowed in such judicial proceeding; and

 

(b)           to collect and receive any monies or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

 

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Lender to make such payments to the Administrative Agent and, in the event that the Administrative Agent shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Lenders, to pay to the Administrative Agent any amount due for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Administrative Agent and its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Administrative Agent under Sections 2.07 and 10.04.

 

Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the Administrative Agent to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Lender any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Obligations or the rights of any Lender to authorize the Administrative Agent to vote in respect of the claim of any Lender in any such proceeding.

 

9.10.       Collateral and Guaranty Matters.  Each of the Lenders (including in its capacities as a potential Cash Management Bank and a potential Hedge Bank) irrevocably authorize the Administrative Agent, at its option and in its discretion,

 

(a)           to release any Lien on any property granted to or held by the Administrative Agent under any Loan Document (i) in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.12, (ii) upon termination of the Aggregate Commitments and payment in full of all Obligations (other than (A) contingent indemnification obligations and (B) obligations and liabilities under Cash Management Agreements and Hedge Agreements as to which arrangements satisfactory to the applicable Cash Management Bank or Hedge Bank shall have been made), or (iii) if approved, authorized or ratified in writing in accordance with Section 10.01; and

 

(b)           to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty if such Person ceases to be a Subsidiary as a result of a transaction permitted hereunder.

 

Upon request by the Administrative Agent at any time, the Required Lenders will confirm in writing the Administrative Agent’s authority to release its interest in particular types or items of property, or to release any Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty pursuant to this Section 9.10.  In each case as specified in this Section 9.10, the Administrative Agent will, at the Borrower’s expense, execute and deliver to the applicable Loan Party such documents as such Loan Party may reasonably request to evidence the release of such item of Collateral from the assignment and security interest granted under the Collateral Documents, or

 

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to release such Guarantor from its obligations under the Guaranty, in each case in accordance with the terms of the Loan Documents and this Section 9.10.

 

9.11.       Cash Management Agreements and Hedge Agreements.  No Cash Management Bank or Hedge Bank that obtains the benefits of Section 8.03, any Guaranty or any Collateral by virtue of the provisions hereof or of any Guaranty or any Collateral Document shall have any right to notice of any action or to consent to, direct or object to any action hereunder or under any other Loan Document or otherwise in respect of the Collateral (including the release or impairment of any Collateral) other than in its capacity as a Lender and, in such case, only to the extent expressly provided in the Loan Documents.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article IX to the contrary, the Administrative Agent shall not be required to verify the payment of, or that other satisfactory arrangements have been made with respect to, Obligations arising under Cash Management Agreements and Hedge Agreements unless the Administrative Agent has received written notice of such Obligations, together with such supporting documentation as the Administrative Agent may request, from the applicable Cash Management Bank or Hedge Bank, as the case may be.

 

ARTICLE X.
MISCELLANEOUS

 

10.01.     Amendments, Etc.  No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, and no consent to any departure by the Borrower or any other Loan Party therefrom, shall be effective unless in writing signed by the Required Lenders and the Borrower or the applicable Loan Party, as the case may be, and acknowledged by the Administrative Agent, and each such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the specific purpose for which given; provided, however, that no such amendment, waiver or consent shall:

 

(a)           waive any condition set forth in Section 4.01(a), or, in the case of the initial Borrowing, Section 4.02 or Section 4.03, in each case, without the written consent of each Lender;

 

(b)           extend or increase the Commitment of any Lender (or reinstate any Commitment terminated pursuant to Section 8.02) without the written consent of such Lender;

 

(c)           postpone any date fixed by this Agreement or any other Loan Document for any payment (excluding mandatory prepayments) of principal, interest, fees or other amounts due to the Lenders (or any of them) hereunder or under such other Loan Document without the written consent of each Lender directly affected thereby;

 

(d)           reduce the principal of, or the rate of interest specified herein on, any Loan, or (subject to clause (iii) of the second proviso to this Section 10.01) any fees or other amounts payable hereunder or under any other Loan Document without the written consent of each Lender directly affected thereby; provided, however, that only the consent of the Required Lenders shall be necessary to amend the definition of “Default Rate” or to waive any obligation of the Borrower to pay interest at the Default Rate;

 

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(e)           change Section 8.03 in a manner that would alter the pro rata sharing of payments required thereby without the written consent of each Lender;

 

(f)            change any provision of this Section or the definition of “Required Lenders” or any other provision hereof specifying the number or percentage of Lenders required to amend, waive or otherwise modify any rights hereunder or make any determination or grant any consent hereunder, without the written consent of each Lender;

 

(g)           release all or substantially all of the Collateral in any transaction or series of related transactions, without the written consent of each Lender; or

 

(h)           release all or substantially all of the value of the Guaranty, without the written consent of each Lender, except to the extent the release of any Subsidiary from the Guaranty is permitted pursuant to Section 9.10 (in which case such release may be made by the Administrative Agent acting alone);

 

and, provided further, that (i) no amendment, waiver or consent shall, unless in writing and signed by the Administrative Agent in addition to the Lenders required above, affect the rights or duties of the Administrative Agent under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; and (ii) the Fee Letter may be amended, or rights or privileges thereunder waived, in a writing executed only by the parties thereto.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, no Defaulting Lender shall have any right to approve or disapprove any amendment, waiver or consent hereunder (and any amendment, waiver or consent which by its terms requires the consent of all Lenders or each affected Lender may be effected with the consent of the applicable Lenders other than Defaulting Lenders), except that (x) the Commitment of any Defaulting Lender may not be increased or extended without the consent of such Lender and (y) any waiver, amendment or modification requiring the consent of all Lenders or each affected Lender that by its terms affects any Defaulting Lender more adversely than other affected Lenders shall require the consent of such Defaulting Lender.

 

If any Lender does not consent to a proposed amendment, waiver, consent or release with respect to any Loan Document that requires the consent of each Lender and that has been approved by the Required Lenders, the Borrower may replace such non-consenting Lender in accordance with Section 10.13; provided that such amendment, waiver, consent or release can be effected as a result of the assignment contemplated by such Section (together with all other such assignments required by the Borrower to be made pursuant to this paragraph).

 

10.02.     Notices; Effectiveness; Electronic Communications.  (a) Notices Generally.  Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone (and except as provided in subsection (b) below), all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by telecopier as follows, and all notices and other communications expressly permitted hereunder to be given by telephone shall be made to the applicable telephone number, as follows:

 

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(i)            if to the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, to the address, telecopier number, electronic mail address or telephone number specified for such Person on Schedule 10.02; and

 

(ii)           if to any other Lender, to the address, telecopier number, electronic mail address or telephone number specified in its Administrative Questionnaire (including, as appropriate, notices delivered solely to the Person designated by a Lender on its Administrative Questionnaire then in effect for the delivery of notices that may contain material non-public information relating to the Borrower).

 

Notices and other communications sent by hand or overnight courier service, or mailed by certified or registered mail, shall be deemed to have been given when received; notices and other communications sent by telecopier shall be deemed to have been given when sent (except that, if not given during normal business hours for the recipient, shall be deemed to have been given at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient).  Notices and other communications delivered through electronic communications to the extent provided in subsection (b) below shall be effective as provided in such subsection (b).

 

(b)           Electronic Communications.  Notices and other communications to the Lenders hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communication (including e-mail and Internet or intranet websites) pursuant to procedures approved by the Administrative Agent, provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices to any Lender pursuant to Article II if such Lender, has notified the Administrative Agent that it is incapable of receiving notices under such Article by electronic communication.  The Administrative Agent or the Borrower may, in its discretion, agree to accept notices and other communications to it hereunder by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by it, provided that approval of such procedures may be limited to particular notices or communications.

 

Unless the Administrative Agent otherwise prescribes, (i) notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender’s receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the “return receipt requested” function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgement), provided that if such notice or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient, and (ii) notices or communications posted to an Internet or intranet website shall be deemed received upon the deemed receipt by the intended recipient at its e-mail address as described in the foregoing clause (i) of notification that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor.

 

(c)           The Platform.  THE PLATFORM IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND “AS AVAILABLE.”  THE AGENT PARTIES (AS DEFINED BELOW) DO NOT WARRANT THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE ADEQUACY OF THE PLATFORM, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ERRORS IN OR OMISSIONS FROM THE BORROWER MATERIALS.  NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS OR FREEDOM FROM VIRUSES OR

 

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OTHER CODE DEFECTS, IS MADE BY ANY AGENT PARTY IN CONNECTION WITH THE BORROWER MATERIALS OR THE PLATFORM.  In no event shall the Administrative Agent or any of its Related Parties (collectively, the “Agent Parties”) have any liability to the Borrower, any Lender or any other Person for losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses of any kind (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) arising out of the Borrower’s or the Administrative Agent’s transmission of Borrower Materials through the Internet, except to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by a final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Agent Party; provided, however, that in no event shall any Agent Party have any liability to the Borrower, any Lender or any other Person for indirect, special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages).

 

(d)           Change of Address, Etc.  Each of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent Issuer may change its address, telecopier or telephone number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto.  Each other Lender may change its address, telecopier or telephone number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the Borrower and the Administrative Agent.  In addition, each Lender agrees to notify the Administrative Agent from time to time to ensure that the Administrative Agent has on record (i) an effective address, contact name, telephone number, telecopier number and electronic mail address to which notices and other communications may be sent and (ii) accurate wire instructions for such Lender.  Furthermore, each Public Lender agrees to cause at least one individual at or on behalf of such Public Lender to at all times have selected the “Private Side Information” or similar designation on the content declaration screen of the Platform in order to enable such Public Lender or its delegate, in accordance with such Public Lender’s compliance procedures and applicable Law, including United States Federal and state securities Laws, to make reference to Borrower Materials that are not made available through the “Public Side Information” portion of the Platform and that may contain material non-public information with respect to the Borrower or its securities for purposes of United States Federal or state securities laws.

 

(e)           Reliance by Administrative Agent and Lenders.  The Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall be entitled to rely and act upon any notices (including telephonic Loan Notices) purportedly given by or on behalf of the Borrower even if (i) such notices were not made in a manner specified herein, were incomplete or were not preceded or followed by any other form of notice specified herein, or (ii) the terms thereof, as understood by the recipient, varied from any confirmation thereof.  The Borrower shall indemnify the Administrative Agent, , each Lender and the Related Parties of each of them from all losses, costs, expenses and liabilities resulting from the reliance by such Person on each notice purportedly given by or on behalf of the Borrower.  All telephonic notices to and other telephonic communications with the Administrative Agent may be recorded by the Administrative Agent, and each of the parties hereto hereby consents to such recording.

 

10.03.     No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies; Enforcement.  No failure by any Lender or the Administrative Agent to exercise, and no delay by any such Person in exercising, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right,

 

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remedy, power or privilege.  The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided, and provided under each other Loan Document, are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, the authority to enforce rights and remedies hereunder and under the other Loan Documents against the Loan Parties or any of them shall be vested exclusively in, and all actions and proceedings at law in connection with such enforcement shall be instituted and maintained exclusively by, the Administrative Agent in accordance with Section 8.02 for the benefit of all the Lenders; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not prohibit (a) the Administrative Agent from exercising on its own behalf the rights and remedies that inure to its benefit (solely in its capacity as Administrative Agent) hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, (b) any Lender from exercising setoff rights in accordance with Section 10.08 (subject to the terms of Section 2.11), or (c) any Lender from filing proofs of claim or appearing and filing pleadings on its own behalf during the pendency of a proceeding relative to any Loan Party under any Debtor Relief Law; and provided, further, that if at any time there is no Person acting as Administrative Agent hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, then (i) the Required Lenders shall have the rights otherwise ascribed to the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 8.02 and (ii) in addition to the matters set forth in clauses (b) and (c) of the preceding proviso and subject to Section 2.11, any Lender may, with the consent of the Required Lenders, enforce any rights and remedies available to it and as authorized by the Required Lenders.

 

10.04.     Expenses; Indemnity; Damage Waiver.  (a) Costs and Expenses.  The Borrower shall pay (i) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates (including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of counsel for the Administrative Agent), in connection with the syndication of the credit facilities provided for herein, the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery and administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents or any amendments, modifications or waivers of the provisions hereof or thereof (whether or not the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby shall be consummated), and (ii) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Administrative Agent or any Lender (including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for the Administrative Agent or any Lender), in connection with the enforcement or protection of its rights (A) in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents, including its rights under this Section, or (B) in connection with the Loans made hereunder, including all such reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred during any workout, restructuring or negotiations in respect of such Loans.

 

(b)           Indemnification by the Borrower.  The Borrower shall indemnify the Administrative Agent (and any sub-agent thereof), each Lender, and each Related Party of any of the foregoing Persons (each such Person being called an “Indemnitee”) against, and hold each Indemnitee harmless from, any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities and related expenses (including the reasonable fees, charges and disbursements of any counsel for any Indemnitee) incurred by any Indemnitee or asserted against any Indemnitee by any third party or by the Borrower or any other Loan Party arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of (i) the execution or delivery of this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby or thereby, the performance by the parties hereto of their respective obligations hereunder or thereunder or the consummation of the transactions

 

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contemplated hereby or thereby, or, in the case of the Administrative Agent (and any sub-agent thereof) and its Related Parties only, the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including in respect of any matters addressed in Section 3.01), (ii) any Loan or the use or proposed use of the proceeds therefrom, (iii) any actual or alleged presence or release of Hazardous Materials on or from any property owned or operated by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Environmental Liability related in any way to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iv) any actual or prospective claim, litigation, investigation or proceeding relating to any of the foregoing, whether based on contract, tort or any other theory, whether brought by a third party or by the Borrower or any other Loan Party or any of the Borrower’s or such Loan Party’s directors, shareholders or creditors, and regardless of whether any Indemnitee is a party thereto; provided that such indemnity shall not, as to any Indemnitee, be available to the extent that such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or related expenses (x) are determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment to have resulted from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee or (y) result from a claim brought by the Borrower or any other Loan Party against an Indemnitee for breach in bad faith of such Indemnitee’s obligations hereunder or under any other Loan Document, if the Borrower or such other Loan Party has obtained a final and nonappealable judgment in its favor on such claim as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

(c)           Reimbursement by Lenders.  To the extent that the Borrower for any reason fails to indefeasibly pay any amount required under subsection (a) or (b) of this Section to be paid by it to the Administrative Agent (or any sub-agent thereof), or any Related Party of any of the foregoing, each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent), or such Related Party, as the case may be, such Lender’s Applicable Percentage (determined as of the time that the applicable unreimbursed expense or indemnity payment is sought) of such unpaid amount, provided that the unreimbursed expense or indemnified loss, claim, damage, liability or related expense, as the case may be, was incurred by or asserted against the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent) or against any Related Party of any of the foregoing acting for the Administrative Agent (or any such sub-agent).  The obligations of the Lenders under this subsection (c) are subject to the provisions of Section 2.10(d).

 

(d)           Waiver of Consequential Damages, Etc.  To the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, the Borrower shall not assert, and hereby waives, any claim against any Indemnitee, on any theory of liability, for special, indirect, consequential or punitive damages (as opposed to direct or actual damages) arising out of, in connection with, or as a result of, this Agreement, any other Loan Document or any agreement or instrument contemplated hereby, the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, any Loan or the use of the proceeds thereof.  No Indemnitee referred to in subsection (b) above shall be liable for any damages arising from the use by unintended recipients of any information or other materials distributed to such unintended recipients by such Indemnitee through telecommunications, electronic or other information transmission systems in connection with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby other than for direct or actual damages resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnitee as determined by a final and nonappealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction.

 

(e)           Payments.  All amounts due under this Section shall be payable not later than ten Business Days after demand therefor.

 

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(f)            Survival.  The agreements in this Section shall survive the resignation of the Administrative Agent, the replacement of any Lender, the termination of the Aggregate Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all the other Obligations.

 

10.05.     Payments Set Aside.  To the extent that any payment by or on behalf of the Borrower is made to the Administrative Agent or any Lender, or the Administrative Agent, or any Lender exercises its right of setoff, and such payment or the proceeds of such setoff or any part thereof is subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required (including pursuant to any settlement entered into by the Administrative Agent, or such Lender in its discretion) to be repaid to a trustee, receiver or any other party, in connection with any proceeding under any Debtor Relief Law or otherwise, then (a) to the extent of such recovery, the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such setoff had not occurred, and (b) each Lender severally agrees to pay to the Administrative Agent upon demand its applicable share (without duplication) of any amount so recovered from or repaid by the Administrative Agent, plus interest thereon from the date of such demand to the date such payment is made at a rate per annum equal to the Federal Funds Rate from time to time in effect.  The obligations of the Lenders under clause (b) of the preceding sentence shall survive the payment in full of the Obligations and the termination of this Agreement.

 

10.06.     Successors and Assigns.  (a) Successors and Assigns Generally.  The provisions of this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, except that the Borrower may not assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent and each Lender and no Lender may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder except (i) to an assignee in accordance with the provisions of subsection (b) of this Section, (ii) by way of participation in accordance with the provisions of subsection (d) of this Section, or (iii) by way of pledge or assignment of a security interest subject to the restrictions of subsection (f) of this Section (and any other attempted assignment or transfer by any party hereto shall be null and void).  Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, Participants to the extent provided in subsection (d) of this Section and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the Related Parties of each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.

 

(b)           Assignments by Lenders.  Any Lender may at any time assign to one or more assignees all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans at the time owing to it); provided that any such assignment shall be subject to the following conditions:

 

(i)            Minimum Amounts.

 

(A)          in the case of an assignment of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender’s Commitment and the Loans at the time owing to it or in the case of an assignment to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund, no minimum amount need be assigned; and

 

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(B)           in any case not described in subsection (b)(i)(A) of this Section, the aggregate amount of the Commitment (which for this purpose includes Loans outstanding thereunder) or, if the Commitment is not then in effect, the principal outstanding balance of the Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment, determined as of the date the Assignment and Assumption with respect to such assignment is delivered to the Administrative Agent or, if “Trade Date” is specified in the Assignment and Assumption, as of the Trade Date, shall not be less than $5,000,000, unless each of the Administrative Agent and, so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Borrower otherwise consents (each such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed); provided, however, that concurrent assignments to members of an Assignee Group and concurrent assignments from members of an Assignee Group to a single Eligible Assignee (or to an Eligible Assignee and members of its Assignee Group) will be treated as a single assignment for purposes of determining whether such minimum amount has been met.

 

(ii)           Proportionate Amounts.  Each partial assignment shall be made as an assignment of a proportionate part of all the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement with respect to the Loans or the Commitment assigned.

 

(iii)          Required Consents.  No consent shall be required for any assignment except to the extent required by subsection (b)(i)(B) of this Section and, in addition:

 

(A)          the consent of the Borrower (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld) shall be required unless (1) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing at the time of such assignment or (2) such assignment is to a Lender, an Affiliate of a Lender or an Approved Fund; provided that the Borrower shall be deemed to have consented to any such assignment unless it shall object thereto by written notice to the Administrative Agent within five (5) Business Days after having received notice thereof;

 

(B)           the consent of the Administrative Agent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) shall be required for assignments in respect of any Commitment if such assignment is to a Person that is not a Lender, an Affiliate of such Lender or an Approved Fund with respect to such Lender.

 

(iv)          Assignment and Assumption.  The parties to each assignment shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, together with a processing and recordation fee in the amount of $3,500; provided, however, that the Administrative Agent may, in its sole discretion, elect to waive such processing and recordation fee in the case of any assignment.  The assignee, if it is not a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent an Administrative Questionnaire.

 

(v)           No Assignment to Certain Persons.  No such assignment shall be made (A) to the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliate’s or Subsidiaries, or (B) to any Defaulting Lender or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Person who, upon becoming a Lender

 

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hereunder, would constitute any of the foregoing Persons described in this clause (B), or (C) to a natural person.

 

(vi)          Certain Additional Payments.  In connection with any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder, no such assignment shall be effective unless and until, in addition to the other conditions thereto set forth herein, the parties to the assignment shall make such additional payments to the Administrative Agent in an aggregate amount sufficient, upon distribution thereof as appropriate (which may be outright payment, purchases by the assignee of participations or subparticipations, or other compensating actions, including funding, with the consent of the Borrower and the Administrative Agent, the applicable pro rata share of Loans previously requested but not funded by the Defaulting Lender, to each of which the applicable assignee and assignor hereby irrevocably consent), to (x) pay and satisfy in full all payment liabilities then owed by such Defaulting Lender to the Administrative Agent or any Lender hereunder (and interest accrued thereon) and (y) acquire (and fund as appropriate) its full pro rata share of all Loans in accordance with its Applicable Percentage.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that any assignment of rights and obligations of any Defaulting Lender hereunder shall become effective under applicable Law without compliance with the provisions of this paragraph, then the assignee of such interest shall be deemed to be a Defaulting Lender for all purposes of this Agreement until such compliance occurs.

 

Subject to acceptance and recording thereof by the Administrative Agent pursuant to subsection (c) of this Section, from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption, the assignee thereunder shall be a party to this Agreement and, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, have the rights and obligations of a Lender under this Agreement, and the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned by such Assignment and Assumption, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption covering all of the assigning Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto) but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of Sections 3.01, 3.04, 3.05 and 10.04 with respect to facts and circumstances occurring prior to the effective date of such assignment.  Upon request, the Borrower (at its expense) shall execute and deliver a Note to the assignee Lender.  Any assignment or transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this subsection shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with subsection (d) of this Section.

 

(c)           Register.  The Administrative Agent, acting solely for this purpose as an agent of the Borrower (and such agency being solely for tax purposes), shall maintain at the Administrative Agent’s Office a copy of each Assignment and Assumption delivered to it and a register for the recordation of the names and addresses of the Lenders, and the Commitments of, and principal amounts of the Loans owing to, each Lender pursuant to the terms hereof from time to time (the “Register”).  The entries in the Register shall be prima facie evidence of the matters recorded therein, and the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register pursuant to the terms hereof as a Lender hereunder for all purposes of this Agreement, notwithstanding notice to the contrary.  In

 

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addition, the Administrative Agent shall maintain on the Register information regarding the designation, and revocation of designation, of any Lender as a Defaulting Lender.  The Register shall be available for inspection by the Borrower and any Lender, at any reasonable time and from time to time upon reasonable prior notice.

 

(d)           Participations.  Any Lender may at any time, without the consent of, or notice to, the Borrower or the Administrative Agent, sell participations to any Person (other than a natural person, a Defaulting Lender or the Borrower or any of the Borrower’s Affiliates or Subsidiaries) (each, a “Participant”) in all or a portion of such Lender’s rights and/or obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and/or the Loans owing to it); provided that (i) such Lender’s obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (ii) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations and (iii) the Borrower, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender’s rights and obligations under this Agreement.  Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, waiver or other modification described in the first proviso to Section 10.01 that affects such Participant.  Subject to subsection (e) of this Section, the Borrower agrees that each Participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 3.01, 3.04 and 3.05 to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to subsection (b) of this Section.  To the extent permitted by law, each Participant also shall be entitled to the benefits of Section 10.08 as though it were a Lender, provided such Participant agrees to be subject to Section 2.11 as though it were a Lender.

 

(e)           Limitations upon Participant Rights.  A Participant shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Section 3.01 or 3.04 than the applicable Lender would have been entitled to receive with respect to the participation sold to such Participant, unless the sale of the participation to such Participant is made with the Borrower’s prior written consent.  A Participant that would be a Foreign Lender if it were a Lender shall not be entitled to the benefits of Section 3.01 unless the Borrower is notified of the participation sold to such Participant and such Participant agrees, for the benefit of the Borrower, to comply with Section 3.01(e) as though it were a Lender.

 

(f)            Certain Pledges.  Any Lender may at any time pledge or assign a security interest in all or any portion of its rights under this Agreement (including under its Note, if any) to secure obligations of such Lender, including any pledge or assignment to secure obligations to a Federal Reserve Bank; provided that no such pledge or assignment shall release such Lender from any of its obligations hereunder or substitute any such pledgee or assignee for such Lender as a party hereto.

 

10.07.     Treatment of Certain Information; Confidentiality.  Each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its Affiliates and to its and its Affiliates’ respective partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees, advisors and representatives (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be

 

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informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (b) to the extent requested by any regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over it (including any self-regulatory authority, such as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners), (c) to the extent required by applicable Laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (d) to any other party hereto, (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (i) any assignee of or Participant in, or any prospective assignee of or Participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement or (ii) any actual or prospective counterparty (or its advisors) to any swap or derivative transaction relating to the Borrower and its obligations, (g) with the consent of the Borrower or (h) to the extent such Information (x) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section or (y) becomes available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any of their respective Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Borrower; provided, however, that the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, as the case may be, shall, to the extent possible and permitted by law, provide the  Borrower with reasonable prior notice of any disclosure of information referred to in clauses (b) and (c) above to allow the Borrower to seek a protective order preventing such disclosure.

 

For purposes of this Section, “Information” means all information received from the Borrower or any Subsidiary relating to the Borrower or any Subsidiary or any of their respective businesses, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent or any Lender on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by the Borrower or any Subsidiary, provided that, in the case of information received from the Borrower or any Subsidiary after the date hereof, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential.  Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information, which shall be at least reasonable care.  The parties agree that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for breach of this Section, and that in addition to all other remedies available at law or in equity, the Borrower shall be entitled to seek equitable relief, including injunction and specific performance, without proof of actual damages.  The provisions of this Section shall remain operative as to Information received by the Administrative Agent or any Lender during the term of this Agreement regardless of the expiration and term of this Agreement.

 

Each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders acknowledges that (a) the Information may include material non-public information concerning the Borrower or a Subsidiary, as the case may be, (b) it has developed compliance procedures regarding the use of material non-public information and (c) it will handle such material non-public information in accordance with applicable Law, including United States Federal and state securities Laws.

 

10.08.     Right of Setoff.  If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, each Lender and each of its Affiliates is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special, time or demand, provisional or final, in whatever currency) at any time held and other

 

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obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Lender or any such Affiliate to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower against any and all of the obligations of the Borrower now or hereafter existing under this Agreement or any other Loan Document to such Lender, irrespective of whether or not such Lender shall have made any demand under this Agreement or any other Loan Document and although such obligations of the Borrower may be contingent or unmatured or are owed to a branch or office of such Lender different from the branch or office holding such deposit or obligated on such indebtedness; provided, that in the event that any Defaulting Lender shall exercise any such right of setoff, (x) all amounts so set off shall be paid over immediately to the Administrative Agent for further application in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.11 and, pending such payment, shall be segregated by such Defaulting Lender from its other funds and deemed held in trust for the benefit of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders, and (y) the Defaulting Lender shall provide promptly to the Administrative Agent a statement describing in reasonable detail the Obligations owing to such Defaulting Lender as to which it exercised such right of setoff.  The rights of each Lender and its Affiliates under this Section are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Lender or its Affiliates may have.  Each Lender agrees to notify the Borrower and the Administrative Agent promptly after any such setoff and application, provided that the failure to give such notice shall not affect the validity of such setoff and application.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 10.08, if at any time any Lender or any of their respective Affiliates maintains one or more deposit accounts for the Borrower into which Medicare and/or Medicaid receivables are deposited, such Person shall waive the right of setoff set forth herein with respect to such deposit accounts.

 

10.09.     Interest Rate Limitation.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any Loan Document, the interest paid or agreed to be paid under the Loan Documents shall not exceed the maximum rate of non-usurious interest permitted by applicable Law (the “Maximum Rate”).  If the Administrative Agent or any Lender shall receive interest in an amount that exceeds the Maximum Rate, the excess interest shall be applied to the principal of the Loans or, if it exceeds such unpaid principal, refunded to the Borrower.  In determining whether the interest contracted for, charged, or received by the Administrative Agent or a Lender exceeds the Maximum Rate, such Person may, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, (a) characterize any payment that is not principal as an expense, fee, or premium rather than interest, (b) exclude voluntary prepayments and the effects thereof, and (c) amortize, prorate, allocate, and spread in equal or unequal parts the total amount of interest throughout the contemplated term of the Obligations hereunder.

 

10.10.     Counterparts; Integration; Effectiveness.  This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.  This Agreement and the other Loan Documents constitute the entire contract among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof.  Except as provided in Section 4.01, this Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been executed by the Administrative Agent and when the Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof that, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto.  Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by telecopy or other electronic

 

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imaging means shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.

 

10.11.     Survival of Representations and Warranties.  All representations and warranties made hereunder and in any other Loan Document or other document delivered pursuant hereto or thereto or in connection herewith or therewith shall survive the execution and delivery hereof and thereof.  Such representations and warranties have been or will be relied upon by the Administrative Agent and each Lender, regardless of any investigation made by the Administrative Agent or any Lender or on their behalf and notwithstanding that the Administrative Agent or any Lender may have had notice or knowledge of any Default at the time of any Credit Extension, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as any Loan or any other Obligation hereunder shall remain unpaid or unsatisfied.

 

10.12.     Severability.  If any provision of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents is held to be illegal, invalid or unenforceable, (a) the legality, validity and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents shall not be affected or impaired thereby and (b) the parties shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provisions with valid provisions the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the illegal, invalid or unenforceable provisions.  The invalidity of a provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.  Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.12, if and to the extent that the enforceability of any provisions in this Agreement relating to Defaulting Lenders shall be limited by Debtor Relief Laws, as determined in good faith by the Administrative Agent, then such provisions shall be deemed to be in effect only to the extent not so limited.

 

10.13.     Replacement of Lenders.  If any Lender requests compensation under Section 3.04, or if the Borrower is required to pay any additional amount to any Lender or any Governmental Authority for the account of any Lender pursuant to Section 3.01, or if any Lender is a Defaulting Lender, or if any other circumstance exists hereunder that gives the Borrower the right to replace a Lender as a party hereto, then the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to such Lender and the Administrative Agent, require such Lender to assign and delegate, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in, and consents required by, Section 10.06), all of its interests, rights and obligations under this Agreement and the related Loan Documents to an assignee that shall assume such obligations (which assignee may be another Lender, if a Lender accepts such assignment), provided that:

 

(a)           the Borrower shall have paid to the Administrative Agent the assignment fee specified in Section 10.06(b);

 

(b)           such Lender shall have received payment of an amount equal to 100% of the outstanding principal of its Loans, accrued interest thereon, accrued fees and all other amounts payable to it hereunder and under the other Loan Documents (including any amounts under Section 3.05) from the assignee (to the extent of such outstanding principal and accrued interest and fees) or the Borrower (in the case of all other amounts);

 

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(c)           in the case of any such assignment resulting from a claim for compensation under Section 3.04 or payments required to be made pursuant to Section 3.01, such assignment will result in a reduction in such compensation or payments thereafter; and

 

(d)           such assignment does not conflict with applicable Laws.

 

A Lender shall not be required to make any such assignment or delegation if, prior thereto, as a result of a waiver by such Lender or otherwise, the circumstances entitling the Borrower to require such assignment and delegation cease to apply.

 

10.14.     Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Etc.  (a)  GOVERNING LAW.  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS (WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO ANY CHOICE OR CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISION OR RULE THAT WOULD CAUSE THE APPLICATION OF THE DOMESTIC SUBSTANTIVE LAWS OF ANY OTHER STATE).

 

(a)           SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY SUBMITS, FOR ITSELF AND ITS PROPERTY, TO THE NONEXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS SITTING IN SUFFOLK COUNTY AND OF THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT OF THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS, AND ANY APPELLATE COURT FROM ANY THEREOF, IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, OR FOR RECOGNITION OR ENFORCEMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT, AND EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY AGREES THAT ALL CLAIMS IN RESPECT OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE HEARD AND DETERMINED IN SUCH MASSACHUSETTS COURT OR, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN SUCH FEDERAL COURT.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO AGREES THAT A FINAL JUDGMENT IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING SHALL BE CONCLUSIVE AND MAY BE ENFORCED IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS BY SUIT ON THE JUDGMENT OR IN ANY OTHER MANNER PROVIDED BY LAW.  NOTHING IN THIS AGREEMENT OR IN ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT SHALL AFFECT ANY RIGHT THAT THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT OR ANY LENDER MAY OTHERWISE HAVE TO BRING ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT AGAINST THE BORROWER OR ITS PROPERTIES IN THE COURTS OF ANY JURISDICTION.

 

(b)           WAIVER OF VENUE.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY OBJECTION THAT IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT IN ANY COURT REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SECTION.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT

 

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PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE DEFENSE OF AN INCONVENIENT FORUM TO THE MAINTENANCE OF SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY SUCH COURT.

 

(c)           SERVICE OF PROCESS.  EACH PARTY HERETO IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO SERVICE OF PROCESS IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 10.02.  NOTHING IN THIS AGREEMENT WILL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF ANY PARTY HERETO TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.

 

10.15.     Waiver of Jury Trial.  EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY).  EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PERSON HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PERSON WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.

 

10.16.     No Advisory or Fiduciary Responsibility.  In connection with all aspects of each transaction contemplated hereby (including in connection with any amendment, waiver or other modification hereof or of any other Loan Document), the Borrower acknowledges and agrees, and acknowledges its Affiliates’ understanding, that: (i) (A) the arranging and other services regarding this Agreement provided by the Administrative Agent are arm’s-length commercial transactions between the Borrower and its Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Administrative Agent, on the other hand, (B) the Borrower has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate, and (C) the Borrower is capable of evaluating, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the other Loan Documents; (ii) (A) the Administrative Agent is and has been acting solely as a principal and, except as expressly agreed in writing by the relevant parties, has not been, is not, and will not be acting as an advisor, agent or fiduciary for the Borrower or any of its Affiliates, or any other Person and (B) the Administrative Agent has no obligation to the Borrower or any of its Affiliates with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby except those obligations expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents; and (iii) the Administrative Agent and its respective Affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Borrower and its Affiliates, and the Administrative Agent has no obligation to disclose any of such interests to the Borrower or its Affiliates.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Borrower hereby waives and releases any claims that it may have against the Administrative Agent with respect to any breach or alleged breach of agency or fiduciary duty in connection with any aspect of any transaction contemplated hereby.

 

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10.17.     Electronic Execution of Assignments and Certain Other Documents.  The words “execution,” “signed,” “signature,” and words of like import in any Assignment and Assumption or in any amendment or other modification hereof (including waivers and consents) shall be deemed to include electronic signatures or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable Law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.

 

10.18.     USA PATRIOT Act.  Each Lender that is subject to the Patriot Act and the Administrative Agent (for itself and not on behalf of any Lender) hereby notifies the Borrower that pursuant to the requirements of the Patriot Act it is required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each Loan Party, which information includes the name and address of each Loan Party and other information that will allow such Lender or the Administrative Agent, as applicable, to identify each Loan Party in accordance with the Patriot Act.  The Borrower shall, promptly following a request by the Administrative Agent or any Lender, provide all documentation and other information that the Administrative Agent or such Lender requests in order to comply with its ongoing obligations under applicable “know your customer” and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as a sealed instrument as of the date first above written.

 

 

VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Paul M. Silva

 

Name:

Paul M. Silva

 

Title:

Vice President and Corporate Controller

 



 

 

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., as Administrative Agent

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Linda Alto

 

Name:

Linda Alto

 

Title:

SVP

 



 

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., as a Lender

 

 

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ Linda Alto

 

Name:

Linda Alto

 

Title:

SVP

 




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Exhibit 31.1


CERTIFICATION

I, Matthew W. Emmens, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2011   /s/ MATTHEW W. EMMENS

Matthew W. Emmens
Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)



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CERTIFICATION

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Exhibit 31.2


CERTIFICATION

I, Ian F. Smith, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)
designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)
evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)
disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2011   /s/ IAN F. SMITH

Ian F. Smith
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)



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CERTIFICATION

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Exhibit 32.1


Certification
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(Subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350,
Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code)

        Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code), each of the undersigned officers of Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, a Massachusetts corporation (the "Company"), does hereby certify, to such officer's knowledge, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011 (the "Form 10-Q") of the Company fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the information contained in the Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: May 6, 2011   /s/ MATTHEW W. EMMENS

Matthew W. Emmens
Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)

Dated: May 6, 2011

 

/s/ IAN F. SMITH

Ian F. Smith
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)



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Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code)